Pneumonia

Question 1

Pneumonia pathophysiology

Answer 1

-inflammation in one or both lungs caused by inflammation normally caused by bacteria
-alveoli filled with fluid
-reduces surface area for gas exchange

Question 2

Types of pneumonia

Answer 2

Lobar pneumonia
-affects one or more lobes
-caused by staphylococcus
-most common type especially in young adults
Bronchopneumonia
-infection spreads from bronchi to alveoli

Question 3

Pneumonia signs and symptoms

Answer 3

-hypoxia
-bi-basal crackles
-reduced breath sounds
-dullness on percussion of bases
-SOB
-productive cough
-fever
-chest pain

Question 4

Risk factors pneumonia

Answer 4

-older age
-smoking
-chronic disease eg. heart failure, diabetes
-lung pathologies eg. COPD, cystic fibrosis
-weakened/ suppressed immune system
-hospitalisation
-flu
-drug and alcohol use

Question 5

Pneumonia treatment

Answer 5

-correct ABCDE first
-pain relief if required
-O2 if required
-decide on pathway
-if pneumonia likely need chest x-ray then antibiotics

Question 6

CRB-65

Answer 6

-confusion, respiratory rate above 30, BP less than 90, above 65yrs
-all= 1 point
-higher score, higher the risk