Soc 13 Flashcards
Flexion
bending movement that
decreases the angle between body parts
Extension
straightening movement that
increases the angle between body parts
Adduction
movement that pulls towards
the midline of the body
Abduction
movement that pulls away
from the midline of the body
Rotation
movement around a single axis
or pivot point
Circumduction
moving in a circular or
conical shape
Dorsi-flexion
bending or flexing the toes up, closer to
the shin
Plantar-flexion
extending or pointing
the toes down, away from the shin
Flexion
Soulder hip elbow
Extention
Shoulder hip elbow
Adduction
Shoulder hip
Abduction
Shoulder hip
Rotation
Shoulder hip
Circumduction
Shoulder hip
Dorsi flexion
Ankle
Planter flexion
Ankle
Pivot joint
Pivot joints allow bones to rotate. In a pivot joint, one bone shaped like a
cylinder rotates inside another bone or ligament that makes a ring round it.
You have three pivot joints in your body: in your wrist, elbow and neck.
Hinge joint
A hinge joint is a joint that allows only backward and forward motion - just like
the hinge on a door. There are three hinge joints: the knee, elbow and ankle.
Ball and socket
In a ball and socket joint, the rounded head of a long bone (the ball) fits
into a cup-shaped hole (the socket). Both the hip and the shoulder joints
are ball and socket joints. With the hip, the long femur fits into the pelvis;
with the shoulder, the long humerus fits into the scapula. In both the hip
and the shoulder the bones are covered with cartilage and reinforced with
ligaments, but the shoulder joint has more freedom than the hip and is
capable of more variety and a bigger range of movement.
Condyloid joints
A condyloid joint is similar to a ball and socket joint, but the ball rests against
the end of a bone, rather than inside a socket. This allows circular motion.
