Muscles of the Foot Flashcards
What is the extensor retinacula of the foot?
the deep fascia is thickened in the anterior of the ankle and forms two bands holding the extensor tendons for their actions in the foot
What are the retinacula of the foot?
superior extensor retinaculum and inferior extensor retinaculum
What muscles does the superficial group of the posterior compartment contain?
gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris
What is the superficial group of the posterior compartment also known as?
calf muscles
What group of muscles share the common calcaneal (achilles) tendon?
superficial group of posterior compartment
What muscles does the deep group of the posterior compartment include?
popliteus, tibialis posterior, flexor hallucis longus, flexor digitorum longus
How many bellies does the gastrocnemius have?
two
What is the origin of the gastrocnemius
lateral and medial condyle of femur
What are the actions of the gastrocnemius
plantar flexion of foot, flexion of leg
What is the origin of the soleus
head of fibula, medial border of tibia
What is the origin of the plantaris
lateral epicondyle of femur
What are the actions of the soleus and plantaris
plantar flexion of foot, flexion of leg
What is the origin of the popliteus
lateral epicondyle of femur
What is the insertion of the popliteus
proximal end of tibia
What are the actions of the popliteus
flexion of leg, medial rotation of leg
What is the deepest muscle of the deep posterior compartment
tibialis posterior
What is the origin of the tibialis posterior
proximal end of tibia, interosseus memb
What is the insertion of the tibialis posterior
Metatarsals II-IV, navicular and all cuneiform
What are the actions of the tibialis posterior
plantar flexion and inversion of foot
What is the origin of the flexor digitorum longus
middle 1/3 of tibia
What is the insertion of the flexor digitorum longus
distal phalanx of toes II-V
What are the actions of the flexor digitorum longus
plantar flexion of foot, flexion of toes
What is the origin of the flexor hallucis longus?
inferior 2/3 of tibia
What is the insertion of the flexor hallucis longus
distal phalanx of big toe
What are the actions of the flexor hallucis longus
plantar flexion of foot, flex hallux
What are the groups of the intrinsic muscles of the foot?
dorsal and plantar
What muscles does the dorsal group of the intrinsic muscle of the foot contain?
extensor hallucis brevis, extensor digitorum brevis
How many layers of the plantar group of the intrinsic muscles of the foot arranged in?
4
What is the plantar aponeurosis
fascia that extends from the calcaneus to the toes, supports longitudinal arch and encloses the flexor tendons
