Reproductive system Flashcards
The Male Reproductive System consists of 8 structures:
- Scrotum
- Two Testes
- Two epididymedes
- Two vas deferens
- Prostate
- Penis
- Prepuce
- Urethra
Testicles descend through the…
inguinal ring
How Do The Testes Get To The Scrotum?
Develop inside abdomen
Gubernaculum Runs from its caudal pole to scrotal sac, which pulls the testis through the inguinal canal and reaches scrotum by early
neonatal life
Cryptorchid
One or both
testicles retained
Monorchid
Only one testicle developed
Each testicle is wrapped in a double layer of peritoneum known as the..
Tunica vaginalis
Pampiniform plexus
seminiferous tubules
Blind ending tubules within the testis
where are Spermatogenic cells and Sertoli cells located
seminiferous tubules
seminiferous tubules all drain into larger collecting ducts and lead to the…?
Epididimus
Function of Cells of
Leydig (Interstitial cells)
Secrete testosterone
Epididymis
This acts as a storage area for the sperm
Vas Deferens
(spermatic cord) carries the sperm from the epididymis to the urethra
the spermatic cord (Vas deferens) contain (3)
- Testicular artery and vein
- Nerve
- Cremaster muscle
Accessory Glands
Prostate
Bulbo-urethral Gland(cats only)
Prostate
produces a milky white fluid that forms a large part of the
seminal fluid
aids the survival of sperm
Structure of the penis
Root, body and Glans and Os penis
Bulb of the penis (or bulbus glandis)
erectile tissue
Corpus spongiosum penis
erectile tissue surrounding the urethra
Corpus cavernosum penis
Crura tissue that forms the root of the penis
Its attaches to the ischial arch
Sertoli cells provide support and nourishment of the
spermatozoa which are stimulated by
FSH Follicle Stimulating Hormone
The Female Reproductive System structures (6)
- Two ovaries
- The fallopian tubes (oviducts)
- The uterus – horns, body and cervix
- The vagina
- The vestibule
- The vulva
Multiparous
(producing more than one young at birth
Bicornuate
(heart shaped)
Blood supply to female reproductive tract
Ovarian artery
Uterine artery
hormones affecting the ovaries
oestrogen and progesterone
The Ovary is made up of
Connective tissue
Smooth muscle
Blood capillaries
Germ cells and
developing follicles
What bodily wall are ovaries mainly attached to
Abdominal wall
the ligaments of the ovaries
Suspensory Ligament
Round ligament
Broad Ligament
Suspensory Ligament attached to..?
ovary to abdominal wall
Round ligament
attached to..?
ovary to inguinal wall
Broad ligament
Attached to the uterine tube (oviduct) and is continuous with the visceral peritoneum
Structures of the medulla in the ovary
contains blood vessels, nerves, lymphatics,
muscle and connective tissue
Structures of the cortex in the ovary
a connective tissue ‘stroma’ which contains
large numbers of germ cells
Mesovarium
The ovary and its nearby uterine tube are enclosed in a section of
visceral peritoneum
The Uterine Tube AKA
(Oviduct or Fallopian tube)
Oviduct or Fallopian tube is lined with
ciliated columnar epithelium
mesosalpinx
peritoneum of the oviduct
Infundibulum
Open end of the oviduct has modified finger-like processes
that ‘catch’ the ova
Fimbriae
The finger-like projections at the open end of infundibulum
The wall of the uterus has three layers
Perimetrium: outer serosal layer
Myometrium: smooth muscle
(contractions)
Endometrium: lining of uterus
Primigravida
is an animal which is pregnant for the first time
Multigravida
An animal who has had several pregnancies
Cervix
Muscular sphincter
Connects uterine body with the vagina
Mucoid plug
blocks cervix when pregnant to protect from infection
The Vagina, Vestibule and Vulva are lined with
stratifies squamus epithelium
Graafian follicle
A developed and ripened ovarian follicle (ovum)
Once the follicle has released the ovum, the follicle remnants
change structure
Firstly into Corpus luteum
then into Corpus albicans which resembles
scar tissue and secrete hormones
Milk produced in response to three
hormones
- Progesterone
- Prolactin
- Oxytocin
