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3rd Year > SLK 320 Exam- Crit > Flashcards

SLK 320 Exam- Crit Flashcards

1
Q

Define psychopolitics

A

Awareness of the role that political factors play within the domain of the psychological

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2
Q

What are the 2 things that psychopolitics is an understanding of

A

How politics impacts the psychological
How personal psychology may be the level at which politics is internalised

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3
Q

What are the 3 objectives of Fanon’s analysis of the ‘psychic life of the colonial encounter’
SUE

A

Subject such forms of power to critique
Understand them better
Effectively challenge them

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4
Q

What 3 things does Fanon look to in accordance with the psychoanalytic theory regarding the dream of turning white
PUA

A

Personality of the colonised
Underlying desire that motivates the dreams
Actions of the colonised

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5
Q

The desire to be white is an outcome of what 3 things
RES

A

Real material
Economic, cultural and sociopolitical conditions
Specific configuration of power

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6
Q

Fanon tracks the implications of wanting to be white over what 4 domains
LSBD

A

Language
Sexuality
Behaviour
Dreams

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7
Q

Define neurosis

A

an emotional disordermwhich stems from the conflict between a fundamental impulse or wish and the need to repress this instinct

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8
Q

Define Neurosis of blackness

A

the dream of turning white caused by being in a black body in a racist society

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9
Q

what should one look into when identifying the cause of neurotic distrubances

A

Childhood history or infantile trauma

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10
Q

Define catharsis

A

psychological process where distressing or damaging material is rid of via an activity that externalises it

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11
Q

Define collective catharis

A

Catharsis on a mass social level

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12
Q

Define scapegoating

A

projection of blame onto another person or object who then becomes blameworthy or punishable

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13
Q

Define projection

A

when specific aspects of the self are imagined to be located in something/someone else.

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14
Q

Define symptoms

A

An irrational action which is a compromise between the need to express a repressed wish and the need to keep this wish repressed

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15
Q

which 2 figuritive terms were developed to dramatize the strength of the 2 way relationship between psyche and society

A

Internalisation and epidermalization

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16
Q

Define internalisation

A

the process where reality is understod as internal and subjective

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17
Q

Define epidermalization

A

emphasizes the transformation from economic inferiority to subjective inferiority

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18
Q

What are the 2 basic psychoanalytic notions

A

Phobic object and ambivalence

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19
Q

Define phobic object

A

Thing or person causing irrational feelings of dread, fear or hate

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20
Q

Define phobogenic

A

fear-causing person or object

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20
Q

Define ambivalence

A

the state of having mixed feelings or contradictory ideas about something or someone

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21
Q

Define paranoid anxiety

A

the irrational and persistent feeling that people are ‘out to get you’ or that you are the subject of persistent, intrusive attention by others

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22
Q

Define collective unconscious

A

the idea that all human beings share a supply of innate ideas or achetypes that are genetically supplied and universal

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23
Q

Define archetypes

A

universal motifs or patterns that form the collective unconscious

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24
Q

Define the negro myth

A

a racist system of beliefs whereby white people believe black people symbolise all their lower emotions.

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25
Q

Define racial distribution of guilt

A

racist cultural practices of scapegoating the racial other, of attempting to achieve a sense of superiority through the inferiorisation of another

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26
Q

Define manichean thinking

A

an approach to culture where everything is split into binary opposites- positive (white) and negative (black)

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27
Q

what 3 things are suggested by manichean thinking that reinforces racism
that 2 such groups are…MES

A

Mutually opposed
Effectively unbridgeable
So different to one another

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28
Q

What is the local level challenge of developing a south african psychology of gender

A

Representing indigenous experiences of gender development and identities

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29
Q

What is the critical challenge of developing a south african psychology of gender

A

it problematises the construction of gender difference and equality

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30
Q

Define heterosexist

A

Assumption that all sexuality refers to heterosexual practices and it is normal for these practices are between men and women

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31
Q

Define homophobia

A

Rejection of homosexual practices and life styles

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32
Q

Define unitary sexual character

A

the idea that masculinity and feminity exist as a collection of traits, roles, abilities and temperaments which are embedded in individual men and women

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33
Q

the notion of unitary gender identitity ignores what 2 factors

A

the diversity of gendered experience across social identity
It fixes individuals to a singular experience of their own gender

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34
Q

Define difference discourse

A

the depiction of gender as difference (biological or social)

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35
Q

define feminism

A

a large body of work that explores women’s sub-ordination in male-dominated societies

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36
Q

Define androcentric

A

a discipline or practice that is centred around men and masculinity

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37
Q

Define socialisation

A

a focus on gender roles and gender stereotypes

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38
Q

Define androgyny

A

term used to describe a personality characterised by a good balance of traditionally male and female attributes

39
Q

Define the scalar/androgyny model

A

hypethesises a continuum of gender from dominant male to dominant female characteristics

40
Q

Define alpha bias

A

representations of gender that see huge differences between males and females, and that often idealise these perceived differences

41
Q

Define beta bias

A

representations of gender that see few differences between males and femlaes

42
Q

What is the issue with the alpha bias

A

it exaggerates the differences between men and women thus justifying unequal treatment

43
Q

What is the issue with the beta bias

A

it de-emphasises differences between men and women therefore not allowing for the special needs of women

44
Q

define pathologisation

A

the act of wrongly considering something/someone as a problem

45
Q

Define post-structuralist

A

a paradigm shift from structuralist thinking to an acknowledgement of the shifting, fluid relationship between things

46
Q

Define post-modern

A

a complex term referring to both a period of time and a theoretical paradigm

47
Q

which 3 contemporary theoretical fields have spurred a challenge to the conceptual binarism inherent in the concept of gender
QPF

A

Queer theory
Post-structuralism
Feminism

48
Q

Define queer theory

A

theoretical thinking that is critical of traditional notions of gender, sex and sexuality

49
Q

what 5 thing have been overly emphasized about women
MMBFP

A

Movements
Manner of dress
Body size and shape
Facial characteristics
Presentation

50
Q

Define performativity

A

the notion that we create our genders by doing them

51
Q

“the understanding that the subject is fragmented, constituted through multiple axes of power and identity is important”
What 7 locations of identity are included in this?
SSRRACE

A

Sexuality
Structure objectivity
Race
Religion
Age
Class
Ethnicity

52
Q

Define signification/signifier/signified

A

the use of signs or signifiers (spoken/written words) to make meaning of the world through the representation of concepts or ideas

53
Q

Define liberation psychology

A

questions of the psychological processes, dynamics, capacities and practices through which people may achieve liberation and escape from oppression and exploitation

54
Q

what are the 3 central arguments of liberation psychology
DLA

A

there are different sites and forms of oppression
there are links between large scale processes
there are always possibilities of revolt or resistance of the prevailing social order but the resistance is uneven and slow

55
Q

what are the 3 central concerns of liberation psychology
NIQ

A

Nature of social formations
Issues of psychological subjectivity
Questions of power

56
Q

Define hegemonic orders

A

divison and hierarchy become taken for granted, assumed, unproblematic and seen as legitimate

57
Q

According to Moane, what are the 6 processes involved in the establishment and maintenance of domination
VPESCF

A

Violence
Political exclusion
Economic exploitation
Sexual exploitation
Control of culture
Fragmentation

58
Q

what are the 3 narratives posed by ideology that maintain domination

A

What is the case
what is good/bad
what is possible/impossible

59
Q

the use of the narrative “what is the case” creates what in an ideological society

A

a sense of inevitability

60
Q

the use of the narrative “what is good/bad” creates what in an ideological society

A

a sense of submission or yielding to the wishes/opinions of others

61
Q

the use of the narrative “what is possible/impossible” creates what in an ideological society

A

a sense of resignation or pessimistic view

62
Q

define interpellation

A

ideological process of hailing, recognising or calling a person and when they respond, they are positioned as a subject

63
Q

Define dialects

A

knowing the truth through overcoming the contradictions in an argument

64
Q

define subjectification

A

positioning of persons as subjects where they have a speaking voice and an active role to play but within the structures or concerns of a particular form of power

65
Q

new knowledge and disciplines emerged through pastoral power. These new knowledges operated through disciplinary means involving the following 6 aspects…
SSDGWT

A

Setting of norms
Standards
Discourses
Guidelines
Warnings
Techniques of surveillance

66
Q

what 2 forms of power should we be alert to manufacturing subjectivities

A

One where we are subject to someone else’s control, shaping and dependence
The Foucauldian view

67
Q

Define the Faulcadian view

A

power is more pervasive, subtle, is impossible to break free of, but which may be transformed in terms of new power/knowledge and new relations of subjectivities

68
Q

in the views of individual-social dualism, what are the 3 tasks of liberation psychology
TIE

A

Throw off the shackles of society
Increase the search for our authentic inner selves
Extend the choices and liberties of individuals

69
Q

what is individual-social dualism

A

sees indivuals and society as separate, opposing entities

70
Q

what 4 things do people need for emancpation to be possible
AONI

A

Alternatives
Other social values
New ideals
Images of a better social order

71
Q

Modernity, in adddition to discoveries and achievements, has also produced what 4 things
PPRE

A

Potential threats
Possibilities for mass human destruction
Risks of all sorts
Environmental degradation

72
Q

what are 7 of the psychological consequences of modernism
AAAAFID

A

Anxieties
Addictions
Alienation
Anomie
Fear
Insecurity
Dehumanisation

73
Q

What are 7 of the techniques of resistance produced by modernity
SSSSPMB

A

Strikes
Sit-ins
Self-help groups
Slogans
Protests
Marches
Boycotts

74
Q

Define social constructionism

A

Paradigm of knowledge based on the idea that events, objects and selves dont have pre-given reality but form through the language we use to describe them

75
Q

Define meta narrative

A

privileged form of explanation that is treated as superior to all others in its explanatory abilities

76
Q

what is the 2 fold kernal of the social constructionist position

A

It has a critical agenda
It has a epistemological agender

77
Q

Define anti-essentialism

A

an approach to subjectivity that says people are not fixed, predetermined or unchangable

78
Q

Define authoritarianism

A

Tendency to submit willingly yo strong authority figures above and to act pinitively towards weaker groups below

79
Q

Define ethnocentrism

A

Belief in the superiority of ones own ethnic group

80
Q

Define the social identity theory

A

Sees both individual processes and social processes as operative in the formation of social identities

81
Q

Define the social dominance theory

A

Claims dominance is driven by 3 main processes

82
Q

What are the 3 main processes that the social dominance theory claims that dominance is driven by
AAB

A

Aggregated individual discrimination
Aggregated institutional discrimination
Behavioural asymmetry

83
Q

Define social dominance orientation

A

People favour hierarchically structured and non-egalitarian relationships between groups

84
Q

The social dominance orientation varies in terms of what 4 factors
DSTG

A

Dominant group members are likely to be higher
Socialisation issues (education, religion, personal)
Temperamental predispositions (empathy)
Gender

85
Q

What are the 3 major forms of psychological defense and identity development among oppressed people
CRR

A

Capitulation
Revitalisation
Radicalisation

86
Q

What are the 4 consequential themes of cogent integration of views on the psychological consequences of oppression as proposed by Moane
SEMI

A

Subjectivity
Emotional expression
Mental health issues
Intragroup relations

87
Q

What are the 2 issues associated with opporession

A

The relational aspect of oppression
Consequences for the oppressors

88
Q

What are the 3 consequences for oppressors that implicate psychological patterns
NPD

A

Nero complex
Processes of dehumanisation and objectification
Denial

89
Q

Define nero complex

A

obsessive preoccupation with establishing legitimacy and justification for one’s acts and oneself, accompanied by delusions of arrogance, entitlement and narcissism

90
Q

what are the 4 forms of denial
JORD

A

Justification
Outright denial
Renaming and retelling
Discrediting the source and method of report

91
Q

Define jingoism

A

Extreme types of nationalism characterised by both fierce patriotism and an aggressive attitude to other countries or nationalities

92
Q

What are 6 of the features of jungoism
BANSDD

A

Bizarre reasoning
Arrogance
No empathy for the other
Self-deceit
Denial
Dishonesty

93
Q

What is the big five of emancipation
PPECE

A

Political oppression
Patriarchy
Economic exploitation
Cultural imperialism
Ecological destruction

94
Q

Define habitus

A

a mediating link between objective social structures and individual action

3rd Year (12 decks)

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