KRM 320 Sem Test 2

Question 1

What are the 4 global crises
GFPT

Answer 1

Global warming
Financial crashes
Pollution
Terrorism

Question 2

What are the 5 timeline societies
PSFIR

Answer 2

Primitive society
Slave society
Feudalism
Industrial society
Risk society

Question 3

Define risk society

Answer 3

a phase where risks are harder to manage by established institutions

Question 4

Define Reflexive modernization

Answer 4

The process of society reflecting on and adapting to new types of risks

Question 5

What are the 2 levels of reflection on judgement in terms of risk

Answer 5

individual and society

Question 6

What are the 4 main arguments of Ulrich Beck regarding risk society
CAIN

Answer 6

Creation of new risks
Addressing modernization
Increased risks with wealth production
Need for new solutions

Question 7

what are the 3 key points of refelxive modernization
RIC

Answer 7

Radicalization of modernization
Increased reflection
Creation of new modernity

Question 8

What are the 2 types of modernity

Answer 8

classic and reflexive

Question 9

what are the 3 characteristics of classic modernity
STD

Answer 9

Skepticism about religion and monarchy
Trust in science and facts
Demystification through science

Question 10

Whar are the 4 characteristics of reflexive modernity
REDS

Answer 10

Restructuring and radicalization
Extended skepticism
Demystification of science
Science and hazards

Question 11

What are the 3 axes of conflict
EGG

Answer 11

Ecological conflicts
Global financial crises
Global terrorist networks

Question 12

What are the 6 challenges with technology in the prevention and solving of crime in South Africa
CRIMBL

Answer 12

Capabilities and restrictions of certain technologies
Resistance and fear
Improper usage
Management
Budget and maintenance
Lack of training

Question 13

What are the 5 most common types of cyber incidents from most to least frequent
DCSCD

Answer 13

Data exposure
Compromised websites
System intrusions
Cybercrime
Denial of service attacks

Question 14

What are the 6 types of cybercrime perpetratos
HHNNIC

Answer 14

Hacktivist
Hacker
Nation state
Non-malicious individual
Insider
Cybercriminal

Question 15

What are the 5 motivations for cybercrime
FACEP

Answer 15

Fun/personal
Accidental
Criminal
Economic
Political

Question 16

what are the 4 branches of the management integrity tool
LUFT

Answer 16

Legal integrity
User integrity
Financial integrity
Technology integrity

Question 17

what are the 4 man made risks that impact the environment
GLOP

Answer 17

Global warming
Littering
Over population
Pollution

Question 18

Define green criminology

Answer 18

the study of enviornmental crimes and harms affecting human and non-human life, ecosystems and the biosphere

Question 19

What are the 4 types of environmental crime
BAGS

Answer 19

Brown environment
Aesthetic environment
Green environment
Social/built environment

Question 20

What are the 5 inclusions of the green environment
FABPC

Answer 20

Fauna and flora
Abalone and shark fins
Bush meat
Poaching
Cycads

Question 21

What is the aesthetic environment

Answer 21

Visual, olfactory and sensory components

Question 21

what are the 2 inclusions of the brown environment

Answer 21

Air, water and soil
Hazardous substances and radiation

Question 22

what is the social/built environment

Answer 22

Damaging cultural monuments, sacred sites and archaeological sites.

Question 23

what are the 3 main types of criminal networks in wildlife trafficking
HTD

Answer 23

Harvesting networks
Theft networks
Distribution networks

Question 24

which 2 countries are the main markets for the rhino horn trade

Answer 24

Yemen Asia/China

Question 25

What are the 3 challenges in preventing the rhino horn trade RCC

Answer 25

Resources Conservation funding Complex prevention measures

Question 26

what are the 7 prevention strategies according to Minnaar RRSSCIG

Answer 26

Resilience of ecosystems Resilience of criminal networks Strict regulations Severe punishments Combat financial flows International collaboration Global bans

Question 27

What are the 2 focus areas of green criminology

Answer 27

Eco crime and technology Mineral extraction paradox

Question 28

what are the 6 roles of technology during the previous industrial revolution FPHSLD

Answer 28

Fossil fuel dependency Political ecology of technology Human and environmental interdependence Sustainability paradox Lifecycle of technology Decoupling growth from technology

Question 29

What are the 3 key examples of understanding ecocide DEP

Answer 29

Deep-sea mining E-waste disposal Planned obsolescence of digital devices

Question 30

What are the 4 consequences of Deep-sea mining SSCE

Answer 30

Species extinction Sediment plumes Communication disruption Ecosystem destruction

Question 31

what are the 4 types of obsolescence TSSP

Answer 31

Technological obsolescence Style obsolescence Systemic obsolescence Product failure

Question 32

What are the 4 legal and policy challenges of ecocide CURI

Answer 32

Challenges at various levels Understanding drivers of eco crime Regulatory frameworks Impact of capitalism

Question 33

what are the 3 ecophilosophical orientations that guide green criminologists BAE

Answer 33

Biocentric perspective Anthropocentric perspective Ecocentric perspective

Question 34

What are the 3 justice based approaches SEE

Answer 34

Species justice Environmental justice Ecological justice