Respiratory Anatomy Flashcards
Where does the trachea begin and what is it lined with
lower boarder of cricoid cartilage (C6) and lined with pseudo-straified ciliated columnar epithelium
What muscle connects the posterior aspect of the trachea
trachealis
Where does the trachea end
sternal angle (of luis) T4/5
What is the V-shaped cartilage marking the bifurcation of the trachea called
carina
Which bronchus is shorter, wider, and more vertical
right
Which lung is bigger, wider, and shorter
right
Where does the pulmonary artery lie (RALeS)
the pulmonary artery lies in the Right lung root Anterior to the bronchus on the Left pulmonary artery lies Superior to the bronchus (RALeS)
Which layer of pleura in the lungs is sensitive to pain and what is its innervation
outer and intercostal and phrenic nerves
Which membrane limits the extension of lungs apex into the neck
suprapleural membrane
What arteries supply the parietal pleura of the longs
anterior and posterior intercostal
Upper 6 pairs of the anterior intercostals are derived from the internal thoracic a.
7-9 are derived from the musculophrenic branch of the internal thoracic
1st and 2nd posterior intercostal arteries are from the costal branch of the costocervical trunk of the subclavian a.
3rd through 11th posterior intercostal are derived from the descending part of the thoracic aorta
What system drains the lungs
azygos venous system
What is the path of lymphatics from the lungs
periphery of lungs to pulmonary nodes, to bronchopulmonary nodes, to tracheobronchial nodes, to para-tracheal nodes, finally into the mediastinal lymphatic ducts
On what side does the azygos vein lie and what does it drain
right side draining 2nd through 11th posterior intercostal and right subcostal veins
Where does the azygos vein pass through the diaphragm
at T12 with the aorta and thoracic duct
On what side does the hemiazygos vein lie and what does it drain
left and it drains the left subcostal and 3 or 4 lower intercostal veins
What is the accessory hemiazygos vein formed by
5th to 8th left intercostal veins
What is the origin of the diaphragm (Several Parts Built Diaphragm)
Septum transversum, Pleuroperitoneal membranes, Body wall, and Dorsal mesentery (SPBD)
Name the major openings of the diaphragm and their cord levels
T8 - IVC, right phrenic nerve, and pericardiocophrenic vessels
T10 - esophagus and vagus nerves
T12 - aorta, thoracic duct, and azygos vein
What is the innervation of the diaphragm and it’s cord levels
phrenic nerve and C3, 4, 5 (keeps the diaphragm alive)
What is the name of the condensation of fascia over the psoas muscle
medial arcuate ligament
what is the condensation of fascia over the quadratus lumborum
lateral arcuate ligament
what is the name of for fascia that connects the right and left crura and arches over the aorta
median arcuate ligament
