SOB treatment Flashcards
COPD treatment
-CABCD
-O2 if needed, caution as COPD patient may have CO2 retention
-nebuliser with salbutamol
-if doesn’t help nebuliser with salbutamol and ipratropium bromide
-IV hydrocortisone to reduce swelling
-fluids if needed
-convey with pre alert
Moderate asthma treatment
-encourage use inhaler
-supply oxygen
-nebuliser with salbutamol
-if respond to treatment, supply with prednisolone (steroid) and no need to transfer
Severe asthma treatment
-give oxygen
-nebulised salbutamol
-no improvement- ipratropium bromide
-administer steroids (prednisolone)
Life threatening asthma treatment
-continuous salbutamol
-no improvement give ipratropium bromide
-single dose IV magnesium
-adrenaline- IM only
-now time critical, transfer quickly pre alert
HF treatment
-CABCD
-O2 if needed
-fluids if needed
-if signs of peripheral/ pulmonary oedema with no resp distress consider referral to HF nurse
-if peri/pul oedema and resp distress consider GTN, IV furosemide
-if cardiogenic shock, transfer urgently to ED pre alert
Anaphylaxis treatment
-assess ABCDE
-diagnosis- look for sudden onset airway/ breathing problems or unusual skin changes
-if possible remove trigger (bee sting etc), lie flat, possibly raise legs
-administer adrenaline- IM ONLY into thigh
-establish airway, give O2
-apply monitory- SPO2, ECG, BP
-if no response after 5 mins, give more IM adrenaline, consider IV fluid bolus if hypotensive
-if still no improvement follow refractory anaphylaxis algorithm
Treatment refractory anaphylaxis
-establish IV access
-give fluids if haven’t already
-give IM adrenaline every 5 mins
-give O2
-monitor HR, BP, SPO2, ECG
-transport rapidly with pre alert
Pneumothorax
-CABCD
-if simple provide O2 and monitor in case progresses to tension pneumothorax
-if open apply chest seal, O2 and monitor for signs of tension pneumothorax
-if tension need immediate needle decompression and PA to nearest ED
