Genetic Engineering Flashcards
1
Q
What is meant by ‘Genetic Engineering’?
A
The artificial transfer of genetic information from one cell of one species to one cell of another species
2
Q
What are the stages of Genetic Engineering?
A
- Gene is located on the human source chromosome
- Gene is removed from chromosome using enzyme
- Plasmid removed from bacterial cell using enzyme
- Gene is inserted into plasmid and sealed using enzyme
- Modified plasmid is inserted back into host bacterial cell to created GM organism
- Bacterial cells divide and produce product which can be extracted and purified in large
3
Q
Give examples of uses of Genetic Engineering:
A
-Used to created insulin as medicine for people who are diagnosed with diabetes
-Used to create venomous cabbages which prevent use of chemical pesticides sprayed on crops
-Factor VII for the treatment oh haemophilia
-Growth hormone
-Vitamin A in genetically engineered rice
4
Q
Advantages of genetic engineering:
A
-Increased rate of production
-Lower cost of production
-Large volume able to be produced