Specific Joint Anatomy Flashcards
What type of joint is TMJ
atypical synovial
Classification of the TMJ
compound hinge and gliding
What are the articular surfaces covered by in the TMJ
fibrocartilage instead of hyaline.
Fibrocartilage is more resistant to damage and can regenerate
What bones formed the TMJ
condyle of the mandible, mandibular fossa and arituclar eminence of the temporal bone
What is the innervation for the TMJ
Auriculotemporal, deep temporal, and masseteric branches of CN V3
Shoulder (glenohumeral) joint type, classification, and bones involved
Type: synovial
Classification: Ball and Socket
Bones involved: Glenoid fossa head of humerus
Innervation of the shoulder joint
axillary and suprascapular nerves
Sternoclavicular joint type, classification, and bones involved
Type:synovial with an intra-articular disc
Classification: Saddle (sellar) but behaves like a ball and socket and is covered with fibrocartilage
Bones involved: Manubrium of sternum and medial head of the clavicle
Innervation of the sternoclavicular joint
medial branch of the supraclavicular nerve (C3) and nerve to subclavius
Elbow joint type, classification, and bones involved
Type: synovial
Classification: Hinge (ginglymus)
Bones involved: Lower end of humerus and head of the radius and trochlea of the ulna
Innervation of the elbow joint
radial and musculocutaneus nerves
Proximal and distal radiu-ulnar joints type, classification, and bones involved
Type: synovial
Classification: Pivot (trochoid)
Bones Involved: Head of radius and radial notch of the ulna (proximal) and head of ulna and distal end of radius (distal)
Innervation of radio-ulnar joints
median, ulnar, and radial nerves
Wrist joint type, classification, and bones involved
Type: synovial
Classification: Condyloid (ellipsoid)
Bones Involved: distal end of radius, scaphoid, and lunate bones
Innervation of wrist joint
radial, median, and ulnar nerves
1st carpometacarpal joint type, classification, and bones involved
Type: synovial
Classification: Saddle (sellar)
Bones involved: Trapezium and 1st metacarpal
Innervation of 1st metcarpal joint
radial and median nerves
Metacarpophalangeal joint type, classification, and bones involved
Type: synovial
Classification: condyloid (ellipsoid)
Bones involved: head of metacarpal and base of proximal phalanx
Innervation of metacarpophalangeal joint
median, ulnar, and radial nerves
Hip joint type, classification, and bone involvement
type: synovial
classification: ball and socket
Bone involvement: head of femur and acetabulum of os coxae
innervation of the hip joint
femoral, obturator and nerve to the quadratus femoris
What is the intra-articular ligament of the hip joint called and what it contains in children
round ligament of the head of the femur: contains the central foveolar artery in children (absent in adults)
What are the three extra-articular ligaments of the hip joint called and their functions
iliofemoral: prevents hyperextension
pubofemoral: prevents hyper-abduction
Ischiofemoral: prevents hyperextesion
Knee joint type, classification, and bones involved
type: synovial
classification: modified hing (ginglymus)
Bones involved: lower end of the femur and upper end of tibia
Innervation of the knee joint
femoral, tibial, and common peroneal nerves
What are the two intra-articular ligaments of the knee and their function
Anterior cruciate ligament: Origin - anterior part of the intercondylar ridge, insertion - posterior side of the medial aspect of the lateral condyl of the femur, it prevents anterior movement of the tibia on the femur
Posterior cruciate ligament: origin - posterior part of the intercondylar ridge, inserts - anterior part of the lateral aspect of the medial condyle of the femur, prevents posterior movement of the tibia on femur
What are the two extra-articular ligaments and their function
medial collateral: thick, attaches to medial meniscus, prevents abduction
lateral collateral: thin, prevents adduction
What are the two intra-articular discs and their function
medial meniscus: semilunar fibrocartilaginous disc, attached to MCL and the intercondylar ridge
Lateral meniscus: nearly circular, NOT attached to the lateral collateral ligament (unlike medial with MCL)
Tibiofibular joint type, classification, and bones involved
Type: Superior synovial, inferior fibrous
classification: superior planar, inferior syndesmosis
Bones involved: superior - head of fibular and the upper end of the tibia, Inferior - distal ends of the fibular and tibia
Innervation of tibiofibular joint
deep peroneal nerve
Ankle joint type, classification, and bones involved:
Type: synovial
Classification: hinge (ginglymus)
Bones involved: lower end of tibia and fibular and the talus
Innervation of the ankle joint
tibial and deep peroneal nerves
