Social Psychology (Sociology) (8-10%) Flashcards
Pluralistic Ignorance
tendency of people to look toward others for cues about how to act, particularly in emergency situations
Altruism
inborn trait that prompts individuals to engage in acts of selfless sacrifice for others without the expectation of a reward
Actor Observer Error Bias
combining both; when something bad happens; the tendency to attribute our own behavior to situational causes and the behavior of others to personal causes
Bloomer Study
an experiment in which teachers were told to expect certain students to be smart, they treated those students differently
result- expectation became reality-kids who were expected to do well did. reason was due to different treatment, ethical concerns for students not expected to “bloom”, used study to point out differences in minority achievement
Contact Theory
equal status contact between antagonistic groups should lower tension and harmony
-believed prejudices are learned so they can be unlearned through exposure
Central Route of Persuasion
use of facts, figures and information
Cognitive Dissonance
when your behavior and your attitude contradict- hypocrite
Reciprocity
give a small gift to someone and after they accept it, ask them for a donation
Aggression is Believed to be…
Frued believed it was a natural human instinct
-others see some cultures are more aggressive than others
Sociology/Social Psychology
the study of how groups and cultures shape our perceptions, attitudes, and behaviors
-looks at social and situational factors
-behaviors are influenced by actions and qualities of others
Social Group
two or more individuals that share common goals and interests
Norms
rules that apply to all members of the group and govern acceptable behavior and attitudes
-allow for smooth social interactions
-predict behavior
Violate a Norm
exclusion and ridicule from group
-this can mean prison
Normative Social Influence
the influence of other people that leads us to conform in order to be liked and accepted by them
Stanford Prison Study
guard or prison in a moch prison
-flip a coin
-6 days
-power of their role to humiliate other people
Stanford Prison Study Proved…
proved how quickly we adapt a role and that people often abuse power over others
-proved that situations can have powerful effects on morality and identity
Group Interaction
assume leadership roles, other people will help in other ways
Social Loafer
someone who is a slacker
As group size increases
the amount of work performed decreases per person
Deindividuation
loss of self awareness and tendency to engage in behavior that it unusual or uncharacteristic
-can be good or bad
Social Facilitation
tendency to perform well learned tasks better in front of others
Social Impairment/Inhibitions
when learning or performing in front of a group people tend to get nervous and not do well
Group Polarization
when a group of like minded people reach decisions that are more extreme than those made by the individuals separately
Group Think
consequence of group polarization
-group think is when like minded people are unwilling to voice opposition to the group
-challenger explosion, bay of pigs
Bystander Effect
diffusion of responsibility says the more people there are the likely you will act the fewer people there are the more likely you will act
Attribution Theory
developed as a way to understand the casual factors of our behavior
-why people do what they do
Dispositional (personal) Attribute
the individual is responsible for their actions
Situational Attribution
factors in the environment explain why someone acted the way they did
