Cardiac tamponade

Question 1

What is it (pathophysiology)

Answer 1

-accumulation of fluid in pericardial sacs compress heart chambers
-obstructs blood flow to ventricles
-reduces cardiac output
-can lead to cardiogenic shock or death

Question 2

3 classic features

Answer 2

Beck’s triad
-hypotension with narrowing pulse pressure
-elevated central venous pressure (jugular vein distension)
-muffled heart sounds

Question 3

S+S

Answer 3

-orthopnoea
-diaphoresis- excessive sweating
-anxiety
-restlessness
-cyanosis
-weak rapid pulse

Question 4

Management

Answer 4

-IV fluids if hypotensive
-need a needle aspiration or drain insertion
-rapid transfer to hospital