Social Cognition

Question 1

social psychology

Answer 1

the study of the impact of a person or group’s thoughts, feelings, and behaviors on another person’s thoughts feelings, and behaviors

Question 2

social cognition

Answer 2

study of how we interpret, analyze, remember, and use information about the social world

Question 3

social perception

Answer 3

we think we see the world in an objective way

constructed in the mind

Question 4

attribution

Answer 4

inference that people draw about the cause of an event, others’ behavior, and their own behavior

Question 5

internal attribution

Answer 5

pinpoint causation of behavior to personal dispositions, traits, abilities, and feelings
aka dispositional attribution

Question 6

external attribution

Answer 6

pinpoint causation of behavior to situational demands and environmental constraints
aka situational attribution

Question 7

attribution biases

Answer 7

correspondence bias
actor-observer bias
self-serving bias
belief perseverance
optimism bias
just world belief
overconfidence phenomenon
defensive attribution

Question 8

correspondence bias

Answer 8

attributing others’ behaviors to internal dispositions or external situations
aka fundamental attribution error

Question 9

actor-observer bias

Answer 9

tendency to make internal attributions for others’ behaviors and external attributions for one’s own behavior

Question 10

self-serving bias

Answer 10

tendency to perceive ourselves favorably

Question 11

belief perseverance

Answer 11

tendency to maintain beliefs even after they have been discredited

Question 12

optimism bias

Answer 12

belief that bad things only happen to others

Question 13

just world belief

Answer 13

belief that bad things happen to bad people, and good things happen to good people

Question 14

overconfidence phenomenon

Answer 14

tendency to overestimate the accuracy of one’s beliefs

Question 15

defensive attribution

Answer 15

tendency to blame victims for their misfortune, so that one feels less likely to be victimized similarly

Question 16

cognitive dissonance

Answer 16

unpleasant state of psychological arousal resulting from an inconsistency within one’s important attitudes, beliefs, or behaviors.

Question 17

counterattitudinal action

Answer 17

a behavior that is inconsistent with an existing attitude

Question 18

postdecisional dissonance

Answer 18

the conflict one feels between the knowledge that one has made a decision and the possibility that the decision may be wrong

Question 19

persuasion

Answer 19

process of guiding another to adopt an idea, belief, or action

Question 20

routes of persuasion

Answer 20

central and peripheral

Question 21

central route of persuasion

Answer 21

being persuaded by the arguments of the message

Question 22

peripheral route of persuasion

Answer 22

being persuaded by the environmental characteristics of the message

Question 23

elements of persuasion

Answer 23

source
message
channel
receiver

Question 24

source

Answer 24

the communicator; who/what gives the message

Question 25

message

Answer 25

what is said

Question 26

channel

Answer 26

means of communication, how the message is said

Question 27

receiver

Answer 27

to whom the message is said to; the audience

Question 28

attitudes

Answer 28

positive or negative beliefs and feelings towards people, objects, events, etc.
based on personal experiences

Question 29

explicit attitudes

Answer 29

attitudes that are held consciously and can be readily described

Question 30

implicit attitudes

Answer 30

attitudes that are covert, expressed in subtle automatic responses, and have little conscious control

Question 31

prejudice

Answer 31

negative affect about members of a group

Question 32

discrimination

Answer 32

negative behavior toward members of a group

Question 33

stereotype

Answer 33

negative cognition about members of a group