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NURS 200 > Health & Wellness > Flashcards

Health & Wellness Flashcards

1
Q

what is the DEFINITION OF HEALTH?

A

state of complete PHYSICAL, MENTAL, & SOCIAL WELL-BEING–not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

**can also mean a state of people DEFINE IN RELATION TO THEIR OWN VALUES, PERSONALITY, & LIFESTYLE

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2
Q

why do we use MODELS?

A
  • can help EXPLAIN COMPLEX CONCEPTS or IDEAS
  • helps people understand the BIG PICTURE
  • helps us to TEST and OBSERVE; observe the CAUSE & the EFFECT
  • can influence one’s health behavior - in a positive or negative way
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3
Q

what is the HEALTH BELIEF MODEL? and what are its main components?

A

addresses the relationship between a person’s BELIEFS & BEHAVIORS

  • INDIVIDUALS PERCEPTION OF SUSCEPTIBILITY/SERIOUSNESS of the DISEASE
  • MODIFYING FACTORS/ACTION CUES that can change that perception
  • INDIVIDUALS LIKELIHOOD to take ACTION
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4
Q

what is the HEALTH PROMOTION MODEL?

A
  • defines HEALTH as a positive & dynamic state—not just absence of disease
  • increases a patient’s level of well-being
  • describes multidimensional nature of people in their health environment
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5
Q

what are the HEALTH PROMOTION MODEL’s areas of focus?

A
  1. INDIVIDUAL CHARACTERISTICS & EXPERIENCES
    **past experiences/behaviors/factors
  2. BEHAVIOR-SPECIFIC COGNITIONS & AFFECT
    **different perceptions/influences
  3. BEHAVIORAL OUTCOMES
    **committment to a plan/health-promoting behavior
    - helping patient by modifying different variables & use of nursing interventions
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6
Q

describe MASLOW’S HIEARCHY OF NEEDS

A

helps to understand the INTERRRELATIONSHIPS of basic human needs

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7
Q

explain the HIERARCHY LEVELS OF MASLOW
(top to bottom)

A
  • SELF-ACTUALIZATION
  • SELF-ESTEEM
  • LOVE & BELONGING NEEDS
    (safety & security)
  • PHYSICAL SAFETY/PSYCHOLOGICAL SAFETY
    (physiological)
  • OXYGEN/FLUIDS/NUTRITION/BODY TEMP/ELIMINATION/SHELTER/SEX
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8
Q

what is the HOLISTIC HEALTH MODEL?

A

attempt to create CONDITIONS that promote optimal health

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9
Q

what are the VARIABLES that INFLUENCE HEALTH & HEALTH BELIEFS?

A

can have either INTERNAL or EXTERNAL VARIABLES

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10
Q

what are our INTERNAL VARIABLES?

A
  • developmental stage
  • type of intellectual background of pt.
  • perception of functioning
  • emotional factors (stress, anxiety, depression)
  • spiritual factors
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11
Q

what are our EXTERNAL VARIABLES?

A
  • family role & practices
  • our SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH
  • culture
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12
Q

what are the SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH?

A
  1. economic stability
  2. education access & quality
  3. health care access & quality
  4. neighborhood & environment
  5. social & community context
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13
Q

definition fo HEALTH PROMOTION

A

helps individuals MAINTAIN or ENHANCE their present health

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14
Q

health education

A

helps people DEVELOP A GREATER UNDERSTANDING of their health & how to better manage their health risks

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15
Q

illness prevention

A

PROTECTS people from ACTUAL OR POTENTIAL THREATS to health

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16
Q

what are the THREE LEVELS OF PREVENTION?

A
  • PRIMARY PREVENTION
  • SECONDARY PREVENTION
  • TERTIARY PREVENTION
17
Q

definition of PRIMARY PREVENTION

A

true prevention that lowers the chances that a disease will develop
ex. IMMUNIZATIONS, or HAND HYGIENE

18
Q

definition of SECONDARY PREVENTION

A

focuses on individuals who have HEALTH PROBLEMS or ILLNESSES
- focus on people who are at RISK FOR DEVELOPING COMPLICATIONS or WORSENING CONDITIONS

ex. antibiotics, diagnosing and interventions

19
Q

definition of TERTIARY PREVENTION

A

occurs when a DEFECT OR DISABILITY is PERMANENT OR IRREVERSIBLE

ex. oxygen therapy/rehabilitation

20
Q
A
21
Q

what is the DEFINITION OF RISK FACTORS ?

A

specific VARIABLES that increase the VULNERABILITY of an individual or a group to an illness or accident

22
Q

what are OUR RISK FACTORS?

A
  • NONMODIFIABLE RISK FACTORS
    (age, gender, race)
  • MODIFIABLE RISK FACTORS
    (lifestyle changes–alcohol, exercise, sleep)
  • ENVIRONMENT
    (water, soil, pollution, etc…)
23
Q

what are the LEVELS OF THE TRANSTHEORETICAL MODEL OF CHANGE?

A

PRECONTEMPLATION
CONTEMPLATION
PREPARATION
ACTION
MAINTENANCE

24
Q

describe the PRECONTEMPLATION STAGE

A

where the patient has not thought of changing behavior; is UNAWARE of the issue

25
Q

describe the CONTEMPLATION STAGE

A

patients who have thought about changing behavior; beginning to address ISSUES & QUESTIONS

  • have an INVESTMENT OF ENERGY–not ready but OPEN about the topic
26
Q

describe the PREPARATION STAGE

A

patient is READY; looking into methods or diversions

27
Q

describe the ACTION STAGE

A

patient is ACTIVELY DOING the model of change; have started the change!

28
Q

describe the MAINTENANCE STAGE

A

maintaining the behavior for LONGER THAN 6 MONTHS

29
Q

definition of ILLNESS

A

state in which a person’s PHYSICAL, EMOTIONAL, INTELLECTUAL, SOCIAL, DEVELOPMENTAL or SPIRITUAL FUNCTIONING is DIMINISHED OR IMPAIRED

30
Q

what is the DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ACUTE ILLNESS vs. CHRONIC ILLNESS?

A

ACUTE ILLNESS:
short duration and severe

CHRONIC ILLNESS:
persists longer than 6 months

31
Q

definition of ILLNESS BEHAVIOR

A

involves how PEOPLE MONITOR THEIR BODIES and define & interpret their symptoms
- involves VARIABLES–both INTERNAL & EXTERNAL

32
Q

what are the INTERNAL VARIABLES (ILLNESS BEHAVIOR)

A

the patient’s PERCEPTION OF ILLNESS & NATURE OF ILLNESS
ex. pain tolerance

33
Q

what are the EXTERNAL VARIABLES (ILLNESS BEHAVIOR)?

A
  • VISIBILITY OF SYMPTOMS
  • SOCIAL GROUP
  • CULTURAL BACKGROUND
  • ECONOMICS
  • HEALTH CARE ACCESSIBILITY
34
Q

what are the IMPACTS OF ILLNESS on the patient & family?

A

**again this is DEPENDENT ON THE TYPE OF DISEASE; different impacts depending on SEVERITY/VISIBILITY

  • BEHAVIORAL & EMOTIONAL CHANGES
  • IMPACT ON BODY IMAGE
  • IMPACT ON SELF-CONCEPT
  • IMPACT ON FAMILY ROLES
  • IMPACT ON FAMILY DYNAMICS

NURS 200 (24 decks)

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