Skeletal System Flashcards
Functions of skeletal muscle: (7)
Support Movement Blood cell formation (hemopoiesis) Protection of internal organs Detoxification (removal of poisons) Provision for muscle attachment Mineral storage (phosphorus and calcium)
Irregular epiphysis is composed of:
Where is it found?
Spongy (cancellous) bone
At the end of long bones
Shaft/diaphysis is composed of:
Compact bone
Axial skeleton consists of:
Skull, vertebral column, twelve ribs, and sternum
Skull is comprised of:
- 14 facial bones (including 6 paired bones/ossicles of ear)
- 14 cranial vault bones
Facial bones include:
2 nasal bones 2 maxillary bones 2 zygomatic bones 2 palatine bones 2 lacrimal bones 2 inferior nasal conchae 1 mandible 1 vomer
Bones of the cranium:
single and paired
Single \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ Occipital Frontal Ethmoid Sphenoid
Paired \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ Parietal Temporal Ossicles of ear (malleus, incus, stapes)
Vertebral column consists of ( in order from superior to inferior):
7 cervical vertebrae 12 thoracic vertebrae 5 lumbar vertebrae 5 sacral vertebrae Coccygeal vertebrae (tailbone)
Upper portion of the appendicular skeleton consists of:
Pectoral/shoulder girdle
Clavicle
Scapula
Upper extremity
Bones of the arms consists of:
Humerus Radius and ulna Carpals (wrist bones) Metacarpals (hand bones) Phalanges (finger bones)
Lower portion of the appendicular skeleton consists of:
Pelvic girdle/ os coxae
Os coxae consists of:
Fused ilium, ischium, and pubis
Bones of the lower extremity include:
Femur (thigh bone) Fibula and tibia Tarsals (ankle bones) Metatarsals (foot bones) Phalanges (toe bones)
Facts about skeletal muscle:
- Attaches to bones by tendons
- Muscle contraction helps keeps the body warm
- Skeletal muscles continuously contract to maintain posture
Bones are classified by shape:
Long, short, flat, sesamoid, and irregular
Spongy bone (cancellous):
Found at ends of long bones
Consists of trabeculae where red bone marrow is found that produces blood cells