Respiratory Control

Question 1

how many breaths per min ?

Answer 1

12 to 18

Question 2

where does the control of our breathing occur ?

Answer 2

In the brain stem:
1. The pneumotaxix centre / inspiration centre
2. Apneustic centre / expiratory centre
3. Rhythmicity centre (medulla)

Question 2

where does the control of our breathing occur ?

Answer 2

In the brain stem:
1. The pneumotaxix centre / inspiration centre
2. Apneustic centre / expiratory centre
3. Rhythmicity centre (medulla)

Question 3

what does the rhytmicity centre consist of ?

Answer 3

• Dorsal respiratory Group Of neurons (DRG)
• Ventral Respiratory Group of neurons (VRG)

Question 3

what does the rhytmicity centre consist of ?

Answer 3

• Dorsal respiratory Group Of neurons (DRG)
• Ventral Respiratory Group of neurons (VRG)

Question 4

whar does DRG stand for ?

Answer 4

What does VRG stand for ?

Question 5

What occurs in the DRG ?

Answer 5

1. Inspiratory neurons
2. Pacemaker activity
3. expiration occurs when inspiratory neurons cease firing

Question 6

what occurs in the VRG?

Answer 6

1. Both inspiratory and expiratory neurons
2. Inactive during normal quiet breathing
3. “kicks in” when psychological demands for respiration are high

Question 6

what occurs in the VRG?

Answer 6

1. Both inspiratory and expiratory neurons
2. Inactive during normal quiet breathing
3. “kicks in” when psychological demands for respiration are high

Question 7

What happens in the pneumotaxic centre (pons) ?

Answer 7

• Involved in fine tuning of the rhythmicity centre
• Responsible for switching off inspiration

Question 7

What happens in the pneumotaxic centre (pons) ?

Answer 7

• Involved in fine tuning of the rhythmicity centre
• Responsible for switching off inspiration

Question 8

What happens in the apneustic centre (Pons) ?

Answer 8

• Again involved in fine tuning of the rhythmicity centre
• BLOCKS switching off of inspiration

Question 9

What happens in the apneustic centre (Pons) ?

Answer 9

• Again involved in fine tuning of the rhythmicity centre
• BLOCKS switching off of inspiration

Question 10

What types of stimuli are there ?

Answer 10

1. Emotional Stimuli
2. Chemical Stimuli
3. Physical Stimuli
4. Sensory Stimuli

Question 11

waht are Mechano-receptors ?

Answer 11

• Stretch receptors
  (respiratory, diaphragm, lungs and posture muscles)
• Slowly adapting stretch receptors (SAR) (Lungs)

Question 12

what are Peripheral chemo-receptors
?

Answer 12

-mainly sensitive to PO2
* Carotid bodies
Sensitive to PO2, PCO2 and [H+]
Afferent signals via the glossopharyngeal nerve
* Aortic bodies
Sensitive to PO2, PCO2 but not [H+]
Afferent signals via the vagus nerve

Question 12

what are Peripheral chemo-receptors
?

Answer 12

-mainly sensitive to PO2
* Carotid bodies
Sensitive to PO2, PCO2 and [H+]
Afferent signals via the glossopharyngeal nerve
* Aortic bodies
Sensitive to PO2, PCO2 but not [H+]
Afferent signals via the vagus nerve

Question 13

what are Central chemo-receptors
?

Answer 13

• Located on ventral surface of medulla
• Sensitive PCO2 via cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) [H+]

Question 13

what are Central chemo-receptors
?

Answer 13

• Located on ventral surface of medulla
• Sensitive PCO2 via cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) [H+]

Question 14

central chemoreceptor

Answer 14

The PCO2 is the number one driver of respiration

Question 15

central chemoreceptor

Answer 15

The PCO2 is the number one driver of respiration

Question 16

Peripheral chemoreceptors

Answer 16

The PO2 is the most important stimuli in the peripherals, however, must fall drastically to affect breathing (below 60mmHg)