Sick Term Infant Flashcards
the neonatal period is between what time frame?
0-27 days
what is the best vessel for central access in a newborn?
umbilical vein/artery
what position do babies like to take
flexion
what is birth asphyxia?
inadequate oxygen supply to the brain after delivery
a score of 2 for appearance in an apgar score would be…
no cyanosis
a pulse >_ scores 2 on apgar
> 100
what kind of grimace/response indicates a score of 2 on apgar?
cries/pulls away when stimulated
what activity/muscle tone on apgar scores 2?
flexed arms and legs that resist extension
normal newborn HR?
120-140bpm
what should be explored in the history when assessing a newborn?
mum’s PMH, pregnancy, drugs, infection risks
baby’s growth, delivery
any resus/anomalies?
normal resp rate of a newborn?
40-60
normal cap refill for baby?
2-3secs
what should BP be in a newborn?
reflects gestation so should be 40 upwards
O2 sats are __% on average in newborns
95%
what component of ABCDE is usually the problem in newborns?
airway and breathing
4 main causes of a sick baby?
pregnancy/birth related
metabolic
congenital
infection
necrotising enterocolitis affects term/preterm babies
preterm
what commensal is really problematic in preterm babies? when is it most likely to cause issues?
staph epi
when central lines are in
most common disease-causing bacteria in newborns?
GABHS e coli listeria monocytogenes staph aureus staph epi
most common disease causing viruses in newborns?
CMV
parvovirus - mum affected?
herpes
enteroviruses
what is hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy
multiorgan damage due to tissue hypoxia
respiratory distress, classically with grunting and nasal flaring, within the first six hours of life. There can be mild cyanosis…
transient tachypnoea of the newborn
main symptoms of hydrops fetalis
rhesus disease
heart failure
swollen liver
ascites/pulm oedema
big/small babies get PPHN
big
what congenital heart abnormality can cause absent femoral pulses?
coarctation of the aorta
if an NG tube loops back up the mouth and wont go down when you try to insert it could indicate..
tracheooesophageal fistula (always tend to get a tracheal problem with an oesophageal fistula)
why do babies have amniotic fluid?
for movement
why do SGA babies get hypoglycaemia?
related to reduced reserves of glucose as there is not enough
symptoms of hypoglycaemia in babies?
jittery sleepy not feeding irritable seizures
