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First Semester (BSMT) > SOFTWARE APPLICATIONS AND NETWORKING SYSTEM USED IN SEAGOING SHIP (PRELIM) > Flashcards

SOFTWARE APPLICATIONS AND NETWORKING SYSTEM USED IN SEAGOING SHIP (PRELIM) Flashcards

1
Q

is a machine or device that performs processes, calculations and operations based on instructions provided by a software or hardware program

A

computer.

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2
Q

It is designed to execute applications and provides a variety of solutions by combining integrated hardware and software components.

A

computer

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3
Q

The physical and tangible parts of the computer – sometimes referred to as computer equipment, devices, or peripherals

A

Hardware

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4
Q

Hardware is the

A

physical and tangible parts of the computer

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5
Q

The programs that contain instructions for the computer to follow, perform, or execute

A

Software

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6
Q

Software are

A

programs

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7
Q

Sometimes referred to as Information Processing Cycle

A

Computer Operations

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8
Q

Users enter data (or input) into the computer system

A

input

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9
Q

Data entered is processed and undergo operations.

A

process

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10
Q

Processed data is presented as information

A

output

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11
Q

Information is saved to be used later

A

storage

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12
Q

Information Processing Cycle

A

input, process, output, storage

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13
Q

major components of a computer system

A

CPU (ALU, Control unit, main memory)

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14
Q

control unit:

A

input unit, output unit

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15
Q

the main processor of the computer

A

Central Processing Unit (CPU) -

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16
Q

performs the arithmetic(mathematical) and logical (boolean, true/false) operations

A

Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) -

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17
Q

the RAM where results from operations are stored

A

Memory -

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18
Q

devices used to enter data to the computer

A

Input -

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19
Q

devices used to display/print the result from operations

A

Output -

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20
Q

Computer Operations: five

A

Central Processing Unit (CPU), Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU), Memory, Input, Output

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20
Q

Advantages of UsingComputers

A

Speed, Reliability, Consistency, Storage, Communications

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21
Q

Computers process billions of operations in a second, or even faster

A

speed

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22
Q

Components of modern computers are dependable.

A

Reliability

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23
Q

Computers produce the same output, perform the same process, for the same set of (correct) inputs.

A

Consistency

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24
Q

Store enormous amounts of data and make this available

A

Storage

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25
Q

Can communicate with other computers (through communications networks)

A

Communications

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26
Q

Disadvantages of UsingComputers

A

Health Risks, Impact to Labor, Impact to Environment, Public Safety, Violation of Privacy

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27
Q

Use of computers for a long period of times has proven to cause some health risks.

A

Health Risks

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28
Q

Computers can perform repetitive tasks with high accuracy compared to humans

A

Impact to Labor

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29
Q

A challenge to the environment is the disposal of computer waste.

A

Impact to Environment

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30
Q

When wrong inputs are entered, thus, wrong results can cause catastrophe, especially to the general public

A

Public Safety

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31
Q

Computers can be used to monitor or track people’s activities.

A

Violation of Privacy

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32
Q

is the physical part of the computer system

A

hardware

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33
Q

consists of components inside a computer as well as the external devices that interact with it

A

hardware

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34
Q

it is designed for only one person to use at a time

A

personal computer or PC

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35
Q

Personal computers fall into several categories that are differentiated from another by their sizes:

A

Desktop PC, Notebook, Tablet, Smartphone

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36
Q

A computer designed to be used at a desk, and seldom moved

A

Desktop PC

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37
Q

This type of computer consists of a large metal box called system unit that contains most of the essential components.

A

Desktop PC

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38
Q

Desktop PC consists of a large metal box called _that contains most of the essential components.

A

system unit

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39
Q

it also has a monitor(computer screen), keyboard, and a mouse that all plug into the system unit

A

Desktop PC

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40
Q

A portable computer designed to fold up like a notebook for carrying

A

Notebook PC

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41
Q

the cover opens up to reveal a built-in screen, keyboard, and pointing device (touchpad, which substitutes for a mouse)

A

Notebook PC

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42
Q

This type of computer is sometimes called a laptop

A

Notebook PC

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43
Q

A smaller version of this is sometimes referred to as _

A

netbook (Internet book).

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44
Q

A portable computer that consists of a touch-sensitive display screen mounted on a plastic frame with a small computer inside.

A

Tablet PC

45
Q

There is no built-in keyboard or pointing device; a software-based keyboard pops up onscreen when needed, and your finger sliding on the screen serves as the pointing device

A

Tablet PC

46
Q

it can run computer applications and has Internet access capability

A

Smartphone

47
Q

usually have a touch-sensitive screen, provide voice calls, text messaging, and Internet access

A

Smartphones

48
Q

Many have a variety of location-aware app, such as a _

A

lobal positioning system (GPS) and mapping app

49
Q

are designed to serve groups of people, from a small office to a huge international enterprise or company.

A

Multi-user computers

50
Q

Multi-user computers, just like personal computers, have a number of types

A

Server, Mainframe, Supercomputer

51
Q

A computer dedicated to serving and supporting a network, a group of network users, and/or their information needs

A

server

52
Q

centrally accessible storage space for data

A

database server

53
Q

share common devices like printers and scanners

A

print server

54
Q

provide services such email _ and programs _

A

(mail server) and (application server)

55
Q

A large and powerful computer capable of processing and storing large amounts of business data

A

Mainframe

56
Q

is a large cabinet, or a series of cabinets, each about the size of a refrigerator

A

modern mainframe unit

57
Q

are mostly used by corporations, government agencies, and banks – organizations that need a way to store large quantities of information

A

Mainframe

58
Q

Mainframes are mostly used by

A

corporations, government agencies, and banks

59
Q

organizations that need a way to store large quantities of information

A

corporations, government agencies, and banks

60
Q

The largest and most powerful type of computer available, occupying large rooms and even entire floors of a building.

A

Supercomputer

61
Q

are often employed in fields such as cryptanalysis (code-breaking), molecular modeling, weather forecasting, and climate mapping.

A

Supercomputer

62
Q

Supercomputer are often employed in fields such as

A

cryptanalysis (code-breaking), molecular modeling, weather forecasting, and climate mapping.

63
Q

are typically used in high-tech academic, governmental, and scientific research facilities

A

Supercomputers

64
Q

Categories of Computers

A

Personal Computers, Multi-User Computers

65
Q

types of Personal Computers

A

Desktop PC, Notebook PC, Tablet PC, Smartphone

66
Q

types of Multi-User Computers

A

Server, Mainframe, Supercomputer

67
Q

is a complete interconnected environment in which raw data – quantifiable facts and figures – is turned into useful information

A

information system

68
Q

quantifiable facts and figures

A

raw data

69
Q

An information system (IS) includes the following parts:

A

people, hardware, software, procedure, data, networks

70
Q

Components of Information Systems

A

Networks, Hardware, Software/Apps, Procedures, Data, People

71
Q

If you think about it, the only reason computers exist is to help _ accomplish their goals. Therefore, when planning an IS, it’s critical to understand what the _ hope to get out of it.

A

IS Components: People

72
Q

The first step in planning an information system is to _

A

analyze the requirements of the people/user

73
Q

When most people think of computers, they immediately think of

A

hardware

74
Q

The hardware includes

A

circuit boards, input devices, output devices

75
Q

with silicon chips and transistors mounted on them

A

circuit boards

76
Q

(keyboard, mouse)

A

input devices

77
Q

(monitors, printers)

A

output devices

78
Q

a program that tells the hardware what to do

A

software

79
Q

There are many levels of software, including:

A

Operating System, Application Software

80
Q

software Operating System

A

(Windows, MacOS)

81
Q

Application Software

A

(Word Processor -MS Word, Spreadsheet - MS Excel)

82
Q

The software doesn’t run itself (usually).People must interact with the computer to tell it what software to run

A

IS Components: Procedures

83
Q

You can learn procedures from the _ in the app, printed manual, from training, or by trial and error

A

online Help system

84
Q

Computer programs operate upon the data they receive. Recall that raw data, after it has undergone some process, becomes information

A

IS Components: Data

85
Q

The IS component that made it possible for independent computer systems to share data

A

IS Components: Networks

86
Q

make it possible to share and transfer not just computer data, but a wide variety of information – including voice, video, and images

A

data communications networks

87
Q

The _ of information comes from the _ it possesses:

A

value, characteristics

88
Q

Critical Characteristics of Information

A

Availability, Accuracy, Authenticity, Confidentiality, Integrity, Utility, Possession

89
Q

enables authorized users –persons or computer systems – to access information without interference or obstruction and to receive it in the required format

A

Availability

90
Q

Information has _ when it is free from mistakes or errors and it has the value that the end user expects.

A

accuracy

91
Q

(example) The information reflected in your checking account, bank account

A

accuracy

92
Q

(example) Research libraries that allow researchers with valid identification

A

Availability

93
Q

(example) Grades viewed online through the school management system

A

Availability

94
Q

is the quality or state of being genuine or original, rather than a reproduction or fabrication.

A

Authenticity

95
Q

(example) Receiving an important email

A

Authenticity

96
Q

(example) Receiving a text message that you have been qualified for a prize

A

Authenticity

97
Q

when it is protected from disclosure or exposure to unauthorized individuals or system

A

confidentiality

97
Q

Ensures that only those with the rights and privileges to access information are able to do so

A

Confidentiality

98
Q
A
99
Q

Interdependent with other characteristics – closely related to privacy

A

Confidentiality

99
Q

Example: employee throwing away a document with critical information

A

Confidentiality

100
Q

when it is whole, complete, and uncorrupted

A

integrity

101
Q

is threatened when information is exposed to corruption

A

integrity

102
Q

look out for file unusual file size, file hashing, retransmission (done in data communications)

A

integrity

103
Q

is the quality or state of having value for some purpose or end

A

utility

104
Q

(example) Census data used by politicians during election period

A

utility

105
Q

(example)Market share data used by competitors

A

utility

106
Q

is the quality or state of ownership or control

A

possession

107
Q

if one obtains it, independent of format or other characteristics

A

possession

108
Q

(example) a copy of your approved insurance policy

A

possession

First Semester (BSMT) (22 decks)

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