Ethics + Values Flashcards
definition of ETHICS
the STUDY of what is RIGHT vs. WRONG
- can be very difficult as each person has their own different VALUES, BELIEFS & PRECEPTIONS
definition of MORALS
judgement about BEHAVIOR based on SPECIFIC BELIEFS
definition of VALUES
having DEEPLY HELD PERSONAL BELIEFS
- often reflects one’s own social & cultural influences
- can often AFFECT CHOICES & BEHAVIORS
definition of BIOETHICS
branch of ETHICS that is based on HEALTHCARE
- discussions about TRANSPLANTS, genetic testing, or quality of life
definition of AUTONOMY
freedom from EXTERNAL CONTROL; the ABILITY or TENDENCY to FUNCTION INDEPENDENTLY
- having proper INFORMED CONSENT/also includes the patient in DECISION MAKING
definition of BENEFICENCE
doing GOOD or promoting DOING GOOD
ex. listening to a patient and addressing their concerns
definition of NONMALEFICENCE
doing NO HARM
ex. putting side rails up on the hospital bed
definition of JUSTICE
conveying or trying to have FAIRNESS and “equal” DISTRIBUTION of resources
what is the DIFFERENCE between ETHICAL vs. LEGAL ISSUES
ethical often is more specific to ISSUES of BEHAVIOR, while legal is more specific to LAWS
definition of FIDELITY
the agreement to KEEP A PROMISE
- following proper POLICIES and PROCEDURES/having PATIENT COMMITMENT
what are the CODE OF NURSING ETHIC PRINCIPLES?
- ADVOCACY
- RESPONSIBILITY
- ACCOUNTABILITY
- CONFIDENTIALITY
definiton of ADVOCACY
having proper APPLICATION of SKILLS & KNOWLEDGE for the BENEFIT of another person or in this case; for your patient
definition of RESPONSIBILITY
having PROFESSIONAL OBLIGATIONS and being COMPETENT
definition of ACCOUNTABILITY
being able to ANSWER for your OWN ACTIONS; being COMPLIANT with the standards
definition of CONFIDENTIALITY
having the OBLIGATION to respect patient privacy
definition of DEONTOLOGY
defines actions as either RIGHT OR WRONG based on ADHERENCE to RULES or PRINCIPLES
- considers FIDELITY to be promises, truthfulness or justice
- always have to consider EXCEPTIONS
definition of UTILITARIANISM
the VALUE of something is DETERMINED by its usefulness
ex. allocating low resources
definition of CONSEQUENTIALISM
focusing on the specific OUTCOMES or CONSEQUENCES
ex. doing a life-threatening surgery despite the risks; could have a greater benefit
definition of CASUISTRY
specific CASE-BASED REASONING
- focusing on DETAILS of the situation; looking for similar or precedent cases to compare
definition of FEMINIST ETHICS
looking and observing the NATURE OF RELATIONSHIPS to make specific decisions
- understanding relationships where certain people are ignored/have unequal power
definition of ETHICS of CARE
having the DELIVERY of HEALTH CARE based on ETHICAL PRINCIPLES and STANDARDS OF CARE
important to remember as a nurse; POV
we spend the most TIME with patients!
- see them at their most intimate and lowest; may be the only person that they are comfortable with about their issues
definition of ETHICAL DILEMMAS
where TWO OPPOSING COURSES of ACTION can both be JUSTIFIED by ETHICAL PRINCIPLES
ex. lying to a patient about medication so they can take it
definition of MORAL DISTRESS
where there is moral conflict about COMPLETING A CERTAIN ACTION; the nurse believes said action is WRONG
ex. putting the patient off life support, even if it isn’t in the patient’s best interest
what are the STEPS to process an ethical dilemma?
- Is this an ethical issue?
- i should gather all relevant info.
- what are the ethical parts of this problem? what are my values?
- what is the problem, what is the name?
- what can i do?
- i should make an action plan and initiate it.
- what happened after i initiated my action plan?
what are some issues in HEALTH CARE ETHICS?
social media - is this a SOURCE OF SUPPORT or is it a RISK OF PATIENT PRIVACY?
care at the end of life - what is a “good death”/pain
access to health care - discussion of costs, insurance, etc…
quality of life - would this be a burden for the pt’s family members? what are the benefits?
definition of ETHIC COMMITTEES
groups focused on teaching and processing ethical issues
- use of different backgrounds and consultations
-revises and develops policies
- helps to reduce moral distress
