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anatomical direction > Skeleton > Flashcards

Skeleton Flashcards

1
Q

Water Requirements (Maintenance)
DOGS/CATS

A

50-60mls/kg/day

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2
Q

Water Requirements (Maintenance)
RABBITS/SMALL MAMMALS

A

100mls/kg/day

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3
Q

Water Requirements (Maintenance)
BIRDS

A

50mls/kg/day

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4
Q

Reptiles

A

25ml/kg/day

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5
Q

osteoblasts,

A

forms bone matrix

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6
Q

Lacumae

A

A tubular gap in a bone

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7
Q

osteocytes

A

Maintains bone tissue

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8
Q

osteoclasts

A

reabsorbs bone

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9
Q

Bone medulla

A

yellow
marrow in adults
* Red marrow in young

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10
Q

Periosteum

A

Thin membrane covering bone

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11
Q

Epiphysis

A

End of long bone where bone growth takes place

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12
Q

Diaphysis

A

Shaft of a long bone

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13
Q

Diaphysis function

A

Transport oxygen.
Immune support
Mineral & fat storage

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14
Q

Metaphysis

A

Contains growth plate of the epiphysis.

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15
Q

Endochondral ossification?

A

Bone develops first as hyaline cartilage in the embryo, then
becomes ossified

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16
Q

Intramembranous ossification

A

Osteoblasts lay down bone between two layers of fibrous connective tissue.
e.g. SKULL

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17
Q

Calcium Homeostasis

A

the regulation of the calcium concentration in the extracellular fluid

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18
Q

3 phases in remodelling of fractures in bone.

A

Inflammatory phase
Repair phase
Remodelling phase

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19
Q

Pneumatic bones

A

bones filled with air
(birds & frontal sinus)

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20
Q

Foramen

A

an opening, hole, or passage in a bone

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21
Q

Fossa

A

Shallow depression or hollow

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22
Q

Condyle

A

an articular prominence of a bone. especially : one resembling a pair of knuckles

23
Q

Epicondyle

A

a protuberance above or on the condyle of a long bone

24
Q

Trochlea

A

structure resembling a pulley

25
Q

Tuberosity

A

a rounded prominence on bone end

26
Q

Trochanter

A

bony protuberances by which muscles are attached to the thigh bone.

27
Q

Tubercle

A

small rounded projection or protuberance

28
Q

What Are The Functions Of The Skull?
(9 main functions)

A

Houses and protects
brain
special senses
dentition
Allows air and food entry
Attaches to hyoid apparatus
Attaches to masticatory and
expression muscles
Communication

29
Q

The bones that make up the skull

A

mandible
zygomatic arch
Lacrimal
maxilla
frontal
Nasal
temporal
parietal
occipital
Splenoid
Sagittal crest

30
Q

Nasal septum

A

divides the nasal chambers

31
Q

Turbinates/conchae

A

Scrolls of thin bone in nasal chambers

32
Q

Ethmoid bone

A

boundary of the nasal
chamber

33
Q

Cribriform plate

A

Olfactory nerves pass from
nasal mucosa to brain

34
Q

Condylar Processes

A

Temporomandibular joint
Coronoid process
Masseteric fossa

35
Q

Hyoid Apparatus

A

Small bones, which
suspends tongue and larynx
from base of skull

36
Q

Skull shapes

A

Brachiocephalic
Doliocephalic
Mesocephalic

37
Q

Vertebral formula of cat and
dog

A

C7, T13, L7, S3, C20-23

38
Q

Transverse
processes

A

Lateral bony protrudes on vertebrae

39
Q

Intervertebral Discs
What tissue is it made of?
Function?

A

Tough fibrocartilage connective tissue
Shock absorber
Connective tissue outer area

40
Q

Sacroiliac joint

A

Joint where ilium and sacrum join

41
Q

How many Ribs or Costae are there

A

Ribs 1-8 sternal ribs
* Ribs 9-12 asternal or false
ribs
* Rib 13 floating rib

42
Q

How many sternebrae in the Sternum

A

8

43
Q

What are each end of the sternum called

A

Xiphoid (caudally)
Manubrium (cranially)

44
Q

Clavicle
Difference in dogs and cats

A

Collar bone
Cartilagenous in DOGS
Ossified in CATS

45
Q

Location of the Supraspinous fossa and
Infraspinous fossa

A

scapula

46
Q

Scapula function

A

Articulates with humerus

47
Q

Bones of the Forelimb

A

Scapula
Humorous
Ulna & radias
Carpus
metacarpal

48
Q

How many bones in the carpus

A

7

49
Q

1st metacarpal is also known as….

A

Dew claw

50
Q

Bones of the hind limb

A

Pelvis
Femur
Patella
Tibia and Fibula
Tarsus
Metatarsus
Phalanges

51
Q

Hip is made up of what bones

A

Ilium
Pubis
Ischium

52
Q

Obturator foramen

A

Are the holes sitting between pubis and ischium

53
Q

How many bones make up the Tarsus

A

7

anatomical direction (21 decks)

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