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South Africa Flashcards

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1
Q

When was the vine first recorded in South Africa?

A

1652

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2
Q

Who founded Cape Town and its first vineyards?

A

Jan van Riebeeck of the Dutch East India Company

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3
Q

When did French Huguenots arrive in South Africa with their wine knowledge?

A

1680s and 1690s

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4
Q

What is the modern day name for the district where French Huguenots settled in South Africa?

A

Franschoek

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5
Q

Who introduced the sweet Vin de Constance wine to South Africa?

A

Governor Simon

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6
Q

When was Constantia founded?

A

1685

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7
Q

When did Phylloxera hit South Africa?

A

19th century

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8
Q

When did the golden era of Groot Constantia end?

A

1885

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9
Q

When was the KWV formed?

A

1918

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10
Q

What is the KMV?

A

An organisation formed with 90% of South Africa’s growers to regulate prices, production areas, and production limits

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11
Q

When was the KMV formalised by South African law?

A

1924 with the Wine and Spirits Control Act

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12
Q

What happened in South Africa in the 1940s to significantly stunt wine production?

A

Apartheid

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13
Q

When did apartheid end?

A

1994

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14
Q

When was the KMV transformed into a private company?

A

1997

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15
Q

When was the Wine of Origin (WO) Scheme introduced?

A

1973

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16
Q

What do WO wines have to undergo?

A

Tasting panels
Scientific testing

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17
Q

How much of a stated grape must be in a South African wine?

A

85%

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18
Q

What is the minimum percentage a grape must make up of a South African blend to be stated on the label?

A

20%

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19
Q

How much of a South African wine must come from a stated vintage?

A

85%

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20
Q

If a production area is stated on a South African wine, how much of the wine must come from that production area?

A

100%

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21
Q

What are the 4 levels of production areas for South Africa, largest to smallest?

A

Geographical Unit (GI)
Region
District
Ward

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22
Q

What is the rule for estate bottled wines in South Africa?

A

The wines must be produced from a contiguous parcel of vineyards and vinified and bottled on a single property

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23
Q

How many GIs does South Africa have?

A

7

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24
Q

What are the 7 GIs of South Africa?

A

Western Cape
Northern Cape
Eastern Cape
Northwest
Kwazulu-Natal
Limpopo
Free State

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25
Q

What is the local name for Chenin Blanc in South Africa?

A

Steen

26
Q

What percentage of South Africa’s vineyards are Chenin Blanc?

A

18%

27
Q

What is South Africa’s signature red grape?

A

Pinotage

28
Q

What are the genetic parents of Pinotage?

A

Cinsault x Pinot Noir

29
Q

Who developed Pinotage and when?

A

Professor Abraham Perold
1924

30
Q

Describe a typical Pinotage

A

Smoky
Fruity
Pungent
Full bodied

31
Q

What are traditional method sparkling wines from South Africa called?

A

Methode Cap Classique (MCC)

32
Q

What is the climate of the Western Cape?

A

Mediterranean

33
Q

What is the Benguela Current?

A

A flow of cold air which comes up from the Antarctic onto South Africa, cooling coastal vineyards

34
Q

What is the Cape Doctor?

A

A strong southeasterly wind blowing across the Western Cape

35
Q

Where is South Africa’s Coastal Region?

A

Located around Cape Town and along the Western Cape

36
Q

What are the 9 districts of South Africa’s Coastal Region?

A

Stellenbosch
Cape Town
Paarl
Tulbagh
Darling
Franschhoek Valley
Lutzville Valley
Wellington
Swartland

37
Q

Which 2 Coastal Region districts gained independence from Paarl and when?

A

Franschhoek Valley in 2010
Wellington in 2012

38
Q

How many wards does Cape Town have?

A

4

39
Q

What grape produces premium wines in Cape Town?

A

Sauvignon Blanc

40
Q

What is South Africa’s mot prominent district?

A

Stellenbosch

41
Q

When does Stellenbosch’s viticulture date back to?

A

17th century

42
Q

Which 3 mountain peaks surround Stellenbosch?

A

Simonsberg
Stellenbosch
Helderberg

43
Q

What is special about the soils of Stellenbosch?

A

They are some of the most ancient soils in the world

44
Q

Which 2 grapes are most planted in Stellenbosch?

A

Cabernet Sauvignon
Sauvignon Blanc

45
Q

What is the climate of Stellenbosch?

A

Maritime

46
Q

Where is Paarl located?

A

North of Stellenbosch

47
Q

Who is the largest producer in Paarl?

A

Nederberg

48
Q

What is significant about the South African producer Nederberg?

A

They were the first Soutb African producer to make a botrytised wine

49
Q

What is the Nederberg Wine Auction?

A

An auction for rare Cape wines which has taken place since 1975

50
Q

What are the 3 districts of the Breede River Valley Region?

A

Robertson
Worcester
Breedekloof

51
Q

What grapes is the Worcester District known for?

A

Colombard
Chenin Blanc
Cabernet

52
Q

What style of wine is Robertson district known for?

A

MCC (Methode Cape Classique)

53
Q

How many wards and districts does Klein Karoo have?

A

2 districts
6 wards

54
Q

What style of wine dominates Klein Karoo Region?

A

Sweet and fortified wine

55
Q

Which grapes dominate production in the Olifants River Region?

A

Colombard
Chenin Blanc

56
Q

How many districts does Cape South Coast Region have?

A

7

57
Q

Which Cape South Coast district was promoted from being a ward in 2012?

A

Elgin

58
Q

Which 3 grapes does the Elgin district specialise in?

A

Sauvignon Blanc
Pinot Noir
Riesling

59
Q

How many wards does Walker Bay have?

A

7

60
Q

What are the 2 wine producing wards of Walker Bay?

A

Bot river
Hemel-en-Aarde

61
Q

What are the dominant 3 grapes of the Walker Bay district?

A

Pinot Noir
Chardonnay
Pinotage

62
Q

What is the Old Vine Project in South Africa?

A

Vines which are 35 years old or more get certified and allowed to be labelled as so on the bottles

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