Skin & Endocrine system Flashcards
4 main functions of the skin
1 protection
2 Thermoregulation
3 sensation
4 secretion
Extensive skin lesions
Those that involve multiple body sites or critical body areas, and result in very serious limitations
Aprocrine gland
A type of sweat gland in the upper portion of hair follicle instead of directly onto skin
Axila
Essentially the armpit
Bulla (-ae)
A large vesicle (blister) usually 2 cm. Or larger, containing fluid
Bullous penphigoid
A chronic, generalized eruption of bullae (blister) over skin, resembling but distinguished from pemphigus
Cutaneous
Pertaining to the skin
Eccrine gland
Ordinary sweat glands distributed over almost the entire body surface and promote cooling of the body through evaporation of their secretion
Cyst
An abnormal sac containing gas, fluid, or a semi-solid material
Eczema
A superficial inflammation primarily of the epidermis
Erythroderma
Abnormal redness of the skin, usually widespread of body
Fissure
A crack or split in the superficial tissue
Fungate
To grow rapidly like fungus
Lesion
Any injury or abnormal change to a tissue or organ
Hidradenitis Suppurativa
A disease of the apocrine sweat glands (locates in the axilla and perineum) marked by chronic draining and sinus tract information in the deepest layers of the cutaneous tissue
Mycotic infection
Any disease caused by fungus
Ichthyosis
Characterized by fish-like or plate-like scales
Pemphigus
Term for a group of skin diseases characterized by successive crops of bullae
Photosensitivity
Abnormally heightened reactivity to sunlight or ultraviolet light
Dermatitis
Any inflammation of the skin
Erythema
Redness of skin
Pruritus
Itching
Exfoliative dermatitis
A skin condition evolving from any of several preceding skin disorders. Erythema covering most of skin with shedding of damaged skin
Psoriasis
A chronic, hereditary, recurrent skin disorder at the knees, elbows, and other pressure points
Purpura
Purple or brownish-Red discoloration caused by hemorrhaging
Purulent
Consisting or containing pus
Sebaceous gland
Produces an oily substance which helps to keep the skin lubricated
Sinus
Abnormal channel or tract permitting the escape of pus
Subcutaneous
Under the skin
Sweat glands
Sudoriferous gland
ulcerate
To result in a loss of surface layers of skin
Vesicle
A small blister
Xeroderma Pigmentosum
A rare pigment art and strophic disease that causes sensitivity to UV and light
Acidosis
A pathological accumulation of acids in the blood
Addison disease
Adrenocortical insufficiency (hypoadrenalism)
Adrenal gland
Endocrine gland above kidneys
Coma
Unconsciousness resulting from accumulation of toxic metabolites in severe acidosis
Cushing disease
Results from excessive secretion of the hormone.
Rounding of face, neck, and trunk W/ hypertension
Diabetes insipidus
Great thirst and diluted urine. Blood sugars are normal
Diabetes mellitus
Type 1 pancreas doesn’t produce insulin
Type 2 inability of the cells to react to insulin
Exophthalmos
Protruding eyeballs usually hyperthyroidism
Glucose
Common body sugar
Goiter
Enlargement of the thyroid glands
Graves’ disease
Hyperthyroidism
Hirsutism
Abnormal hairiness in women
Hormone
Chemical substance that stimulates certain body activities
Hyper
Excessive
Hypo
Deficient
Insulin
Hormone produced in the pancreas that regulates sugar in metabolism
Neuropathy
A functional disturbance in the peripheral nervous system
Pancreas
The gland that produces insulin
Parathyroid glands
4 glands major function is the regulation of the metabolism of calcium and phosphorous
Pituitary gland
Governing gland of the body
Poly
Many or much
Polydipsia
Excessive thirst
Polyphagia
Excessive eating
Polyuria
Excessive urinating
Proprioception
The ability to sense the position, orientation, location, and movement of body parts
Retinopathy
non-inflammatory disease of retina
Thyroid gland
An gland that regulates metabolism
Thyroxine (T4)
Made synthetically for treatment of thyroid disorders
Vitrectomy
Blood and gel removed from the eye and replaced with saline solution
Biopsy
Removal of tissue for diagnostic purposes
Chromosome
The part of cell nucleus containing hereditary material or genes
Congenital
Present at birth
Congenital anomaly
Malformation present at birth
Down syndrome
Mental and physical symptoms that result from an extra 21 chromosome
Epicanthal fold
Fold of skin of the upper eyelid
Mosaic Down Syndrome
Some cells have the normal number of 46 and some have 47
Non-Mosaic Down Syndrome
Most common form 21 trisomy or 21 translocation
Trisomy
Abnormal condition resulting in 47 chromosomes
