Social Behaviour

Question 1

What is the most powerful predictor of friendship in relationship? What are the exceptions?

Answer 1

• Geographical proximity will make you like a person
• Mere exposure effect: the more you are expose to new people or objects the more you start to like them- applies to everything in life

Question 2

How we gear physical attractions

Answer 2

• facial attraction is more important than all the other traits
• high sexual dimorphism is what attracts males from females and vice versa
• people respond mostly to average attractions
• unrelated physiological arousal can also affect the rate pf attractions

Question 3

what roles do similarities play in attractions?

Answer 3

• similarity is a huge aspect of attractions and allows people to stay together (race, religion, age etc..)
• Perceived similarity: can help people stay together

Question 4

what is certain biases that can arise when getting close to a person?

Answer 4

• Similarity bias: we won’t make time for people who are not close to us
• Projection bias: when we assume people share the same belief as us
• False consensus: when we assume people agree with what we do

Question 5

Explain the Harlow monkey experiment

Answer 5

• They wanted to find out what causes attachment between mother and child
• Experiment:
  
  • separate monkey from mother and given the choice of two subtiture mother- baby monkey overwhelmed prefer a cloth mother and stayed clingy

Question 6

What is the secure and insecure attachments?

Answer 6

• Until 8 months babies can be passed around but after 8 month the stranger anxiety kicks in

Question 7

What is Mary Ainsworth’s strange situation?

Answer 7

• it is an experiment that was set in place to see why babies had stranger’s anxiety.
• Types of attachment*

1. Secure: child was secure with parents and explored the room, when parents left child got upset but then was okay when parents came back
2. Insecure: Clingy children did not want to explore the room, when mother left they were still in distress and when she came back they the distress did not leave

Question 8

What causes attachment style

Answer 8

1. Parent styling:
   
   1. A parent who were sensitive to the child’s needs develop secure attachments
   2. Those who were insensitive to their children’s needs formed insecure attachment\

These attachment styles can affect children way later in adulthood.

Question 9

What are the three types of parent styling?

Answer 9

1. Authoritatiran
2. Permissive
3. Aithoritative( best)

Question 10

What is aggression and how can it manifest?

Answer 10

1. Any physical and verbal behavior that are made to harm and destroy others

It is a combination of three things

1. Biology: criminals have decrease frontal lobe activation
   
   1. increase testosterone makes someone more aggressive
2. Psychological:
   
   1. Frustration-aggression principle: frustration can create anger and aggression
   2. Reinforcement-modeling: can lead through aggression via positive reinfocrments
3. Socio-cultural:
   
   1. People act more aggressively in groups (deindividuation) or when given socio scripts and wanting to get approval of others.

Question 11

What is Altruism?

Answer 11

1. People associated volunteering with a better sense of well-being

But altruism can have ulterior motives

1. Kin selection: you’re nicer to people closer to you
2. Reciprocal altuism: people are nicer if they know that they will interact with that person in the future.
3. Cost signalling: people trust people they know have helped others.

Question 12

Empathy-altruism hypothesis and early development trajectory?

Answer 12

• Empathy-altruism hypotheis: people are altruistic due to ampthy
• Early developmental trajectory: new born crying support can start as early as 2

Question 13

What are the different types of social support?

Answer 13

1. Emotional support: listening and emphasizing
2. Esteem support: encouragement and confidence
3. Informational support: advice
4. tangible support: financial support
5. companionship support: gives you a sense of belonging