Sleep Flashcards
why is SLEEP so important?
- helps us to CONCENTRATE, FOCUS, and MAKE PROPER JUDGEMENTS
- without it, we get more IRRITABLE, and makes it harder to focus/concentrate
- looks different for EVERYONE
circadian rhythm
the NORMAL PATTERN of our sleep; the 24 hour day and night cycle
how is our SLEEP REGULATED?
by various SEQUENCES of PHYSIOLOGICAL STATES by the CNS and its activities
hypothalamus
is our MAJOR SLEEP CENTER
- controls the RHYTHM of the SLEEP WAKE CYCLE
- also secretes HYPOCRETINS to promote wakefulness
reticular activating system (RAS)
contains CELLS that maintain alertness & wakefulness
homeostatic process (process s)
regulates RATE/DEPTH of sleep
does our ENVIRONMENT influence sleep?
yes!
more sick - more sleepy
having a more QUIET/DARKER environment promotes sleep
younger ages; tend to sleep more
what are the STAGES OF SLEEP?
- NONRAPID EYE MOVEMENT (NREM)
- RAPID EYE MOVEMENT (REM)
definition of NREM
- around a 90 MIN sleep cycle
- where we have more SLOWER BIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS (HR, RR, temp, BP, musc. tone)
definition of REM
- where we have INCREASED brain ACTIVITY
- is around 25% of the night; where DREAMS occur
what is the TYPICAL SLEEP CYCLE?
- Presleep Period
- 10 - 30 minutes - ~three stages of NREM/REM
- 90 - 110 minutes
**cycles can depend on TOTAL AMOUNT OF TIME person spends sleeping `
presleep period
where person is starting to be AWARE of gradual developing sleepiness
functions of SLEEP
- restoration
- consolidation of memory
- restoring biological processes
- protein synthesis/cell division
- learning/adapting to stress
what are some cases of HOW PHYSICAL ILLNESS can disturb sleep?
- can make you more anxious or cause discomfort during sleep
ex.
resp. - SOB/orthopnea
heart/HT - early morning wakening/fatigue
nocturia - if pregnant/diuretics
GI - link between GI and sleep/gastric acid
restless leg syndrome
recurrent and rhythmical movement of the legs/feet
- itching sensation
insomnia
the MOST COMMON sleep-related complaint
- having CHRONIC DIFFICULTY in falling asleep
sleep apnea
the INABILITY to BREATHE and SLEEP at the same time
- often seen in OBESE/HTN patients; can stop breathing during sleep
narcolepsy
having EXCESSIVE DAYTIME SLEEPINESS
cataplexy
sudden MUSCLE WEAKNESS during INTENSE EMOTIONS or OVERSTIMULATION of MUSCLES
parasomnias
sleep disorders more common in CHILDREN
- nightmares
- enuresis
- somnambulism (sleep walking)
does BED REST guarantee sleep?
no, just because a patient is in bed, does not necessarily mean they are rested–can be having EMOTIONAL distress or pain
neonates
16 hours
infants
15 hours with naps
toddlers
12 hours total with naps
preschoolers
around 12 hours
school-age
between 9 - 12; can vary
adolescents
8 - 10 recommended
young adults
6 - 8.5 hours
middle adults
7 - 9
older adults
can vary
beta-blockers
can cause INSOMNIA or NIGHTMARES
what are drugs and substances that can influence sleep?
- hypnotics
-alcohol; reduces sleep and REm - caffeine
- diuretics; nocturia
Epworth sleepiness scale
scale ranging from 0 - 3
- asks specific 8 questions about likely hood of being sleepy during certain activities
NANDAS
Adequate Sleep
Fatigue
Impaired Sleep
Reduced Fatigue
Sleep Deprivation
