Skeletal System Flashcards

1
Q

Functions of skeletal muscle: (7)

A
Support
Movement
Blood cell formation (hemopoiesis)
Protection of internal organs
Detoxification (removal of poisons)
Provision for muscle attachment
Mineral storage (phosphorus and calcium)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Irregular epiphysis is composed of:

Where is it found?

A

Spongy (cancellous) bone

At the end of long bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Shaft/diaphysis is composed of:

A

Compact bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Axial skeleton consists of:

A

Skull, vertebral column, twelve ribs, and sternum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Skull is comprised of:

A
  • 14 facial bones (including 6 paired bones/ossicles of ear)

- 14 cranial vault bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Facial bones include:

A
2 nasal bones
2 maxillary bones
2 zygomatic bones
2 palatine bones
2 lacrimal bones
2 inferior nasal conchae 
1 mandible
1 vomer
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Bones of the cranium:

single and paired

A
Single 
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
Occipital
Frontal
Ethmoid
Sphenoid
Paired
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
Parietal
Temporal
Ossicles of ear (malleus, incus, stapes)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Vertebral column consists of ( in order from superior to inferior):

A
7 cervical vertebrae
12 thoracic vertebrae
5 lumbar vertebrae
5 sacral vertebrae
Coccygeal vertebrae (tailbone)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Upper portion of the appendicular skeleton consists of:

A

Pectoral/shoulder girdle
Clavicle
Scapula
Upper extremity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Bones of the arms consists of:

A
Humerus
Radius and ulna
Carpals (wrist bones)
Metacarpals (hand bones)
Phalanges (finger bones)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Lower portion of the appendicular skeleton consists of:

A

Pelvic girdle/ os coxae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Os coxae consists of:

A

Fused ilium, ischium, and pubis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Bones of the lower extremity include:

A
Femur (thigh bone)
Fibula and tibia 
Tarsals (ankle bones)
Metatarsals (foot bones)
Phalanges (toe bones)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Facts about skeletal muscle:

A
  • Attaches to bones by tendons
  • Muscle contraction helps keeps the body warm
  • Skeletal muscles continuously contract to maintain posture
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Bones are classified by shape:

A

Long, short, flat, sesamoid, and irregular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Spongy bone (cancellous):

A

Found at ends of long bones

Consists of trabeculae where red bone marrow is found that produces blood cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

3 types of bone cells:

A

Osteoblasts
Osteocyte
Osteoclasts

18
Q

Osteoblasts:

A
  • Take calcium from the blood
  • Produce the matrix that forms compact bone
  • Mature into osteocyte
19
Q

Osteocyte:

A
  • Most abundant bone cell

- Maintain matrix by recycling calcium salts

20
Q

Osteoclasts:

A

Secrete acid and digestive enzymes that break bone down and return calcium to the blood

21
Q

3 types of cartilage:

A

Hyaline, elastic, fibrocartilage

22
Q

Synarthrosis:

A

Immovable joint

23
Q

Amphiarthrosis:

A

Slightly movable joint

24
Q

Diarthrosis:

A

Freely movable joint

25
Q

Periosteum:

A

A dense fibrous membrane covering the surface of bones and serves as attachment for tendons and muscles

26
Q

Sound is transduced into neural signals in which region of the inner ear?

A

The cochlear region

27
Q

Information about balance is transduced into neural signals in which region of the inner ear?

A

Vestibular region

28
Q

What is the purpose of the malleus, incus, and stapes?

A

Transfer sound vibrations to the inner ear from the ear drum

29
Q

The middle ear’s Eustachian tube is responsible for?

A

Equalizing pressure

30
Q

What is the central cavity of the cochlea in the inner ear which contains sound-transducing neurons?

A

Cochlear duct

31
Q

Head position is sensed by which location of the inner ear?

A

Utricle and saccule

32
Q

Which pairs of skill bones are shaped like curved rectangles?

A

Parietal bones

33
Q

Found in the inner ear and is responsible for sense of equilibrium:

A

Otolithic membrane

34
Q

Inner ear is often described as:

Operates:

A

“Bony labyrinth”

Sense of balance

35
Q

Most visible part of the ear:

A

Pinna

36
Q

Bone that contains a meatus is a:

A

Bone with a tube-like opening

37
Q

Fovea is a small depression in the middle of the eye’s macula that does what?

A

Provides the clearest vision

38
Q

Macula:

A

Gives central vision

39
Q

Lens:

A

Focuses light on the back of the eye

40
Q

Retina:

A

Converts light into electrical impulses