KRM 320 Sem Test 2 Flashcards
What are the 4 global crises
GFPT
Global warming
Financial crashes
Pollution
Terrorism
What are the 5 timeline societies
PSFIR
Primitive society
Slave society
Feudalism
Industrial society
Risk society
Define risk society
a phase where risks are harder to manage by established institutions
Define Reflexive modernization
The process of society reflecting on and adapting to new types of risks
What are the 2 levels of reflection on judgement in terms of risk
individual and society
What are the 4 main arguments of Ulrich Beck regarding risk society
CAIN
Creation of new risks
Addressing modernization
Increased risks with wealth production
Need for new solutions
what are the 3 key points of refelxive modernization
RIC
Radicalization of modernization
Increased reflection
Creation of new modernity
What are the 2 types of modernity
classic and reflexive
what are the 3 characteristics of classic modernity
STD
Skepticism about religion and monarchy
Trust in science and facts
Demystification through science
Whar are the 4 characteristics of reflexive modernity
REDS
Restructuring and radicalization
Extended skepticism
Demystification of science
Science and hazards
What are the 3 axes of conflict
EGG
Ecological conflicts
Global financial crises
Global terrorist networks
What are the 6 challenges with technology in the prevention and solving of crime in South Africa
CRIMBL
Capabilities and restrictions of certain technologies
Resistance and fear
Improper usage
Management
Budget and maintenance
Lack of training
What are the 5 most common types of cyber incidents from most to least frequent
DCSCD
Data exposure
Compromised websites
System intrusions
Cybercrime
Denial of service attacks
What are the 6 types of cybercrime perpetratos
HHNNIC
Hacktivist
Hacker
Nation state
Non-malicious individual
Insider
Cybercriminal
What are the 5 motivations for cybercrime
FACEP
Fun/personal
Accidental
Criminal
Economic
Political
what are the 4 branches of the management integrity tool
LUFT
Legal integrity
User integrity
Financial integrity
Technology integrity
what are the 4 man made risks that impact the environment
GLOP
Global warming
Littering
Over population
Pollution
Define green criminology
the study of enviornmental crimes and harms affecting human and non-human life, ecosystems and the biosphere
What are the 4 types of environmental crime
BAGS
Brown environment
Aesthetic environment
Green environment
Social/built environment
What are the 5 inclusions of the green environment
FABPC
Fauna and flora
Abalone and shark fins
Bush meat
Poaching
Cycads
What is the aesthetic environment
Visual, olfactory and sensory components
what are the 2 inclusions of the brown environment
Air, water and soil
Hazardous substances and radiation
what is the social/built environment
Damaging cultural monuments, sacred sites and archaeological sites.
what are the 3 main types of criminal networks in wildlife trafficking
HTD
Harvesting networks
Theft networks
Distribution networks
which 2 countries are the main markets for the rhino horn trade
Yemen
Asia/China
What are the 3 challenges in preventing the rhino horn trade
RCC
Resources
Conservation funding
Complex prevention measures
what are the 7 prevention strategies according to Minnaar
RRSSCIG
Resilience of ecosystems
Resilience of criminal networks
Strict regulations
Severe punishments
Combat financial flows
International collaboration
Global bans
What are the 2 focus areas of green criminology
Eco crime and technology
Mineral extraction paradox
what are the 6 roles of technology during the previous industrial revolution
FPHSLD
Fossil fuel dependency
Political ecology of technology
Human and environmental interdependence
Sustainability paradox
Lifecycle of technology
Decoupling growth from technology
What are the 3 key examples of understanding ecocide
DEP
Deep-sea mining
E-waste disposal
Planned obsolescence of digital devices
What are the 4 consequences of Deep-sea mining
SSCE
Species extinction
Sediment plumes
Communication disruption
Ecosystem destruction
what are the 4 types of obsolescence
TSSP
Technological obsolescence
Style obsolescence
Systemic obsolescence
Product failure
What are the 4 legal and policy challenges of ecocide
CURI
Challenges at various levels
Understanding drivers of eco crime
Regulatory frameworks
Impact of capitalism
what are the 3 ecophilosophical orientations that guide green criminologists
BAE
Biocentric perspective
Anthropocentric perspective
Ecocentric perspective
What are the 3 justice based approaches
SEE
Species justice
Environmental justice
Ecological justice
