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Austria & Switzerland Flashcards

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1
Q

When did winemaking in Austria first begin?

A

Roman Era

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2
Q

Who helped the development of vines and winemaking in Austria during the 12th and 13th centuries?

A

Charlemagne and the Cistercian Monks

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3
Q

What is the main river historically used for wine trade in Austria?

A

Danube River

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4
Q

When was the first Austrian TBA first recorded?

A

1526

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5
Q

Where and when was viticultural research first started in Austria?

A

Klosterneuburg in 1860

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6
Q

What scandal negatively impacted Austrian wine in the 1980s?

A

The anti-freeze scandal:
- a harmful substance which was diluting wines
- customers cancelled orders and stop buying Austrian wine

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7
Q

Where are the majority of Austrian vineyards located?

A

Eastern half of the country

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8
Q

What are the 4 major regions of Austria?

A

Niederosterreich (Lower Austria)
Wien (Vienna)
Burgenland
Steiermark (Styria)

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9
Q

Which 2 Austrian regions contain 90% of Austrias vineyard plantings?

A

Niederosterreich
Burgenland

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10
Q

Which grape variety occupies 31% of Austrian plantings?

A

Gruner Veltliner

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11
Q

Other than Gruner Veltliner, what are the 5 main white grapes of Austria?

A

Welschriesling
Muller-Thurgau
Weissburgunder
Riesling
Chardonnay

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12
Q

Other than Gruner Veltliner, what are the 5 main white grapes of Austria?

A

Welschriesling
Muller-Thurgau
Weissburgunder
Riesling
Chardonnay

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13
Q

What are the red grapes of Austria?

A

Zweigelt
Blaufrankisch
Blauer Portugieser
Blauburger

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14
Q

What are the 2 parent grapes of Zweigelt?

A

Blaufrankisch x St.Laurent

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15
Q

What are the 3 quality tiers of Austrian wine?

A

Wein
Landwein
Qualitatswein

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16
Q

What is a weinbaugebiet?

A

A wine region

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17
Q

How many varieties can Austrian Qualitatswein be produced from?

A

40

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18
Q

What quality level of Austrian wine is Wein?

A

Table wine, low quality

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19
Q

Which 3 regions must Landwein wines come from?

A

Weinland (covers Niederosterreich, Burgenland, Wien)
Steierland
Bergland

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20
Q

Which categories can Qualitatswein be divided into?

A

Pradikatswein almost identical to that in Germany
DAC (Districtus Austriae Controllatus)

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21
Q

What is the minimum alcohol for Austrian pradikat wine?

A

5%

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22
Q

In Austria, are Kabinett wines part of the Qualitatswein designation of Pradikatswein designation?

A

Qualitatswein

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23
Q

What is Austrian strohwein?

A

Dried grape wine with a minimum sweetness of beerenauslese level

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24
Q

Where do Austria’s best sweet wines come from?

A

Around the lake of Neusiedlersee

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25
Q

How many DACs does Austria have?

A

18

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26
Q

What year was the Austrian Sekt Committee formed?

A

2013

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27
Q

What are the 3 Austrian Sekt PDOs?

A

Sekt Austria
Sekt Austria Reserve
Sekt Austria Grosse Reserve

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28
Q

Which winemaking method can be used for Sekt Austria?

A

Tank method, transfer method or traditional method can be used

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29
Q

What winemaking method must be used for Sekt Austria Reserve?

A

Traditional method

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30
Q

For Sekt Austria Reserve, how long must be the wine spend on the lees and what sweetness levels are allowed?

A

18 months on lees
Brut, Extra Brut, or Brut Nature permitted

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31
Q

Where must grapes come from for Sekt Austria Grosse Reserve?

A

Singe villages or vineyards

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32
Q

How long must Sekt Austria Grosse Reserve be on the lees for, and what are the permitted sweetness levels?

A

36 months on the lees
Brut, Extra Brut, Brut Nature

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33
Q

Where is Niederosterreich located?

A

Lower Austria on the border with Hungary

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34
Q

What is the Ponnonian Plain in Niederosterreich?

A

A former seabed with loess soils

35
Q

What is the climate of Niederosterreich?

A

Continental

36
Q

What is the main river which flows through Niederosterreich?

A

Danube River

37
Q

How many DACs does Niederosterreich have?

A

8

38
Q

What are the requirements for DAC wines from Weinviertal ?

A

Must be made from Gruner Veltliner
Must have 12% ABV
Must be approved by a tasting panel, with the wines showing a distinct peppery notes with no obvious wood or botrytis notes

39
Q

What are the requirements for Reserve DAC wines from Weinviertal?

A

Must be Gruner Veltliner
Minimum 13% ABV
May reveal subtle hints of botrytis or wood

40
Q

What is the largest subzone of Niederosterreich?

A

Weinviertal

41
Q

Where is Weinviertal located with Niederosterreich?

A

North of the Danube River

42
Q

What are the requirements for DAC wines from Traisental, Kremstal, and Kamptal?

A

Wines can be made from Gruner Veltliner or Riesling as Klassik or Reserve wine
Minimum 12% ABV for Klassik and 13% for Reserve
Tasting panel approval with no obvious wood or botrytis for Klassik wine

43
Q

Where are Kremstal and Kamptal located?

A

Along the Krems and Kamp rivers which are tributaries to the Danube in Niederosterreich

44
Q

How do many Austrian producers indicate single village or vineyard wines?

A

With the word Ried, replacing the word village and indicating a top site

45
Q

What is the Osterreichische Traditionsweinguter?

A

An Austrian organisation of wine producers

46
Q

As of 2019, how many Erste Lages are within Traisental, Kamptal, and Kremstal?

A

81

47
Q

Where is Wachau?

A

The westernmost subregion of Niederosterreich

48
Q

What terroir are the best Wachau vineyards found on?

A

Steep terraced slopes on the north bank of the Danube River with a combination of loess and gneiss soils

49
Q

What are the grapes of Wachau?

A

Gruner Veltliner and Riesling

50
Q

What is the 3 tier quality hierarchy of Wachau?

A

Gebietsweine (regional) from 17 grape varieties
Ortsweine (village) from 9 permitted varieties
Riedenweine (single vineyard) from Gruner Veltliner or Riesling

51
Q

What 3 stylistic categories were created within Wachau in the 1980s?

A

Steinfeder
Federspiel
Smaragd

52
Q

Where is Wagram located?

A

West of Wachau within Niederosterreich

53
Q

When was Wagram awarded DAC status?

A

2022

54
Q

What is the main white and red grape of Wagram?

A

White - Gruner Veltliner
Red - Roter Veltliner

55
Q

Where are Carnuntim and Thermenrgion located?

A

Subregions in the south of Vienna not near the Danube River

56
Q

What type of wines are Burgenland known for?

A

High quality red and sweet wines

57
Q

Which country does Burgenland border?

A

Hungary

58
Q

What is the climate of Burgenland?

A

Hot continental, with temperatures tempered by the Neusiedlersee lake

59
Q

What are the 6 DACs of Burgenland?

A

Mittelburgenland
Leithaberg
Eisenberg
Neusiedlersee
Rosalia
Rust

60
Q

What is the main grape of Mittelburgenland?

A

Blaufrankisch

61
Q

How must red wines from Mittelburgenland be aged?

A

Must use large casks or used wood barriques
Cannot be released before August 1st year after harvest

62
Q

What is special about Leithaberg?

A

It’s the first DAC zone to allow for red and white wine?

63
Q

What are the main grapes for Leithaberg?

A

Whites:
- Gruner Veltliner
- Chardonnay
- Weissburgunder

Red:
- Blaufrankisch

64
Q

What wines does Esienberg produce?

A

Reds based off Blaufrankisch

65
Q

What grapes are the red wines of Neusiedlersee based off?

A

Zweigelt

66
Q

What grapes are utilised in wines from Rosalia?

A

Blaufrankisch and Zweigelt

67
Q

What style of wine is Rust DAC famous for?

A

Ausbruch, a traditional sweet wine

68
Q

Which other sweet wine region is the production of Rust sweet wine similar to?

A

Tokaj

69
Q

Where is Styria (Steiermark) located?

A

In the Alpine mountains south of Burgenland

70
Q

What are the 3 subregions of Styria?

A

Sudsteiermark
Weststeiermark
Bulkanland Steiermark

71
Q

What is the most cultivated grape variety of Steiermark?

A

Sauvignon Blanc

72
Q

What are the 4 languages of Switzerland?

A

French
German
Italian
Romansch

73
Q

What are the 4 most cultivated white grapes of Switzerland?

A

Chasselas
Muller-Thurgau
Chardonnay
Sylvaner

74
Q

What are the 3 most cultivated red grapes of Switzerland?

A

Pinot Noir
Gamay
Merlot

75
Q

How much of Switzerland wine production is consumed domestically?

A

90%

76
Q

What are the 2 main wine regions of Switzerland?

A

Valais and Vaud

77
Q

Where is Valais located?

A

Near the source of the Rhone River. It is the river’s northernmost appellation

78
Q

What is the climate of Valais?

A

Continental

79
Q

What are the main grapes of Valais?

A

Chasselas
Pinot Noir
Gamay

80
Q

What is Vin des Glacier?

A

A rare old Swiss wine produced from the old indigenous grapes of Reze. The wine is madeirised and stored in high altitude soleras

81
Q

Where is Vaud located?

A

The shores of Lake Geneva bordering Jura in France

82
Q

What is the main grape of Vaud?

A

Chasselas

83
Q

What are the 2 grand cru villages of Vaud?

A

Dezaley and Calamin

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