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A + P 1 Before Midterm > Skeleton of the Head > Flashcards

Skeleton of the Head Flashcards

1
Q

What are the functions of the skeleton of the head?

A
  • protection of the brain and special organs
  • allowing the passage of nerves, blood vessels, and lymphatics
  • providing areas for attatchment of muscles
  • framework for face
  • supporting the entrance of the respiratory and digestive systems
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2
Q

How many bones are in the skeleton of the skull

A

22

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3
Q

What are the two sets of bones of the skeleton of the head

A

Cranial: form the cranial cavity enclosing the brain
Facial:form the skeleton of the face

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4
Q

How many bones make up the cranial bones? What are they?

A

8: frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, sphenoid, ethmoid

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5
Q

What does the frontal bone form?

A

forehead, roof of orbits, most of the anterior part of the floor of the cranial cavity

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6
Q

What do the parietal bones form?

A

form the greater portion of the sides and roof of the cranial cavity?

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7
Q

What is the inner surface of the parietal bones marked with?

A

protrusions and depressions to accommodate blood vessels and the outer covering of the brain

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8
Q

What does the temporal bones form?

A

the inferior lateral aspects of the skull

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9
Q

What does the occipital bone form?

A

posterior part of the skull

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10
Q

What are the special features of the occipital bone?

A

contains the foramen magnum

joints with the VC with skull forming the atlanto-occipital joint via occipital condyles

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11
Q

What forms the jugular foramen?

A

both the occipital and temporal bones

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12
Q

What cranial bone articulates with all other cranial bones?

A

sphenoid

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13
Q

What cranial bone resembles a butterfly with stretched wings

A

sphenoid

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14
Q

Where does the sphenoid bone lie?

A

posterior and superior to the nasal cavity

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15
Q

What does the sphenoid bone form?

A

part of the orbit and the floor of the cranial cavity

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16
Q

What cranial bone is sponge-like in appearance

A

ethmoid

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17
Q

Where is the ethmoid bone located

A

in the anterior of the floor of the cranial fossa

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18
Q

What does the ethmoid bone form

A

part of the nasal septum and superior side of the walls of the nasal cavities

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19
Q

How many bones are facial bones?

A

14

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20
Q

What are the facial bones? (include if they’re paired or single)

A 
Nasal (2)
Lacrimal (2)
Palatine (2)
Inferior nasal concha (2) 
Vomer (1)
Maxillae (2)
Zygomatic (2)
Mandible (1)
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21
Q

Where is the lacrimal bone located

A

close to medial part of the orbit

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22
Q

What connects the orbit with the nasal cavity

A

lacrimal canal of the lacrimal bone

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23
Q

What are the palatine bones shaped like

A

L shaped

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24
Q

Where are the palatine bones located

A

part of the posterior part of the hard palate

25
Q

What are the inferior nasal concha bones?

A

lower most projection into nasal cavity, separate from ethmoid

26
Q

What is the strongest bone in the facial skeleton

A

zygomatic

27
Q

What bones from the cheekbones?

A

zygomatic

28
Q

What bones form the zygomatic arch?

A

temporal and zygomatic

29
Q

What does the vomer form

A

inferior portion of the bony nasal septum

30
Q

What bone articulates with all of the bones of the facial skeleton except the mandible

A

maxillae

31
Q

What does the maxillae form?

A

part of the orbits, lateral walls and floor of the nasal cavity and hard palate

32
Q

What bone contains the largest of paranasal sinuses ?

A

maxillae

33
Q

What does the maxillae contain

A

largest of paranasal sinuses, infraorbital foramen, upper teeth, maxillary sinuses

34
Q

What is the largest facial bone

A

mandible

35
Q

What is the only moveable bone in the skull

A

mandible

36
Q

What bones from the TMJ

A

temporal bone and mandible

37
Q

What is the purpose sutures

A

to hold firmly the bones of the skull together

38
Q

What type of joints are sutures

A

fibrous joints

39
Q

What are the main sutures of the skull

A

squamous, lamboid, sagittal, coronal

40
Q

What do the squamous sutures unite?

A

unites the parietal bone with temporal bone

41
Q

What do the lamboid sutures unite?

A

unites parietal bones with the occipital bone

42
Q

What do the sagittal sutures unite?

A

unites parietal bones

43
Q

What do the coronal sutures unite?

A

unites frontal bone with the two parietal bones

44
Q

What is a sinus?

A

cavity filled with air in skeleton of the head

45
Q

What are paranasal sinuses?

A

cavities around the nasal cavity within bones of the skull that are lined with extensions of the nasal mucous membrane

46
Q

Where do the paranasal sinuses open to?

A

all open into the nasal cavity

47
Q

What are the paranasal sinuses?

A

frontal, maxillary, sphenoidal, ethmoidal

48
Q

What is the purpose of the paranasal sinuses?

A
  • lighten the weight of the skull reducing muscle effort to keep it erect against gravity
  • contribute to the preparation of air for lungs by warming, cleaning, and moisturizing inhaled air
  • serve as resonating chambers for the sounds we speak/sing
49
Q

What is the purpose of fontanelles?

A

as spacers for growth of skull and providing flexibility to the fetal skull during delivery

50
Q

What are the 6 fontanelles?

A

anterior
posterior
anterolateral
posterolatersal

51
Q

what bone does not articulate with any other bone

A

hyoid

52
Q

Where is the hyoid bone located?

A

anterior of the neck

53
Q

How is it possible that the hyoid bone does not articulate with any other bone?

A

suspended by ligaments and muscles

54
Q

What is the purpose of the hyoid bone

A

supports the tongue and provides attachment for muscle of the neck and pharynx

55
Q

What are the synovial joints of the skull

A

only one: TMJ

56
Q

What type of joint in the TMJ

A

combined hinge and plannar

57
Q

What are the articulating surfaces of the TMJ

A
  • condylar process of the mandible
  • mandibular fossa of the temporal bone
  • articular tubercle of the temporal bone
58
Q

What are the movements of the TMJd

A 
depression
elevation
protraction
retraction
lateral movement
59
Q

What could pain disorders of the TMJ be due to?

A

genetics
arthritis
jaw injury

A + P 1 Before Midterm (25 decks)

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