Ethics + Values

Question 1

definition of ETHICS

Answer 1

the STUDY of what is RIGHT vs. WRONG
- can be very difficult as each person has their own different VALUES, BELIEFS & PRECEPTIONS

Question 2

definition of MORALS

Answer 2

judgement about BEHAVIOR based on SPECIFIC BELIEFS

Question 3

definition of VALUES

Answer 3

having DEEPLY HELD PERSONAL BELIEFS
- often reflects one’s own social & cultural influences
- can often AFFECT CHOICES & BEHAVIORS

Question 4

definition of BIOETHICS

Answer 4

branch of ETHICS that is based on HEALTHCARE
- discussions about TRANSPLANTS, genetic testing, or quality of life

Question 5

definition of AUTONOMY

Answer 5

freedom from EXTERNAL CONTROL; the ABILITY or TENDENCY to FUNCTION INDEPENDENTLY
- having proper INFORMED CONSENT/also includes the patient in DECISION MAKING

Question 6

definition of BENEFICENCE

Answer 6

doing GOOD or promoting DOING GOOD
ex. listening to a patient and addressing their concerns

Question 7

definition of NONMALEFICENCE

Answer 7

doing NO HARM
ex. putting side rails up on the hospital bed

Question 8

definition of JUSTICE

Answer 8

conveying or trying to have FAIRNESS and “equal” DISTRIBUTION of resources

Question 9

what is the DIFFERENCE between ETHICAL vs. LEGAL ISSUES

Answer 9

ethical often is more specific to ISSUES of BEHAVIOR, while legal is more specific to LAWS

Question 10

definition of FIDELITY

Answer 10

the agreement to KEEP A PROMISE
- following proper POLICIES and PROCEDURES/having PATIENT COMMITMENT

Question 11

what are the CODE OF NURSING ETHIC PRINCIPLES?

Answer 11

• ADVOCACY
• RESPONSIBILITY
• ACCOUNTABILITY
• CONFIDENTIALITY

Question 12

definiton of ADVOCACY

Answer 12

having proper APPLICATION of SKILLS & KNOWLEDGE for the BENEFIT of another person or in this case; for your patient

Question 13

definition of RESPONSIBILITY

Answer 13

having PROFESSIONAL OBLIGATIONS and being COMPETENT

Question 14

definition of ACCOUNTABILITY

Answer 14

being able to ANSWER for your OWN ACTIONS; being COMPLIANT with the standards

Question 15

definition of CONFIDENTIALITY

Answer 15

having the OBLIGATION to respect patient privacy

Question 16

definition of DEONTOLOGY

Answer 16

defines actions as either RIGHT OR WRONG based on ADHERENCE to RULES or PRINCIPLES
- considers FIDELITY to be promises, truthfulness or justice
- always have to consider EXCEPTIONS

Question 17

definition of UTILITARIANISM

Answer 17

the VALUE of something is DETERMINED by its usefulness
ex. allocating low resources

Question 18

definition of CONSEQUENTIALISM

Answer 18

focusing on the specific OUTCOMES or CONSEQUENCES
ex. doing a life-threatening surgery despite the risks; could have a greater benefit

Question 19

definition of CASUISTRY

Answer 19

specific CASE-BASED REASONING
- focusing on DETAILS of the situation; looking for similar or precedent cases to compare

Question 20

definition of FEMINIST ETHICS

Answer 20

looking and observing the NATURE OF RELATIONSHIPS to make specific decisions
- understanding relationships where certain people are ignored/have unequal power

Question 21

definition of ETHICS of CARE

Answer 21

having the DELIVERY of HEALTH CARE based on ETHICAL PRINCIPLES and STANDARDS OF CARE

Question 22

important to remember as a nurse; POV

Answer 22

we spend the most TIME with patients!
- see them at their most intimate and lowest; may be the only person that they are comfortable with about their issues

Question 23

definition of ETHICAL DILEMMAS

Answer 23

where TWO OPPOSING COURSES of ACTION can both be JUSTIFIED by ETHICAL PRINCIPLES
ex. lying to a patient about medication so they can take it

Question 24

definition of MORAL DISTRESS

Answer 24

where there is moral conflict about COMPLETING A CERTAIN ACTION; the nurse believes said action is WRONG
ex. putting the patient off life support, even if it isn’t in the patient’s best interest

Question 25

what are the STEPS to process an ethical dilemma?

Answer 25

1. Is this an ethical issue?
2. i should gather all relevant info.
3. what are the ethical parts of this problem? what are my values?
4. what is the problem, what is the name?
5. what can i do?
6. i should make an action plan and initiate it.
7. what happened after i initiated my action plan?

Question 26

what are some issues in HEALTH CARE ETHICS?

Answer 26

social media - is this a SOURCE OF SUPPORT or is it a RISK OF PATIENT PRIVACY?

care at the end of life - what is a “good death”/pain

access to health care - discussion of costs, insurance, etc…

quality of life - would this be a burden for the pt’s family members? what are the benefits?

Question 27

definition of ETHIC COMMITTEES

Answer 27

groups focused on teaching and processing ethical issues
- use of different backgrounds and consultations
-revises and develops policies
- helps to reduce moral distress