Skin & Endocrine system Flashcards by Mandy Alavazarez

4 main functions of the skin

1 protection
2 Thermoregulation
3 sensation
4 secretion

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Extensive skin lesions

Those that involve multiple body sites or critical body areas, and result in very serious limitations

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Aprocrine gland

A type of sweat gland in the upper portion of hair follicle instead of directly onto skin

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Axila

Essentially the armpit

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Bulla (-ae)

A large vesicle (blister) usually 2 cm. Or larger, containing fluid

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Bullous penphigoid

A chronic, generalized eruption of bullae (blister) over skin, resembling but distinguished from pemphigus

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Cutaneous

Pertaining to the skin

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Eccrine gland

Ordinary sweat glands distributed over almost the entire body surface and promote cooling of the body through evaporation of their secretion

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Cyst

An abnormal sac containing gas, fluid, or a semi-solid material

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Eczema

A superficial inflammation primarily of the epidermis

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Erythroderma

Abnormal redness of the skin, usually widespread of body

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Fissure

A crack or split in the superficial tissue

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Fungate

To grow rapidly like fungus

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Lesion

Any injury or abnormal change to a tissue or organ

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Hidradenitis Suppurativa

A disease of the apocrine sweat glands (locates in the axilla and perineum) marked by chronic draining and sinus tract information in the deepest layers of the cutaneous tissue

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Mycotic infection

Any disease caused by fungus

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Ichthyosis

Characterized by fish-like or plate-like scales

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Pemphigus

Term for a group of skin diseases characterized by successive crops of bullae

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Photosensitivity

Abnormally heightened reactivity to sunlight or ultraviolet light

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Dermatitis

Any inflammation of the skin

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Erythema

Redness of skin

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Pruritus

Itching

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Exfoliative dermatitis

A skin condition evolving from any of several preceding skin disorders. Erythema covering most of skin with shedding of damaged skin

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Psoriasis

A chronic, hereditary, recurrent skin disorder at the knees, elbows, and other pressure points

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Purpura

Purple or brownish-Red discoloration caused by hemorrhaging

Purulent

Consisting or containing pus

Sebaceous gland

Produces an oily substance which helps to keep the skin lubricated

Sinus

Abnormal channel or tract permitting the escape of pus

Subcutaneous

Under the skin

Sweat glands

Sudoriferous gland

ulcerate

To result in a loss of surface layers of skin

Vesicle

A small blister

Xeroderma Pigmentosum

A rare pigment art and strophic disease that causes sensitivity to UV and light

Acidosis

A pathological accumulation of acids in the blood

Addison disease

Adrenocortical insufficiency (hypoadrenalism)

Adrenal gland

Endocrine gland above kidneys

Coma

Unconsciousness resulting from accumulation of toxic metabolites in severe acidosis

Cushing disease

Results from excessive secretion of the hormone. | Rounding of face, neck, and trunk W/ hypertension

Diabetes insipidus

Great thirst and diluted urine. Blood sugars are normal

Diabetes mellitus

Type 1 pancreas doesn’t produce insulin | Type 2 inability of the cells to react to insulin

Exophthalmos

Protruding eyeballs usually hyperthyroidism

Glucose

Common body sugar

Goiter

Enlargement of the thyroid glands

Graves’ disease

Hyperthyroidism

Hirsutism

Abnormal hairiness in women

Hormone

Chemical substance that stimulates certain body activities

Hyper

Excessive

Hypo

Deficient

Insulin

Hormone produced in the pancreas that regulates sugar in metabolism

Neuropathy

A functional disturbance in the peripheral nervous system

Pancreas

The gland that produces insulin

Parathyroid glands

4 glands major function is the regulation of the metabolism of calcium and phosphorous

Pituitary gland

Governing gland of the body

Poly

Many or much

Polydipsia

Excessive thirst

Polyphagia

Excessive eating

Polyuria

Excessive urinating

Proprioception

The ability to sense the position, orientation, location, and movement of body parts

Retinopathy

non-inflammatory disease of retina

Thyroid gland

An gland that regulates metabolism

Thyroxine (T4)

Made synthetically for treatment of thyroid disorders

Vitrectomy

Blood and gel removed from the eye and replaced with saline solution

Biopsy

Removal of tissue for diagnostic purposes

Chromosome

The part of cell nucleus containing hereditary material or genes

Congenital

Present at birth

Congenital anomaly

Malformation present at birth

Down syndrome

Mental and physical symptoms that result from an extra 21 chromosome

Epicanthal fold

Fold of skin of the upper eyelid

Mosaic Down Syndrome

Some cells have the normal number of 46 and some have 47

Non-Mosaic Down Syndrome

Most common form 21 trisomy or 21 translocation

Trisomy

Abnormal condition resulting in 47 chromosomes