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Australia Flashcards

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1
Q

When did free settlers arrive in Australia?

A

1850

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2
Q

Which 2 Australian estates which are famous today were launched in the 1850s?

A

Penfolds and Lindemans, currently both owned by The Wine Treasury

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3
Q

When was Australia hit with Phylloxera and Recession, negatively impacting the growth of the wine trade?

A

Late 19th century

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4
Q

Where did Phylloxera hit Australia in the late 19th century?

A

Victoria and part of New South Wales

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5
Q

How much of Australia’s grapes are produced in South Australia today?

A

51%

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6
Q

When did Australia shift from mass producing sweet and fortified wine to higher quality table and varietal wines occur?

A

1970s

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7
Q

Which wine storing technology was famously developed in Australia?

A

Bag-in-the-box wine

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8
Q

When was the Australia Wine and Brandy Corporation founded?

A

1981

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9
Q

What is the role of the Australia Wine and Brandy Corporation?

A

To oversee and regulate:
- wine label language
- wine region boundaries
- wine exports and trade
- wine marketing

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10
Q

When was the Label Integrity Program introduced to Australia and what does it dictate?

A

1990
Labels require a named variety, vintage, or region containing a minimum 85% of the grape, year, or region respectively

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11
Q

How do blended wine list grape varieties on Australian win bottles?

A

In order of the proportion the grape has in the blend

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12
Q

How have Australian appellations been designed?

A

Purely by geographical scope, with no grape or yield restrictions

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13
Q

What defines a region or subregion in Australia?

A

A single tract of land comprising a minimum of 5 independently owned vineyards of a minimum of 5ha a piece

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14
Q

When were the first vines planted in New South Wales?

A

1788

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15
Q

What is the Greatest Dividing Range?

A

A series of mountain ranges running north to south of Eastern Australia. It separates the wetter coastal areas from the drier, arid inland areas

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16
Q

How much of Australias production comes from New South Wales?

A

25%

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17
Q

Where does the majority of New South Wales’ wine production come from?

A

Inland (west) of the Dividing Range in the heavily irrigated Riverina region

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18
Q

Where is the Hunter Valley?

A

In the Hunter Valley Zones, which sites between the Brokeback Mountains and the Eastern Coast

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19
Q

When did viticulture start in the Hunter Valley?

A

1830

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20
Q

Who famously drank sparkling Hunter Valley wine at the Universal Exhibition in Paris in 1855?

A

Napoleon III

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21
Q

What is the climate of the Hunter Valley?

A

Subtropical

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22
Q

What is the dominant grape of the Hunter Valley?

A

Semillon (aka Hunter Riesling)

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23
Q

Which Portuguese white grape is popularly cultivated in the Hunter Valley?

A

Verdehlo

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24
Q

Which 2 red grapes are most important in the Hunter Valley?

A

Shiraz and Cabernet Sauvignon

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25
Q

Where is Canberra located?

A

In the inland zone just outside the capital city in New South Wales

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26
Q

What is the climate of Canberra?

A

Continental

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27
Q

Which grapes perform best in Canberra?

A

Shiraz and Viognier

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28
Q

Where is Tumbarumba located?

A

Southwest of Canberra

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29
Q

What wines are Tumbarumba known for?

A

Still and sparkling wines based off Pinot Noir and Chardonnay

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30
Q

Where is the state of Victoria?

A

Southeast Australia, South of New South Wales and East of South Australia

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31
Q

What cools the vineyards of Victoria?

A

Sea breezes coming from the Antarctic

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32
Q

What are the Coastal appellations of Victoria?

A

Yarra Valley
Mornington Peninsula
Geelong

33
Q

Which port is the name of the city and bay which Yarra, Mornington, and Geelong sit on?

A

Melbourne and Port Philip Bay

34
Q

What is the climate of Port Philip?

A

Cool maritime

35
Q

Which Champagne producer setup a domaine in Yarra Valley in 1987?

A

Moet & Chandon with Domaine Chandon

36
Q

What are the 2 distinct soils of Yarra Valley?

A

Grey-brown sandy loam
Red basalt

37
Q

What are the dominant grapes of Yarra Valley?

A

Pinot Noir
Cabernet Sauvignon
Shiraz
Chardonnay

38
Q

What is the climate of Mornington Peninsula?

A

Cooler and windier with a more maritime climate than the rest of Victoria

39
Q

What are the main grapes of Mornington Peninsula?

A

Pinot Noir
Pinot Gris
Chardonnay

40
Q

What are the 2 zones on northwest Victoria?

A

Murray Darling
Swan Hill

41
Q

Which grapes dominate the Northwest Victoria?

A

Shiraz and Chardonnay

42
Q

What are the 3 zones within Central Victoria?

A

Bendigo
Heathcote
Goulbourn

43
Q

Which producer makes Shiraz from Central Victoria based off vines planted in 1860?

A

Tahblik

44
Q

What white grape is the Central Victoria producer Tahblik known for?

A

Marsanne

45
Q

Which 2 producers are known for their quality sweet wines from Northeast Victoria?

A

Rutherglen
Glenrowan

46
Q

How many zones does Southern Australia have?

A

8

47
Q

What grape is Coonawarra known for?

A

Cabernet Sauvignon

48
Q

What is a key tasting not of Coonawarra Cabernet Sauvignon?

A

Eucalpytus

49
Q

What is the climate of Coonawarra?

A

Maritime

50
Q

What are the soils of Coonawarra?

A

Terra Rosa

51
Q

Where is Padthaway located?

A

North of Coonawarra in South Australia

52
Q

What is the climate of the Lower Murray Zone?

A

Hot continental

53
Q

What type of wines come out of the Lower Murray Zone?

A

Cheap bulk wines

54
Q

What is the main appellation within the Fleurieu Zone?

A

McLaren Vale

55
Q

What is the climate of the Fleurieu Zone?

A

Mediterranean

56
Q

What are the main grapes of the McLaren Vale?

A

Cabernet Sauvignon and Rhone varieties

57
Q

What are the 2 important appellations in the Monty Lofty Range Zone?

A

Adelaide Hills
Clare Valley

58
Q

What is the climate of Adelaide Hills?

A

Cool maritime

59
Q

What are the main grapes of Adelaide Hills?

A

Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc, and Pinot Noir
Good sparkling wines are made here

60
Q

What is the climate of the Clare Valley?

A

Warm continental

61
Q

What is the main grape of the Clare Valley?

A

Riesling

62
Q

What are the 2 unofficial subregions of the Clare Valley?

A

Watervale and Polish Hill

63
Q

What mountain range surrounds Barossa Valley on 3 sides?

A

Mount Loft Ranges

64
Q

What is the most important grape of Barossa Valley?

A

Shiraz

65
Q

How old are some of the vines in Barossa Valley?

A

150 years old

66
Q

Which famous Australian producer is based in Barossa Valley?

A

Penfolds

67
Q

Which appellation sits next to Barossa Valley?

A

Eden Valley

68
Q

Which 5 grapes are most cultivated in the Eden Valley?

A

Chardonnay
Semillon
Sauvignon Blanc
Shiraz
Cabernet Sauvignon

69
Q

What is the name of the famous producer and their flagship wine that comes from the Eden Valley?

A

Henschke with their Hill of Grace cuvee

70
Q

What is the most important region in Western Australia?

A

Margaret River

71
Q

What is the climate of the Margaret River?

A

Maritime

72
Q

What are the 3 dominant white varieties of the Margaret River?

A

Chardonnay
Sauvignon Blanc
Semillon

73
Q

What are the majority of Margaret River red wines based off?

A

Bordeaux blends dominated by Cabernet Sauvignon

74
Q

Where is the Great Southern Region?

A

East of the Margaret River along the southern coastline

75
Q

Where is Tasmania located?

A

It is an island off the coast of Victoria in southeast Australia

76
Q

What is the climate of Tasmania?

A

Cool maritime

77
Q

What are the 4 most popular grapes from Tasmania?

A

Chardonnay
Riesling
Pinot Noir
Cabernet Sauvignon

78
Q

What wine style is of very high quality in Tasmania?

A

Sparkling wines (often traditional method)

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