Plant Transport Systems

Question 1

Why do multicellular organisms require transport systems?

Answer 1

Multicellular organisms gave a small surface area to volume ratio therefore diffusion cannot occur fast enough to supply the raw materials to the whole cell. This means they have transport systems to carry the raw materials to the sites of their diffusion

Question 2

Why do plants require transport systems for water?

Answer 2

To get the water from its roots into its leaves

Question 3

Why do plants require transport systems for water?

Answer 3

To get the water from its roots into its leaves

Question 4

Upper epidermis

Answer 4

A transparent layer which allows sunlight to pass through to the cells below

Question 5

Palisade mesophyll

Answer 5

Closely packed cells which contain many chloroplasts - the site of photosynthesis

Question 6

Spongy mesophyll

Answer 6

A layer that contains many air spaces where gases can diffuse into and out of cells. These cells also carry out photosynthesis

Question 7

Guard cells

Answer 7

Two cells which control the opening of the stomata

Question 8

Stomata

Answer 8

Pores on the underside of the leaf which allow gas exchange

Question 9

Vein

Answer 9

Contains a vascular bundle composed of xylem and phloem which are two transport systems

Question 10

Lower epidermis

Answer 10

Underside of the leaf

Question 11

State the name of the movement of water through a plant

Answer 11

Osmosis

Question 12

State the structures involved in transport of water in plants

Answer 12

Root hair cells, xylem

Question 13

Describe the process of osmosis in plants.

Answer 13

-The water enters the plant through its roots which contain specialised cells called root hair cells. These cells have long extensions that increase the surface area of the cell allowing it to absorb more water and dissolved minerals

-Once inside inside the plant, water and minerals move up from through roots to the leaves in the stem in narrow tubes called xylem. Xylem are hollow tubes made of dead cells, they gave rings of lignin which stop the tubes closing under the pressure of water

Question 14

Describe the structure and function of the xylem

Answer 14

Structure : hollow tubes made of dead cells, they have rings of lignin which top the tube closing under the pressure of the water

Function : transport water from the bottom to the top of the leaf

Question 15

Name environmental factors which increase the rate of transpiration in plants

Answer 15

-Increased wind speed
-Increased temperature
-Increased surface area
-Increased humidity

Question 16

Why do plants require a transport system for sugar?

Answer 16

To transport the sugar from the leaves to all cells