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PSYCH 111 > Sensation > Flashcards

Sensation Flashcards

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1
Q

sensation

A

detection of energy in the environment and converting it into a neural impulse

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2
Q

perception

A

the representation, organization, and interpretation of information in the brain

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3
Q

bottom-up processing

A

progression from individual elements to the whole in form perception

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4
Q

top-down processing

A

progression from whole to its individual elements in form perception

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5
Q

absolute threshold

A

minimum stimulation detected

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6
Q

detection

A

sensory process + decision

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7
Q

just noticeable difference

A

the smallest difference detected between two similar objects

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8
Q

Weber’s Law

A

more background means more stimulation needed to detect a difference

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9
Q

sensory adaptation

A

decreased receptor response after a prolonged unchanged stimulation

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10
Q

visible light spectrum

A

the range of wavelengths that the human eye can detect

400-750 nm

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11
Q

light properties

A

wave frequency, amplitude, and purity

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12
Q

structures of the eye

A 
retina
pupil
iris
cornea
lens
optic nerve
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13
Q

rods

A

visual receptors that are responsive to dull light

have a key role in night vision and peripheral vision

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14
Q

cones

A

visual receptors that code for color and detail

have a key role in daylight vision and color vision

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15
Q

light wave frequency

A

light property that codes for color

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16
Q

light wave amplitude

A

light property that codes for brightness

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17
Q

light wave purity

A

light property that cods for saturation

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18
Q

sound properties

A

wave frequency, amplitude, and complexity

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19
Q

sound wave frequency

A

sound property that codes for pitch

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20
Q

sound wave amplitude

A

sound property that codes for loudness

21
Q

complexity

A

sound property that codes for timbre

22
Q

structures of the ear

A 
pinna
auditory canal
ossicles
eardrum
auditory nerve 
cochlea
23
Q

adaptive functions of smell

A 
attraction 
repulsion
memory
lust
hunger
spirituality
24
Q

olfactory cilia

A

olfactory receptors that are hairlike and are located in the upper portion of the nasal passages

25
Q

tastes we detect

A 
sweet
salty
sour
bitter 
unami
26
Q

sweetness

A

taste that indicates an energy source

27
Q

saltiness

A

taste that indicates sodium

28
Q

sourness

A

taste that indicates a potential toxic acid

29
Q

bitterness

A

indicates a potential poison

30
Q

unami

A

indicates a protein source

31
Q

gustatory receptors

A

clusters of taste cells found in the taste buds

32
Q

feelings coded through touch

A

touch
temperature
pressure
pain

33
Q

touch receptors

A

thermoreceptor
Meissner’s corpuscle
nociceptor
pacinian corpuscle

34
Q

thermoreceptor

A

senses heat or cold

35
Q

Meissner’s corpuscle

A

senses touch

36
Q

nociceptor

A

senses pain

37
Q

pacinian corpuscle

A

sense pressure

38
Q

lens

A

focuses the light rays falling on the retina

is transparent

39
Q

iris

A

regulates the amount of light entering the eye

40
Q

pupil

A

opening the center of the iris that allows light to pass into the back of the eye

41
Q

retina

A

neural tissue lining the inside back surface of the eye
absorbs light
processes images
sends visual information to the brain

42
Q

optic nerve

A

sends sensory information to the brain’s visual cortex

43
Q

cochlea

A

coiled tunnel that houses the receptors for hearing

44
Q

pinna

A

collects sounds

45
Q

eardrum

A

membrane that vibrates in response to sounds

46
Q

ossicles

A

3 tiniest bones in the body - hammer, anvil, and stirrup

amplifies tiny changes in air pressure

47
Q

auditory canal

A

funnels sound waves to the eardrum

48
Q

auditory nerve

A

sends sensory information to the brain

PSYCH 111 (22 decks)

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