Breast Imaging Flashcards
why does the breast have to be compressed in an MMG?
has to be immobilised as x ray is of low exposure
breast needs to be of a uniform thickness
what colour is fibroglandular tissue on MMG?
white
what colour is fat on MMG?
grey
what women have lots of fibroglandular tissue?
young women (dense breasts)
what women have lots of fatty tissue?
older women
increased breast density presents with a ____ risk of breast cancer
increased
advantages of mammography?
images the whole breast
high sensitivity for DCIS and invasive cancer
reduces population mortality
1st sign of DCIS on MMG?
calcification
what benign breast disease can cause calcification?
ductal ectasia
when is tomosynthesis used in breast imaging?
NOT for screening
women with symptoms or something picked up on screening
what is contrast enhanced spectral mammography?
take a high energy image and a low energy image then subtract them from one another
most important imaging method for symptomatic women?
USS
indications for USS in breast medicine
palpable mass MMG detected lesion image guided biopsy breast inflam breast problems in pregnancy
a solid lump can be differentiated from a cystic lump on USS T or F
T
what structures form disordered collagen seen in cancer
fibroblasts around the cancer, not the cancer itself
how is a women with a mass that feels like a fibroadenoma managed after USS?
nothing, women under 40 wont get a biopsy if it is indicative of a fibroadenoma
most sensitive imaging modality for breast cancer detection
MRI
what type of breast cancers are quite difficult to see on non-MRI imaging?
lobular cancers
best imaging method for size and focality assessment?
MRI
when would a woman get an MRI if she had a normal USS and MMG?
if she had a positive axillary node
best biopsy method?
core biopsy
most commonly used needle for core biopsy?
8 gauge
commonest breast lump in women under 30
fibroadenoma
commonest breast lump between 30 and 50
cyst
commonest breast lump in women over 50
cancer
how are abnormal nodes detected on USS?
cortical thickness >3mm
shape
Ix nodes
- USS
2. core biopsy
when would you do CT for mets in someone with breast cancer?
locally advanced cancer
recurrent breast cancer
common sites of mets from a primary breast cancer
bone lung pleura liver brain
what mets imaging would you do in someone who is a candidate
CT:
chest
abdo
pelvis
