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Germany Flashcards

1
Q

Who brought Vitis Vinifera to Germany?

A

The Romans

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2
Q

Who introduced winemaking east of the Rhine River in the 8th century?

A

Emperor Charlemagne

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3
Q

Who founded the Kloster Eberbach monastery in 1136?

A

Burgundian Cistercian monks

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4
Q

What is an alleinbesitz?

A

German for monopole

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5
Q

What is an einzellagen?

A

German for vineyard

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6
Q

What is special about the Steinberg einzellagen?

A

It has been an alleinbesitz of Kloster Eberbach for over 800 years

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7
Q

When did the church’s influence on German wine end?

A

When Napoleon defeated Germany and annexed the Rhine into France in the late 18th century

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8
Q

What was the impact of Napoleon on German vineyard ownership?

A

By the 1960s there were over 30000 vineyard sites throughout West Germany

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9
Q

What happened to German vineyards in 1971?

A

The 30000 vineyards were reorganised and registered into 2600 einzellagen with a minimum size of 5ha (with a few exceptions)

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10
Q

What were Rhine based wines known as in England?

A

Hock

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11
Q

What are Germany’s most planted red and white varieties?

A

Riesling
Spatburgunder (Pinot Noir)

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12
Q

When were Spatlese wines first discovered in Germany?

A

1775 by Schloos Johannisberg

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13
Q

Following the discovery of Spatlese wines, when were the first Auslese and Eisweins produced?

A

1787 for Auslese
1858 for Eiswein

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14
Q

How much of Germany’s plantings are made up of white grapes?

A

2/3

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15
Q

Which 7 white grapes each make up a minimum 2% of vineyard plantings in Germany?

A

Riesling
Muller-Thurgau
Sylavber
Grauburgunder
Weissburgunder
Kerner
Bacchus

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16
Q

What are the 5 red grapes of Germany?

A

Spatburgunder
Dornfelder
Blauer Portugieser
Trollinger
Schwarzriesling

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17
Q

Where is the Geisenheim institute located and when was it founded?

A

Rheingau in the 1872

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18
Q

When was Muller-Thurgau created?

A

1882

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19
Q

What are the 2 parents of Muller-Thurgau?

A

Riesling
Madeleine Royale

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20
Q

What are the 2 tiers of wine quality in Germany?

A

Qualitatswein
Pradikatswein

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21
Q

What is an anbaugebiete?

A

The equivalent to a province/autonomia

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22
Q

How many anbaugebietes does Germany have?

A

13

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23
Q

What are the 6 pradikats of Germany quality and their necessary Ochsle Range?

A

Kabinett = 70-85 degrees
Spatlese = 76-95
Auslese = 83-105
Eiswein = 110-128
Beerenauslese = 110-128
Trockenbeerenauslese = 150-154

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24
Q

What is the Ochsle Scale?

A

The sugar levels in the grapes at harvest measured by degrees

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25
Q

What are the minimum alcohol levels for the Pradikats?

A

Minimum 7% for Kabinett, Spatlese, and Auslese
Minimum 5.5% for Eiswein, BA, and TBA

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26
Q

What number must all Pradikatswein wines carry?

A

An AP number, which a series of 5 sets of numbers

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27
Q

What are many of Germany’s best wines sold under?

A

Qualitatswein with no Pradikat level

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28
Q

What method is generally used for German Sekt?

A

Charmant method

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29
Q

How can German Sekt achieve Qualitatswein level quality?

A

Grapes must come from traditional grapes growing in one of the 13 anbaugebiete

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30
Q

What does the VDP stand for?

A

Verband Deutscher Pradikatsweinguter

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31
Q

When was the VDP setup?

A

1910

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32
Q

What is Charta?

A

An organisation focused on classic, Rheingau Riesling

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33
Q

Roughly how many producers are members of the VDP?

A

200

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34
Q

Prior to 2012, what was the top quality tier within the VDP quality system?

A

Erste Lage (first site/premier cru)

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35
Q

When was the VDP’s 4 tier quality system created and which other quality tier system does it replicate?

A

2012
Burgundy

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36
Q

What are the 4 quality levels within the VDPs quality tier system?

A

Gutswein = Regional Wines
Ortswein = Village Wines
Erste Lage = Premier Cru
Grosse Lage = Grand Cru

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37
Q

What wines may be labelled as Grosses Gewachs (GG)?

A

Dry wines from Grosse Lage sites

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38
Q

How must Erste Lage producers label their dry wines?

A

Trocken, as Grosse Gewachs is reserved for Grosse Lage wines only

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39
Q

Why does GG appear on the labels of Grosses Gewachs wine?

A

Grosses Gewachs is banned from appearing on labels by German Wine Laws, therefore GG is used

40
Q

What are the aging requirements for GG white wines?

A

Cannot be released until September 1st the year following the harvest

41
Q

Must VDP producers bottle wines at their estate?

A

Yes, this is mandatory

42
Q

What is the logo of the VDP?

A

Eagle clasping a cluster of grapes

43
Q

Is the VDP enforceable by law?

A

No, it is not officially recognised by German Wine Law, and is therefore voluntary

44
Q

Where does the Mosel River originate?

A

The Vosges in Alsace, France

45
Q

What are the 2 important tributaries of the Mosel River?

A

Saar
Ruwer

46
Q

Where does the Mosel River meet the Rhine River?

A

Koblenz

47
Q

What are the famous soils of the Mosel Valley?

A

Precipitous slate slopes

48
Q

What is the main grape of the Mosel Valley?

A

Riesling

49
Q

How to producers close their reserve selection bottlings in the Mosel Valley?

A

With a gold capsule, known as goldkapsel

50
Q

What is the climate of the Mosel Valley?

A

Cool continental

51
Q

What are the 6 subregions of the Mosel Valley?

A

Bernkastel
Burg Cochem
Saar
Ruwertal
Obermosel
Moseltor

52
Q

What is another name for the Bernkastel subregion?

A

Mittelmosel

53
Q

What are the soils of the Mittelmosel?

A

Dark blue Devonian slate

54
Q

What is the benefit of slate on vines in the Mosel Valley?

A

They retain heat reflected off the river and coming directly from the sun and slowly release it during the cool nights, keep the vines warm and helping them ripen

55
Q

How are the vines of the Mittelmosel harvested?

A

By hand with the help of cable systems as the slopes are so steep and rocky

56
Q

What is considered the best vineyard in the Mittelmosel?

A

Goldtropfchen vineyard within the Piesport village

57
Q

Where is Burg Cochem?

A

The lower Mosel Valley

58
Q

What are significant about the slopes of Burg Cochem?

A

They are some of the steepest slopes in Europe, with gradients at around 65%

59
Q

Where is the Saar subregion?

A

West of the Mittelmosel around the Saar river

60
Q

What is the greatest vineyard of the Saar Valley?

A

Scharzhofberger

61
Q

Where is the Ruwer subregion located?

A

Northeast of the Saar

62
Q

Where are the Obermosel and Moseltor subregions located?

A

South of the Saar along the Luxembourg border

63
Q

Which 2 producers were first established in the Rheingau?

A

Kloster Eberbach
Schloss Johannisberg

64
Q

What is the main grape of the Rheingau?

A

Riesling

65
Q

What river does the Rheingau run along the north of?

A

The Rhine

66
Q

What are the soils of the Rheingau?

A

The upper slopes are dominated by slate, the lower slopes are a mixture of clay, loess, alluvial sand and red slate

67
Q

What’s the difference between Rieslings from the Mosel and Rheingau?

A

Rheingau Riesling is fuller bodied with a higher concentration

68
Q

Which Rheingau village is dominated by red grapes?

A

Assmannshausen

69
Q

Where is the Rheinhessen located?

A

Directly south of the Rheingau bordering the Rhine which runs to the north and east

70
Q

What is the best quality producing village in the Rheinhessen?

A

Rhienterrasse

71
Q

What are the soils of the best Rheinhessen sites?

A

Red clay and slate

72
Q

What are the 3 most planted grapes of the Rheinhessen?

A

Riesling
Muller-Thurgau
Sylvaner

73
Q

Where is Pfalz located?

A

East of the Mosel Valley, seen as a continuation of the Vosges

74
Q

What is the name of the hills which are a continuation of the Vosges into Pfalz?

A

Haardt Hills

75
Q

What is the climate of Pfalz?

A

Sunny and dry, and warm compared to the Mosel

76
Q

What are the soils of Pfalz?

A

Complex. Layers of red sandstone and limestone with other rock

77
Q

What is the main grape of Pfalz?

A

Riesling

78
Q

Where is the Nahe located?

A

West of the Rheinhessen

79
Q

Which river is the Nahe river a tributary to?

A

The Rhine River

80
Q

What is the premium grapes of Nahe?

A

Riesling

81
Q

Which producer is famous for their rich, sweet pradikat wines from the Nahe?

A

Donnhoff

82
Q

Where is the Ahr located?

A

Northwest of the Mosel

83
Q

What is special about the Ahr?

A

It is the worlds most northerly win region dedicated to red wine

84
Q

What is the dominant grape of the Ahr?

A

Spatburgunder

85
Q

Which mountain shelters the Ahr?

A

Eifel mountains

86
Q

What are the soils of the Ahr?

A

Volcanic slate

87
Q

Where is Franken located?

A

East of the Rheinhessen

88
Q

What river does Franken lie on?

A

River Main

89
Q

What is the best performing grape of Franken?

A

Sylvaner

90
Q

Where is the Mittelrhein located?

A

Northeast of Rheinhessen along the Rhine River

91
Q

Where are Baden and Wurttemberg located?

A

Southern Germany
Baden lies against the French border with Wurttemberg east to the east

92
Q

What is the climate of Baden?

A

Warmest of Germany’s regions

93
Q

What is the dominant grape of Baden and Wurttemberg?

A

Spatburgunder

94
Q

Where are Sachsen and Saale-Unstrut located?

A

East Germany (formerly under Soviet control)

95
Q

What river does the Sachsen region lie on?

A

Elbe River

96
Q

What are the dominant grape varieties of East Germany?

A

Muller-Thurgau and Weissburgunder

97
Q

What is Germany’s northernmost wine growing region?

A

Saale-Unstrut

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