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AP Psych Final Review > Psychological Disorders (7-9%) > Flashcards

Psychological Disorders (7-9%) Flashcards

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1
Q

DIverted Attention

A

unable to focus attention

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2
Q

Paranoid Schizophrenia

A

delusions of persecution and grandeur and reference
misinterpretation of reality

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3
Q

Dopamine Hypothesis

A

chemical imbalance in the brain of too much dopamine

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4
Q

Schizoid Personality Disorder

A

characterized by a lack of interest in social relationships, being a loner, secretiveness, emotional coldness and apathy
affected individuals may also demonstrate a rich internal fantasy world

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5
Q

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)

A

obsession- uncontrollable pattern of thoughts
compulsion- repeatedly perform irrational actions

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6
Q

Somatic Symptom Disorders

A

physical symptoms with no cause

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7
Q

Somantization Disorder

A

complaints about vague and unverifiable medical conditions such as dizziness, heart palpitations, nausea

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8
Q

Conversion Disorder

A

emotional difficulties are turned into loss of physiological functioning with no actual physical damage
-fainting, paralysis, blind, deaf

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9
Q

Hypochondriasis

A

person in good health becomes preoccupied with imaginary ailments

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10
Q

Dissociative Disorders

A

disruption of conscious process like memory, identity or consciousness

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11
Q

Dissociative Amnesia

A

this disorder is characterized by a blocking out of critical personal information, usually of a traumatic or stressful nature

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12
Q

Dissociative Fugue

A

amnesia plus active flight to a different environment
-no clue who or where they are

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13
Q

Dissociative Identity Disorder

A

AKA multiple personally disorder
-two or more distinct personalities of any age or sex that often oppose each other

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14
Q

Mood Disorders

A

marked by extreme or inappropriate emotion

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15
Q

Major Depressive Disorder

A

person experiences feelings of despair, hopelessness, and diminished pleasure in many activities
-illogical conclusions about themselves and their environment
-unhappy for long periods of time
-low serotonin

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16
Q

Seasonal Affective Disorder

A

depression that recurs, usually during the winter months in the northern latitudes
-caused by lack of sunlight

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17
Q

Bipolar Disorder

A

inappropriately happy or unhappy
-marked by periods of mania alternating with longer periods of major depression

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18
Q

Mania

A

elation, confusion, racing thoughts, exaggerated self esteem, irresponsible behavior, unending optimism

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19
Q

Depressive

A

feelings of failure/despair
-same as major depression
-some have a large break in between and others don’t

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20
Q

Learned Helplessness

A

feeling of futility that results from inability to avoid repeated bad luck

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21
Q

Suicide Attempts

A

more women then men attempt suicide but more men succeed

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22
Q

Schizophrenia

A

disorder characterized by problems with distorted cognition

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23
Q

Positive Symptoms

A

excesses in behavior, thought, or mood
-things are added

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24
Q

Negative Symptoms

A

deficits like flat affect (emotionless) or catatonia

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25
Q

Catatonia

A

frozen, still

26
Q

Delusions

A

false beliefs maintained in the face of contrary evidence
-delusions of persecution and grandeur

27
Q

Hallucinations

A

false sensory perceptions, such as the experience of seeing, hearing, or otherwise perceiving something that is not present
-voices are most common

28
Q

Disorganized Schizophrenia

A

behaviors includes incoherent speech, inappropriate mood, hallucinations, delusional thoughts
-may make no sense when talking and acting in a very bizarre way that is inappropriate
-laughing in a funeral

29
Q

Catatonic Schizophrenia

A

disordered movement patterns of frenzied and excited behavior
-statue state

30
Q

Causes of Schizophrenia

A

dopamine hypothesis, diathesis-stress model, deterioration of brain tissue, genetics

31
Q

Diathesis Stress Model

A

schizophrenia is caused by a genetic vulnerability coupled with environmental and psychological stressors

32
Q

Personality Disorders

A

seem abnormal because unable to establish meaningful relationships assume social responsibilities or adapt to social environment

33
Q

Paranoid Personality Disorder

A

unwarranted suspiciousness and mistrust (males)

34
Q

Histrionic Personality Disorder

A

excessively dramatic seeking attention, tending to overreact (females)

35
Q

Narcissistic Personality Disorder

A

unrealistically self important; manipulative; expects special treatment; can’t take criticism (males)

36
Q

Borderline Personality Disorder

A

emotionally unstable; impulsive; irritable; prone to boredom (females)

37
Q

Dependent Personality Disorder

A

clinging behavior, has difficulty making everyday decisions without an excessive amount of advice and reassurance from others

38
Q

Antisocial Personality Disorder

A

AKA sociopath, psychopath
-selfish, treat people as objects, thrill seeking, no shame or guilt, manipulative, can mimic emotions they do not feel

39
Q

Paraphilia or Psychosexual Disorder

A

sexual attraction to an object, person, or activity not usually seen as sexual

40
Q

Masochist

A

one who enjoys his or her own pain and suffering
males are better than females mindset

41
Q

Sadist

A

one who takes pleasure in hurting someone else

42
Q

Drugs and Alcohol

A

they can change the chemical makes up of the brain and cause disorders like addiction or schizophrenia

43
Q

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

A

a disorder characterized by restlessness, inattentiveness, and impulsivity
-1 to 10 ratio girls to boys
-fastest growing disorder in the U.S.

44
Q

Autism

A

neurological disorder; lack of responsiveness to others; impairment in verbal and nonverbal communications; very limited actions and interests; often engage in repetitive behaviors

45
Q

Down Syndrome

A

genetic condition caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21

46
Q

Who determines what is abnormal?

A

society

47
Q

Abnormal Behavior

A

behavior that is personally distributing or disabling or culturally so deviant that others judge it as inappropriate

48
Q

Insanity

A

legally not knowing right from wrong

49
Q

Psychoanalytic Causes of Behavior

A

results from internal conflict in the unconscious stemming from early childhood traumas

50
Q

Humanist Causes of Abnormal Behavior

A

conditions of worth that society places on the individual, results in poor self concept, self esteem or persons feeling

51
Q

Biological Causes of Abnormal Behavior

A

inherited or brain disorders, neurochemical and or hormonal imbalances or structural damage

52
Q

Cognitive Causes of Abnormal Behavior

A

irrational and illogical perceptions and belief systems

53
Q

Sociocultural Causes of Abnormal Behavior

A

social ills such as racism, sexism, and poverty lie at the heart of psychological disorders

54
Q

DSM-5

A

offers a common language and standard criteria for the classification of mental disorders
-description of symptoms
-not causes or treatments

55
Q

Psychological Disorders

A

it is only when they disrupt everyday life that it is thought of as a disorder or illness

56
Q

Anxiety

A

vague feeling that one is in danger
-seems unable to free themselves from recurring worries and fears
-difficult to make decisions and enjoy life

57
Q

Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)

A

always anxious, apprehensive, feelings of danger
-worry about many things that go from one to another
-muscle tension and inability to relax

58
Q

Phobia

A

irrational fear of a particular object, activity or situation
-possibly through classical conditioning

59
Q

Specific Phobia

A

involve public scrutiny
-fear of a situation in public where you could embarrass yourself

60
Q

Agoraphobia

A

fear of open public spaces

61
Q

Panic Disorder

A

sudden and explainable attacks of intense fear, feelings of inevitable doom or death

62
Q

Panic Attack

A

choking, chest pain, dizziness, trembling, hot flashes, nausea

AP Psych Final Review (13 decks)

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