Hypothermia

Question 1

Pathophysiology

Answer 1

-lowering of core body temp
-thermoreceptors in skin sense low temp and cause regional vasoconstriction
-hypothalamus releases TSH and ACH causing stimulation of thyroid and adrenal glands
-also causes shivering

Question 2

Risk factors

Answer 2

-use of general anaesthetic
-substance abuse
-impaired mental status eg. dementia
-hypothyroidism
-stroke
-parkinson’s
-old age

Question 3

Classifications and S+S

Answer 3

Mild
-temp 32-35
-tachycardia, shivering, vasoconstriction, tachypnoea
Moderate
-temp 28-32
-bradycardia, hypotension, resp depression, pupil dilation
Severe
-temp less 28
-coma, no activity on ECG
-apnea
-non reactive pupils
-PE

Question 4

Management

Answer 4

-prevent further temperature drops
-stabilise patient CABCD
-active rewarming of patient
-gentle during patient transports as can cause arrythmias