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Rhone Valley Flashcards

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1
Q

Where is the source and mouth of the Rhone River?

A

The source is in the Swiss mountains, and the mouth is in the French Mediterranean

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2
Q

When did the southern Rhone become the centre of Christian Europe?

A

1309

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3
Q

Until what year was Chateauneuf du Pape property of the papacy?

A

1791

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4
Q

When did Hermitage become famous?

A

18th and 19th centuries

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5
Q

Which appellation in the Rhone Valley became the first AOC in France?

A

Chateauneuf-du-Pape

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6
Q

What is the climate of the Northern Rhone?

A

Warm continental

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7
Q

What is the Mistral Wind?

A

The wind blows down from the Massif Central. The wind can sometimes strip vineyards because it’s so strong. Treelines are used the protect the vines and due to the wind the vineyards are protected from mold and mildew

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8
Q

What are the dominant soils of the Northern Rhone?

A

Soils are mostly heat-retaining granitic and schistous soils
The steep vineyards of the appellations come from outcrops of bedrock

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9
Q

What are the topsoils of the Northern Rhone?

A

Fine sand and loess

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10
Q

What are the topsoils of Condrieu?

A

Arzelle
This is a rich, powdery, decomposed mica

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11
Q

What is the dominant grape of the Northern Rhone?

A

Syrah

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12
Q

What is the northernmost appellation of the northern Rhone?

A

Cote-Rotie

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13
Q

What are the wines of Côte-Rotie?

A

Red wines only produced from Syrah, with up yo 20% Viognier permitted in the wines

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14
Q

What is special about the slopes of Côte-Rotie?

A

They are some of the steepest in France, with the gradient reaching over 55 degrees

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15
Q

Who is the largest and most famous producer of Côte-Rotie?

A

E.Guigal

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16
Q

What are the 2 heartland slopes of Côte-Rotie?

A

Cote Brune and Cote Blonde

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17
Q

What is considered to be the top cru bottling in Côte-Rotie?

A

La Landone

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18
Q

What is the only permitted grape of Condrieu?

A

Viognier

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19
Q

What is the style of Condrieu?

A

The wines tend towards a rich texture with honeyed lushness and intense floral aromas
Styles vary from producer to producer

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20
Q

What wines are produced from Saint Jospeh?

A

Still red and white wines

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21
Q

Where is Saint Joseph?

A

Between Condrieu in the North and Saint-Peray in the south

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22
Q

What is the original commune of Saint Joseph?

A

Tournon-sur-Rhone

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23
Q

Where is Crozes-Hermitage?

A

Behind the Hermitage hill to the north

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24
Q

What wines are produced from Crozes-Hermitage?

A

Still red and white wines

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25
Q

What wines can be produced from Hermitage?

A

Still red and white wines

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26
Q

Who are the 4 major producers of Hermitage?

A

Jean-Louis Chave
Delas
M. Chapoutier
Jaboulet

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27
Q

What method are the dessert wines of Hermitage produced from?

A

Vin de paille

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28
Q

What is the only permitted grape of Cornas?

A

Syrah

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29
Q

What is the style of Cornas wines?

A

Rustic, austere red wines which soften over time

30
Q

What is the soil of Cornas?

A

Naked granitic soils

31
Q

Where is Saint-Peray?

A

South of Saint-Jospeh

32
Q

What grapes are permitted in Saint-Peray?

A

Marsanne and Roussanne

33
Q

What style of wine is Saint-Peray?

A

Traditional method mousseaux

34
Q

What are the 4 minor appellations southeast of Valence on the Drome Tributary in the Rhone Valley?

A

Coteaux de Die
Cremant de Die
Clairette de Die
Chatillon-en-Diois

35
Q

What percentage of Rhone Valley production comes from the Southern Rhone?

A

95%

36
Q

What is the most widely planted Southern Rhone Variety?

A

Grenache

37
Q

What are the 2 red grapes most important in supporting Grenache in the Southern Rhone?

A

Mourvèdre and Syrah

38
Q

Which grape is often used for rose in the Southern Rhone?

A

Cinsault

39
Q

What is the climate of the Southern Rhone?

A

Warm Mediterranean

40
Q

How do many producers choose to deal with the Mistral Wind in the Southern Rhone?

A

They plant the vines at an angle so the wind blows them upright

41
Q

What are the soils surrounding the River Rhone?

A

Alluvial soils over a limestone subsoils

42
Q

What are the other soils found in the Southern Rhone, other than alluvial, due to glacial and river activities?

A

Sand, gravel, and clay

43
Q

What are Galets, and where are they found?

A

They are large, round stones made of quartzite which have been smoothed by the river. They store heat, keeping vines warm overnight
They are found predominantly in Chateauneuf-du-Pape

44
Q

What wine styles are produced in Chateauneuf-du-Pape?

A

Red and white still wines

45
Q

How many distinct grape varieties are permitted in Chateauneuf-du-Pape?

A

13 distinct varieties
There are 18 grapes if the mutations of Grenache and Picpoul are included

46
Q

What is the principle grape in Chateauneuf-du-Pape?

A

Grenache

47
Q

Which Chateauneuf-du-Pape producer is famous for using all permitted grape varieties in their blends?

A

Chateau de Beaucastel

48
Q

Which Chateauneuf-du-Pape is famous for often releasing their wines as 100% Grenache?

A

Chateau Rayas

49
Q

What is the minimum required alcohol for Chateauneuf-du-Pape?

A

12.5%

50
Q

When was the first estate bottled Chateauneuf-du-Pape bottled and by who?

A

1785 by Chateau La Nerthe

51
Q

How are estate bottled wines from Chateauneuf-du-Pape marked today?

A

With a papal cress embossed on the shoulder of the bottle

52
Q

What are the 13 permitted grapes of Chateauneuf-du-Pape?

A

Grenache (Noir/Blanc/Gris)
Mourvèdre
Syrah
Cinsault
Counoise
Picpoul (Noir/Blanc/Gris)
Terret Noir
Bourboulenc
Clairette (Blanc/Rose)
Roussanne
Vaccarese
Picardin
Muscardin

53
Q

What is the largest appellation in the Southern Rhone?

A

Cotes-du-Rhone AOP

54
Q

What is the Cotes-du-Rhone Villages AOP?

A

A superior designation for red, white, and rose wines in a delimited area of the Southern Rhone

55
Q

How many communes may append their name to the Cotes-du-Rhone Villages appellation?

A

22

56
Q

What is Gigondas?

A

An appellation for still red, rose, and white wine within the Cotes-du-Rhone area

57
Q

When was the Gigondas appellation created?

A

1971

58
Q

What are the soils of Gigondas?

A

Red clay and alluvial

59
Q

What are the grape requirements for Gigondas red wines?

A

Minimum 50% Grenache

60
Q

When was Vacqueyras given its own appellation?

A

1990

61
Q

What are the grape requirements for Vacqueyras?

A

Minimum 50% Grenache

62
Q

What are the minimum alcohol requirements for Cotes-du-Rhone villages?

A

12.5%

63
Q

What is Lilac AOP?

A

An appellation in the southern Rhone for still red, white and rose wines

64
Q

Which grapes dominate Lilac AOP?

A

Grenache Noir and Grenache Blanc
Supported by Clairette and Bourboulenc

65
Q

Which Southern Rhone appellation is devoted entirely to rose wine? What grape is used?

A

Tavel AOP
Grenache

66
Q

What are the 2 Southern Rhone appellations which produce the Vin Doux Naturel style of wine?

A

Rasteau AOP
Muscats de Beaumes-de-Venise AOP

67
Q

What is mutage?

A

The process of adding grape spirit to arrest fermentation

68
Q

What grapes is Rasteau Vin Doux Naturel based off?

A

Grenache Blanc, Gris, and Noir

69
Q

What do the labelling terms of Ambre and Tulie mean for Rasteau?

A

Vin Doux Naturel wines with an oxidative character

70
Q

What does the labelling term hors d’age mean on a Rasteau Vin Doux Naturel?

A

Wines that have been matured for a minimum 5 years

71
Q

What does rancio mean?

A

Deliberately oxidised and maderised wines

72
Q

What administration did Costieres des Nimes used to be in?

A

Languedoc

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