Perception

Question 1

Gestalt principles

Answer 1

innate rules that guide perception patterns

Question 2

figure-ground

Answer 2

background is seen as farther away than the figure

Question 3

closure

Answer 3

incomplete stimuli are formed into finished objects

Question 4

proximity

Answer 4

physically grouped objects are grouped together

Question 5

continuity

Answer 5

continuous lines are perceived over discontinuous ones

Question 6

similarity

Answer 6

similar objects are grouped together

Question 7

cognitive style

Answer 7

the tendency to perceive in a particular way

Question 8

field dependence

Answer 8

focus on background

Question 9

field independence

Answer 9

focus on central objects

Question 10

perceptual sets

Answer 10

predispositions to interpret stimuli in particular ways

depends on context and expectations

Question 11

perceptual constancies

Answer 11

the perception of an object is seen as constant under changing conditions
depends on shape, size, and color

Question 12

monocular cues

Answer 12

the size of the retinal image depends on distance

Question 13

binocular cues

Answer 13

retinal images differ slightly in each of our eyes

Question 14

linear perceptive

Answer 14

narrow parallel lines are perceived further away than wide ones

Question 15

texture gradient

Answer 15

denser and less distinct texture is perceived as further away

Question 16

interposition

Answer 16

overlapped objects are perceived as further away

Question 17

relative size

Answer 17

when expected to be the same size, smaller objects are perceived as further away

Question 18

height in plane

Answer 18

objects low in the field are perceived as close; objects high in the field are perceived as further away

Question 19

light and shadow

Answer 19

patterns of light and dark suggest shadows that can create an impression of 3D forms

Question 20

optical illusions

Answer 20

visually perceived images that differ from objective reality

caused by physiology and cognition

Question 21

physiology

Answer 21

excessive stimulation of brightness, color, size, position, tilt, and movement on the eyes and brain

Question 22

cognition

Answer 22

unconscious inferences

Question 23

change blindness

Answer 23

failure to notice unexpected objects or changes