Specific Joint Anatomy

Question 1

What type of joint is TMJ

Answer 1

atypical synovial

Question 2

Classification of the TMJ

Answer 2

compound hinge and gliding

Question 3

What are the articular surfaces covered by in the TMJ

Answer 3

fibrocartilage instead of hyaline.

Fibrocartilage is more resistant to damage and can regenerate

Question 4

What bones formed the TMJ

Answer 4

condyle of the mandible, mandibular fossa and arituclar eminence of the temporal bone

Question 5

What is the innervation for the TMJ

Answer 5

Auriculotemporal, deep temporal, and masseteric branches of CN V3

Question 6

Shoulder (glenohumeral) joint type, classification, and bones involved

Answer 6

Type: synovial
Classification: Ball and Socket
Bones involved: Glenoid fossa head of humerus

Question 7

Innervation of the shoulder joint

Answer 7

axillary and suprascapular nerves

Question 8

Sternoclavicular joint type, classification, and bones involved

Answer 8

Type:synovial with an intra-articular disc

Classification: Saddle (sellar) but behaves like a ball and socket and is covered with fibrocartilage

Bones involved: Manubrium of sternum and medial head of the clavicle

Question 9

Innervation of the sternoclavicular joint

Answer 9

medial branch of the supraclavicular nerve (C3) and nerve to subclavius

Question 10

Elbow joint type, classification, and bones involved

Answer 10

Type: synovial

Classification: Hinge (ginglymus)

Bones involved: Lower end of humerus and head of the radius and trochlea of the ulna

Question 11

Innervation of the elbow joint

Answer 11

radial and musculocutaneus nerves

Question 12

Proximal and distal radiu-ulnar joints type, classification, and bones involved

Answer 12

Type: synovial

Classification: Pivot (trochoid)

Bones Involved: Head of radius and radial notch of the ulna (proximal) and head of ulna and distal end of radius (distal)

Question 13

Innervation of radio-ulnar joints

Answer 13

median, ulnar, and radial nerves

Question 14

Wrist joint type, classification, and bones involved

Answer 14

Type: synovial

Classification: Condyloid (ellipsoid)

Bones Involved: distal end of radius, scaphoid, and lunate bones

Question 15

Innervation of wrist joint

Answer 15

radial, median, and ulnar nerves

Question 16

1st carpometacarpal joint type, classification, and bones involved

Answer 16

Type: synovial

Classification: Saddle (sellar)

Bones involved: Trapezium and 1st metacarpal

Question 17

Innervation of 1st metcarpal joint

Answer 17

radial and median nerves

Question 18

Metacarpophalangeal joint type, classification, and bones involved

Answer 18

Type: synovial

Classification: condyloid (ellipsoid)

Bones involved: head of metacarpal and base of proximal phalanx

Question 19

Innervation of metacarpophalangeal joint

Answer 19

median, ulnar, and radial nerves

Question 20

Hip joint type, classification, and bone involvement

Answer 20

type: synovial
classification: ball and socket

Bone involvement: head of femur and acetabulum of os coxae

Question 21

innervation of the hip joint

Answer 21

femoral, obturator and nerve to the quadratus femoris

Question 22

What is the intra-articular ligament of the hip joint called and what it contains in children

Answer 22

round ligament of the head of the femur: contains the central foveolar artery in children (absent in adults)

Question 23

What are the three extra-articular ligaments of the hip joint called and their functions

Answer 23

iliofemoral: prevents hyperextension
pubofemoral: prevents hyper-abduction

Ischiofemoral: prevents hyperextesion

Question 24

Knee joint type, classification, and bones involved

Answer 24

type: synovial
classification: modified hing (ginglymus)

Bones involved: lower end of the femur and upper end of tibia

Question 25

Innervation of the knee joint

Answer 25

femoral, tibial, and common peroneal nerves

Question 26

What are the two intra-articular ligaments of the knee and their function

Answer 26

Anterior cruciate ligament: Origin - anterior part of the intercondylar ridge, insertion - posterior side of the medial aspect of the lateral condyl of the femur, it prevents anterior movement of the tibia on the femur

Posterior cruciate ligament: origin - posterior part of the intercondylar ridge, inserts - anterior part of the lateral aspect of the medial condyle of the femur, prevents posterior movement of the tibia on femur

Question 27

What are the two extra-articular ligaments and their function

Answer 27

medial collateral: thick, attaches to medial meniscus, prevents abduction

lateral collateral: thin, prevents adduction

Question 28

What are the two intra-articular discs and their function

Answer 28

medial meniscus: semilunar fibrocartilaginous disc, attached to MCL and the intercondylar ridge

Lateral meniscus: nearly circular, NOT attached to the lateral collateral ligament (unlike medial with MCL)

Question 29

Tibiofibular joint type, classification, and bones involved

Answer 29

Type: Superior synovial, inferior fibrous

classification: superior planar, inferior syndesmosis

Bones involved: superior - head of fibular and the upper end of the tibia, Inferior - distal ends of the fibular and tibia

Question 30

Innervation of tibiofibular joint

Answer 30

deep peroneal nerve

Question 31

Ankle joint type, classification, and bones involved:

Answer 31

Type: synovial

Classification: hinge (ginglymus)

Bones involved: lower end of tibia and fibular and the talus

Question 32

Innervation of the ankle joint

Answer 32

tibial and deep peroneal nerves