skeletal system-gross anatomy-Axis skeleton(80 bones) Flashcards
what are the 4 parts of the axial skeleton?
◦ Skull
◦ Hyoid bone
◦ Vertebral column
◦ Thoracic (rib) cage
how many bones make the skull?
22+6 auditory ossicles.
what are the 2 portions of the the skull?
◦ Braincase (Neurocranium)
◦ Facial bones (Viscerocranium)
what is the function of the Braincase (neurocranium)
Surrounds and protects brain
what are the functions of the facial bones (Viscerocranium)
Protect major sensory organs- eyes, nose, and tongue
Provide attachment sites for muscles of mastication,
facial expression, and eye movement
Maxilla and mandible have alveolar processes and
sockets for tooth attachment
how many bones make up the vertebral column?
26 bones in adults.
what are the 5 regions of the vertebral column and how many vertebrae do they have?
◦ Cervical (7 vertebrae) ◦ Thoracic (12 vertebrae) ◦ Lumbar (5 vertebrae) ◦ Sacral bone (1) ( fused together when an adult) ◦ Coccygeal bone (1)
what are functions of the vertebral column?
◦ Supports weight of head and trunk
◦ Protects the spinal cord
◦ Allows spinal nerves to exit
the spinal cord
◦ Provides site for muscle
attachment
◦ Permits movement of head
and trunk
where is the cervical vertebrae located?
top of neck, connects spine to skull.
where is the Thoracic vertebrae located?
rib cage (respiratory cage).
where is the lumbar vertebrae located?
lower back, above pelvis.
where is the fused sacral vertebrae located?
pelvis.
where is the coccyx located?
end of sacral vertebrae.
what are intervertebral disks?
disks that are located between vertebrae and provide support and prevent vertebrae from rubbing against each other.
what happens to the intervertebral disks with age?
they become compressed with age and height decreases
they become susceptible to herniation.
