Soc 17

Question 1

Why do we need our respiratory system…?

Answer 1

• To get oxygen into the body.
• To remove carbon dioxide from the body.
• In sport or physical activity, the respiratory and cardiovascular systems must work closely together to keep the body supplied with oxygen.

Question 2

Inhaled air

Answer 2

20% oxygen + 0.4% carbon dioxide

Question 3

Exhaled air

Answer 3

16% oxygen + 4% carbon dioxide

Question 4

Vital capacity

Answer 4

is the greatest amount of air that can be pass into and out of the lungs by the most forceful inspiration and expiration.

Question 5

Tidal volume

Answer 5

is the amount of air inspired and expired with each breath

Question 6

How it works

Answer 6

When breathing in (inhaling), the intercostal muscles (the muscles between the ribs) contract and lift the chest upwards and outwards while the diaphragm tightens and lowers.
- The diaphragm changes from a dome shape to a flatter shape when we breathe in.
- The diaphragm relaxes when we breathe out, moving upwards back to a dome shape.
- These actions open the lungs and create a vacuum inside so that air can rush through the nose and mouth.

Question 7

Inhaling

Answer 7

• The air passes through the larynx and then through the trachea into one of the two branches called the bronchi, through which air passes into either lung.
• Smaller branches called bronchioles extend out from the bronchi and at the very ends of these they form millions of tiny sacs called alveoli.
• In the alveoli, oxygen passes into the blood so it can be transported around the body.

Question 8

Gases exchange

Answer 8

• The alveoli are surrounded by capillaries (very narrow tubes) that carry blood.
• Haemoglobin inside red blood cells binds to oxygen, which diffuses into the blood so it can be transported around the body to be deposited in the living cells.
• A series of chemical reactions take place, which combines glucose (from food) with oxygen to release energy, along with carbon dioxide and water.
• While oxygen is taken in carbon dioxide is given out, or exchanged, into the alveoli and is then breathed out.

Question 9

Oxygen debt

Answer 9

• Definition: the amount of oxygen needed at the end of a physical activity to break down any lactic acid is known as oxygen debt.
• Anaerobic exercise often results in oxygen debt.
• This is the amount of oxygen needed to oxidise lactic acid to carbon dioxide and water.
• Repaid through deep, gasping breaths at the end of an activity. Therefore, enables lots of oxygen as possible to be taken into the respiratory system, while eliminating the carbon dioxide.

Question 10

Oxygen debt defention

Answer 10

the amount of oxygen needed at the end of a physical activity to break down any lactic acid is known as oxygen debt.

Question 11

How the cardiovascular and respiratory systems work together

Answer 11

An efficient respiratory system aids the cardiovascular system by providing a constant supply of oxygen for the muscles and by removing carbon dioxide.
During exercise, the body needs to take in a sufficient amount of oxygen and eliminate the carbon dioxide produced by the muscles while they are working.

Question 12

VO2 max

Answer 12

The volume of oxygen an athelete can consume while exersising at maximum capacity

Question 13

Respiration

Answer 13

the movement of
air from outside the body into
the cells within tissues.

Question 14

Diaphram

Answer 14

the primary muscle
used in the process of inspiration,
or inhalation. A dome-shaped
sheet of muscle that separates
the chest from the rest of the
body cavity.

Question 15

Tracea

Answer 15

the tube that takes air
into the chest, also known as the
windpipe.

Question 16

Bronchus (pl. bronchi):

Answer 16

tube
along which air passes from the
trachea into the lungs.

Question 17

Bronchioles:

Answer 17

smaller branches
coming off the bronchi.

Question 18

Alveoli:

Answer 18

Alveoli: tiny sacs at the end
of the bronchioles, where gas
exchange takes place.

Question 19

Haemoglobin:

Answer 19

a type of protein
found in every red blood cell.

Question 20

Gaseous exchange:

Answer 20

the delivery
of oxygen from the lungs to the
bloodstream and the removal of
carbon dioxide from the tissues.