Respiratory Control Flashcards
how many breaths per min ?
12 to 18
where does the control of our breathing occur ?
In the brain stem:
1. The pneumotaxix centre / inspiration centre
2. Apneustic centre / expiratory centre
3. Rhythmicity centre (medulla)
where does the control of our breathing occur ?
In the brain stem:
1. The pneumotaxix centre / inspiration centre
2. Apneustic centre / expiratory centre
3. Rhythmicity centre (medulla)
what does the rhytmicity centre consist of ?
- Dorsal respiratory Group Of neurons (DRG)
- Ventral Respiratory Group of neurons (VRG)
what does the rhytmicity centre consist of ?
- Dorsal respiratory Group Of neurons (DRG)
- Ventral Respiratory Group of neurons (VRG)
whar does DRG stand for ?
What does VRG stand for ?
What occurs in the DRG ?
- Inspiratory neurons
- Pacemaker activity
- expiration occurs when inspiratory neurons cease firing
what occurs in the VRG?
- Both inspiratory and expiratory neurons
- Inactive during normal quiet breathing
- “kicks in” when psychological demands for respiration are high
what occurs in the VRG?
- Both inspiratory and expiratory neurons
- Inactive during normal quiet breathing
- “kicks in” when psychological demands for respiration are high
What happens in the pneumotaxic centre (pons) ?
- Involved in fine tuning of the rhythmicity centre
- Responsible for switching off inspiration
What happens in the pneumotaxic centre (pons) ?
- Involved in fine tuning of the rhythmicity centre
- Responsible for switching off inspiration
What happens in the apneustic centre (Pons) ?
- Again involved in fine tuning of the rhythmicity centre
- BLOCKS switching off of inspiration
What happens in the apneustic centre (Pons) ?
- Again involved in fine tuning of the rhythmicity centre
- BLOCKS switching off of inspiration
What types of stimuli are there ?
- Emotional Stimuli
- Chemical Stimuli
- Physical Stimuli
- Sensory Stimuli
waht are Mechano-receptors ?
- Stretch receptors
(respiratory, diaphragm, lungs and posture muscles) - Slowly adapting stretch receptors (SAR) (Lungs)
what are Peripheral chemo-receptors
?
-mainly sensitive to PO2
* Carotid bodies
Sensitive to PO2, PCO2 and [H+]
Afferent signals via the glossopharyngeal nerve
* Aortic bodies
Sensitive to PO2, PCO2 but not [H+]
Afferent signals via the vagus nerve
what are Peripheral chemo-receptors
?
-mainly sensitive to PO2
* Carotid bodies
Sensitive to PO2, PCO2 and [H+]
Afferent signals via the glossopharyngeal nerve
* Aortic bodies
Sensitive to PO2, PCO2 but not [H+]
Afferent signals via the vagus nerve
what are Central chemo-receptors
?
- Located on ventral surface of medulla
- Sensitive PCO2 via cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) [H+]
what are Central chemo-receptors
?
- Located on ventral surface of medulla
- Sensitive PCO2 via cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) [H+]
central chemoreceptor
The PCO2 is the number one driver of respiration
central chemoreceptor
The PCO2 is the number one driver of respiration
Peripheral chemoreceptors
The PO2 is the most important stimuli in the peripherals, however, must fall drastically to affect breathing (below 60mmHg)
