Skeletons and Muscle (2) Flashcards
what are the 3 major types of muscle ?
- Skeletal Muscle
- Cardial uscle
- Smooth Muscle
what are the main functions of the muscular system ?
- movement (skeletal muscles responsile for locomotion)
- Posture (important in keeping body in puroght position)
what are stabilizing joints ?
- muscle that pull bones into correct position to hold joint in a stable postition, which mantains joint health, defence from Arthritis
generating heat
what is the function of the muscular system ?
- ATP is used to power muscle contractions but energy is lost as heat
- heat is used to mantain normal body temperature thefore muscle is important
generating heat
what is the function of the muscular system ?
- ATP is used to power muscle contractions but energy is lost as heat
- heat is used to mantain normal body temperature thefore muscle is important
what are the name of the muscles in the upper limb ?
- deitoid
- pectoralis major
- biceps branchii
- branchioradialis
- flexor carpi
- extensor carpi
what are the muscle of the upper leg ?
not on exam !!
- Vastus lateralis
- Vastus Medialis
- Vastus Intermedius
- Rectus Femoris
what are the muscles in the lower leg ?
not on examssss!!!
- Tibialis anterior
- Fibularis longus
- Extensor digitorum longus
- Fibularies brevis
what is an origin ?
the anchor of muscle and is attched to the less movable bone or piece of connectiv tissue
what is isertion?
this is attached to the movable bone/connective tissue
what happens to the isertion and origin during muscle contraction ?
the insertion moves towards the origin
what are the different movements thata muscle can do ?
- flexion
- extention
- rotation
- abduction
- adduction
what are the different movements thata muscle can do ?
- flexion
- extention
- rotation
- abduction
- adduction
ON EXAM !!!
what is flexion ?
ON EXAM !!!
decreases the angle of the joint so the attached bones are brought closer together
what is extention ?
ON EXAM !!!
increases angle of joint and bones are pushed further apart (oppostive of felxion)
what is rotation ?
ON EXAM !!!
movement of bone around longitudinal axis
what is abduction ?
ON EXAM !!!
movement of a limb away from midline
what is adduction ?
ON EXAM !!!
movement of limb towards midline
what are the special functions of SKELETAL muscle fibres ?
ON EXAM !!!
- responsiveness- muscle fibres can receive and respond to stimuli for. nerves
- contractility (motor neurons)- can shorten when stimulated
- extensibility- they can stretch
- elesticity- thye can recoil after stretching and return to the “resting” lenght
jouney of a nerve impulse
- nerve impulse reaches axon terminal of motor neuron
- calcium channel open and alloe calcium into the axon terminal
- calcium stimulates synaptic vescicles to release Acetylcholine
- Acetylcholine opens ion channels in muscle fibre allowing sodium ions into fibre and potassium ions out
- sodium diffuses down a muscle fibre cell creating an action potential
whta does quadroceps mean ?
- 4 headed
- containes 4 muscles
what is a gastrocnemius ?
calf muscle of the leg
Each individual muscle is anchored in at least…….
2 points to either bone or connective tissue
