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3rd Year > SLK 320 Sem test 1 > Flashcards

SLK 320 Sem test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

define critical psychology

A

a psychological orientation that is made up of diverse theoretical perspectives and forms of practice

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2
Q

How do you grasp critical psychology

A

getting a sense of it’s agenda’s and functioning across a spread of theories and practices

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3
Q

what are the 3 points of focus in critical psychology
TCP

A

theoretical resources
questions of south african context
forms of practice

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4
Q

the 3 points of focus correlate to 3 vital domains of critical activity/ critique. What are they?
EED

A
  • an emphasis on the value of different modes of conceptualisation
  • an eye for specificity
  • the drive to convert critical sensibilities into a kind of critical response/reaction
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5
Q

Theoretical resources demonstrates 3 things about psychology, what are they?

A

Ideology
Oppression
Eurocentric

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6
Q

what does the focus section on ‘questions of South African context’ look at?

A

concerns relevant to the Southern African/third world situation

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7
Q

the focus section of ‘forms of practice’ aims to make psychology… (3)

A

more politically responsive
more active in challenging authority structures
more active in responding to grassroots needs in South Africa

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8
Q

what 4 things does the focus section of ‘forms of practice’ include explanations of
TAPD

A

The emotional components of community psychology
Activity theory
Participatory action research
Discourse analysis

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9
Q

what are the 6 key themes/concerns in critical psychology
PoPsPoPsDW

A

1- Power and psychology
2- Psychology as ideological
3- Politics of knowledge and subjectivity
4- Psychology as a powerful form of knowledge
5- Depoliticizing experience
6- Ways of knowing ourselves

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10
Q

Define Ideology

A

the ways in which meaning serves to create and sustain relations of power and domination

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11
Q

what are the 2 ways, according to Hence Hayes, of addressing the issue of ideology in psychology

A

On a critical basis
On a substantive basis

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12
Q

define Critical Dimension

A

The knowledge claims and the ontological status of psychology as a science.

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13
Q

define substantive dimension

A

The operations of ideology at the level of the individual

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14
Q

what are the 2 inclusions of the critical dimension of psychology regarding ideology

A

The knowledge of claims and the ontological status of psychology as a science
Interrogating psychology as a particular politics of knowledge

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15
Q

what are the 2 inclusions of the substantive dimension of psychology regarding ideology

A

The operations of ideology at the level of the individual
Engaging psychology as a particular politics of subjectivity

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16
Q

what are the 4 aspects of knowledge that critical psychology is concerned with
BNTS

A

Based on an objective
Neutral “knowing” of the world
That thus sells itself as truth
Seemingly scientific

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17
Q

Define imperialism

A

knowledge that is produced in the 1st world and is generalised to all contexts, including 3rd world countries

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18
Q

define psychological imperialism

A

the knowledges of psychology are exclusionary (they exclude a lot of people in their attentions and priorities)

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19
Q

Define psychopolitics

A

the explicit politicisation of the psychological

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20
Q

define liberation psychology

A

questions of the psychological processes, dynamics, etc through which people may escape from particular power structures of oppression and exploitation

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21
Q

what are the 2 important broad conceptualisations of critical psychology that are 2 of its most important responsibilities

A

the engagement and critique of the power of psychology
the psychological engagement and critique of power

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22
Q

Define psychological reductionism

A

Theory that oversimplifying human behaviour or cognitive processes neglects to explain the complexities of the mind

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23
Q

Define self-contained individualism

A

traditional psychological view in which the self is regarded as a bounded, autonomous entity and defined in terms of its internal attributes

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24
Q

Define collectivist self

A

a view of the self in which the self is context-based, defined in terms of one’s relationships with others (non-western culture)

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25
Q

Define cultural psychology

A

the study of the way cultural traditions and social practices regulate, express, and transform the human psyche resulting in less psychic unity

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26
Q

Define psychic unity

A

assumption that human beings are all the same

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27
Q

Define objective knowledge

A

notion that knowledge is not supposed to be affected by the knower’s values and meanings

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28
Q

What 3 things are involved in the construction of meanings

A

the meaning
the processes
the transactions

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29
Q

Define lived experience

A

refers to real life, as opposed to laboratory or hypothetical experiences

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30
Q

Define indigenous psychologies

A

the cultural views, theories, classifications, assumptions, and metaphors which bear on psychological topics

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31
Q

what are the 3 levels that indigenisation can occur at

A

Structural level
Substantive level
Theoretical level

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32
Q

what is the structural level of indigenisation

A

the nation’s organisational and institutional capabilities to produce and spread relevant knowledge

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33
Q

What is the substantive level of indigenisation

A

applying psychology to address national policy issues

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34
Q

what is the theoretical level of indigenisation

A

seeks to develop conceptual frameworks and metatheories that are consistent with the sociocultural experiences, worldviews, and goals of the people in question

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35
Q

Define acculturation

A

Modification of the culture group of a group or individual as a result of contact with different culture

36
Q

Define Panacea

A

kind of remedy/cure for diseases, ailments, problems, etc (a kind of ‘cure all’)

37
Q

Define worldview

A

a set of basic assumptions that a group of people develops in order to explain reality and their place and purpose in the world

38
Q

what 4 things does our worldview shape
WAVO

A

Way we think and behave
Attitudes
Values
Opinions

39
Q

What are the 4 components of our worldview
PATT

A

People-natured orientation
Activity orientation
Time orientation
The relational operation

40
Q

Define the people-natured orientation

A

this dimension answers the question of ‘how is the relationship of people to nature to be understood?’

41
Q

Define the activity orientation

A

this dimensions answers the question of ‘what is the preferred mode of human activity?’

42
Q

Define the time orientation

A

A culture may emphasise history and tradition, the here and now, or the distant future

43
Q

define the relational orientation

A

concerned with how the self is defined in relation to the other and the environment

44
Q

Define metaphysics

A

a branch of philosophy that is concerned with our conceptions of reality, position in the universe, and our relation to others and the environment

45
Q

what are the 4 interdependent philosophical assumptions bearing directly on psychological topics
HPCN

A

Hierarchy of beings
Principle of cosmic unity
Communal view of personhood
Notion of vitality

46
Q

define the intermediate world

A

the level in the hierarchy of being in African metaphysics that consists of human beings

47
Q

According to Ngubane, what are the 2 divisions of the world of the ancestors

A

The world of the recently deceased
The world of integrated ancestors

48
Q

Define integrated ancestors

A

Ancestors who are capable of communicating with God on behalf of their relatives, and for whom rituals are performed

49
Q

Define holistic/holism

A

account of the world in which everything is interconnected in such a way that elements of the whole are contained in each part

50
Q

Define life force

A

refers to the energy or power that is the essence of all phenomena, material and immaterial

51
Q

what 4 things is God’s power manifested in?
CCHB

A

Changing seasons
Cycles of Nature
Human achievements
Birth

52
Q

Define Teleology

A

seeks to explain the universe in terms of final causes
(Greek Telos= end and Logos=discourse)

53
Q

Define cosmic unity

A

The idea that there is a connection between God, Izinyanya, animals, plants and inanimate objects. Withing this system, everything is perpetually in motion, influencing and being influenced by something else

54
Q

Define the holistic worldview of life

A

one cannot look at individual units in isolation from their context

55
Q

Define separate knowing

A

A sceptical, distanced and impartial stance. Adverse and argumentative stance to new ideas

56
Q

Define connected knowing

A

tries to accommodate new ideas, searching for what is right even in what might initially appear to be wrong

57
Q

Define Atomistic

A

Consisting of many separate, diverse, or disparate elements

58
Q

Define totem

A

animal, plant, or natural object that serves among traditional peoples as the emblem of a clan or family

59
Q

Define psychopolitics

A

critical awareness of the role that political factors play within the domain of the psychological

60
Q

what are the 2 things that psychopolitics is an understanding of?

A

How politics impacts upon the psychological
How a personal psychology may be the level at which politics is internalised

61
Q

what are the 3 purposes of Fanon’s psychological descriptions
SUE

A

to Subject such forms of power to critique
to Understand them better
to Effectively challenge them

62
Q

Define the psycho-existential complex

A

Psychic conflict about the existence of the individual person (free determining agent determining their own development through acts of will) leading to abnormal mental states

63
Q

Define trans-historical

A

Across all historical settings

64
Q

Fanon tracks the implications of wanting to be white over which 4 domains
BLSD

A

Behaviour
Language
Sexuality
Dreams

65
Q

Define Neurosis

A

emotional disorder that manifests at the level of personality, which stems from the conflict between a fundamental impulse or wish and the need to repress this instinct

66
Q

Define psychoneurosis

A

Relatively mild mental illness NOT caused by organic disease that involves symptoms of stress
but not a radical loss of touch with reality

67
Q

Define neurosis of blackness

A

‘dream of turning white’ as it comes into conflict with one’s being in a black body, and in a racist society, which makes this wish impossible

68
Q

Define Register

A

Particular vocabulary/conceptual framework stemming from a particular school of thought

69
Q

Define reify

A

Speaking about concepts as if they are really existing concrete objects

70
Q

Define Catharsis

A

psychological process where distressing or damaging emotional material is rid of via the means of an activity that externalises it.

71
Q

Define collective catharsis

A

Catharsis as it happens on a mass social level

72
Q

Define scapegoating

A

projection of blame onto another person or object, who then becomes blameworthy or punishable

73
Q

Define projection

A

process by which specific aspects of self, or certain wishes or impulses, are imagined to be located in something or someone else.

74
Q

which 2 figurative terms did Fanon develop to dramatize the strength of the 2-way relationship between psyche and society

A

Internalisation
Epidermalization

75
Q

Define internalisation

A

the process by which external, sociohistorical reality is assimilated into ‘internal’ and subjective reality

76
Q

Define Epidermalization

A

used to underscore the profound transformation of economic inferiority to subjective inferiority

77
Q

What are the 2 basic psychoanalytic notions

A

Phobic object
Ambivalence

78
Q

Define phobic object

A

thing or person causing irrational feelings of dread, fear and hate

79
Q

Define phobogenic

A

fear-causing person or object

80
Q

Define paranoid anxiety

A

irrational, yet consistent belief that one is being systematically undermined, persecuted or attacked by a ‘bad’ object, that is a person, group or thing which intends to do me damage

81
Q

Define collective unconscious

A

idea that all human beings share a supply of innate ideas or archetypes that are genetically supplied, universal, and can be spontaneously produced in the symbolism of different cultures and times

82
Q

Define archetypes

A

universal motifs or patterns that form the collective unconsciousness. They make up the shared basic contents of religions, mythologies, legends, etc and they can also feature in individual dreams and fantasies

83
Q

Define Negro myth

A

Racist system of representations and values in which the figure of the black man/woman comes to stand as a repository, a figure in whom whites come to symbolise all their lower emotions and baser inclinations.

84
Q

Define European collective unconscious

A

Fanons adaptation of the Jungian notion of the collective unconscious such that it is not
dependent on cerebral hereditary but is rather the result of the imposition of a culture, is purely
and simply the sum of prejudices, myths and collective attitudes of a given group

85
Q

Define Manichean thinking

A

approach to culture in which all values and concepts are split into binary opposites, one that is positive (white) and one that is negative (black)

3rd Year (12 decks)

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