Soc 15 : The Structure Of The Heart Flashcards
Vascular shunting
Depriving your organs and non-working muscles from blood to provide working muscles with more blood
Name the three functions of the heart
1) Transports oxygen, carbon dioxide and nutrients
2) It clots blood to stop bleeding
3) Controls your body’s temperature
Cardio-respiratory system
The interaction of the heart and lungs to supply oxygen to muscles during exercise
Cardiovascular
To do with the heart, blood and blood vessels working together
Vascular constriction
when veins shrink down; narrowing of the internal diameter (lumen) of the blood vessel to decrease blood flow.
Vascodilation
when veins swell up or dilate; widening of the internal diameter (lumen) of the blood vessel to allow increased blood flow.
4 main functions of Arteries
.Arteries take blood away from the heart
.Arteries have thick walls and are more elastic than veins as they carry blood which is at a higher pressure than veins as they carry oxygenated blood
.The channel the blood flows through, called the lumen, can widen to allow more blood through when you so that when you exercise, it can reach the working muscles
.The pulmonary artery is different from other arteries as it carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs
4 main functions of capillaries
.Capillaries are microscopic vessels - just one cell thick
.At one end, capillaries carry oxygenated blood which transfers oxygen and
nutrients to the muscles
.At the other end, they carry deoxygenated blood into the veins, picking up waste
products and taking them around the body to dispose of them
.Capillaries are where gaseous exchange takes place
4 main functions of veins
● Veins carry blood into the heart
● Veins have much thinner walls, are less elastic and carry blood at a lower
pressure
● Veins contain many valves which helps deoxygenated blood flow to the heart
● The pulmonary vein is different to other veins as it carries oxygenated blood from the lungs back to the heart
