Contraception 1 Flashcards
what is the most commonly used contraception worldwide?
withdrawal
what happens to the pituitary when the uterine wall sheds?
anterior pituitary secretes LH/FSH
a peak in oestradiol causes…
a peak in FSH and LH
a surge in LH indicates…
the follicle is mature, ovulation begins
at what stage of the menstrual cycle does basal body temperature increase?
ovulation
how can you physiologically prevent pregnancy?
stop ovary from releasing an egg
inhibit transport of ovum
thicken cervical mucus
block sperm from entering
what hormone can inhibit transport of the ovum down the fallopian tube?
progesterone
how long do sperm survive in the female genital tract
5 days
how long can the ovum survive in the female genital tract?
17-24 hours
what is cervical mucous like after ovulation?
thick and sticky after ovulation
breast feeding works as a contraceptive T or F
T
when should basal body temp be taken?
before rising in the morning
how long does cervical mucous stay thick after ovulation?
3 days
describe the cervix when fertile
high in vagina
soft
open
how much is the increase in basal body temp?
0.2 degrees celsius
you are at your most fertile at what days of the menstrual cycle
days 8 to 18
describe the cervix when less fertile
low in vagina
firm
closed
name the 3 criteria for diagnosis of lactational amenorrhoea?
exclusively breast feeding
less than 6 months post natal
amenorrhoeic
main MoA of hormonal contraception?
inhibits ovulation
main MoA of new progesterone pills?
inhibit ovulation
main MoA of older progesterone pills
thicken cervical mucus
thin endometrium
main MoA of the implant?
inhibit ovulation
injection is progesterone only T or F
T
when is the injection given?
every 13 weeks
main MoA of IUS?
changes endometrium so it’s ineffective for implantation
main MoA of injection?
inhibits ovulation
does the IUD or IUS affect fertilisation?
IUD (inflammatory response in endometrium)
what should be made sure before sterilisation?
the female is not pregnant (needs to be given contraception before)
what kind of contraceptive is contraindicated in someone with migraine with aura?
COC
when should patients on contraception be reviewed?
annually
what examination is done before an IUD is inserted?
uterine size and position is checked
a negative pregnancy test and > _ weeks since unprotected sex means its reasonably certain theyre not pregnant
3
you’re relatively infertile up to _ weeks post partum
4
you are unlikely to be pregnant if you have unprotected sex up to _ days after your last period
7
what is quick starting contraception?
starting contraception when patient presents
what can be used as quick acting contraception?
CHC
POP
implant
when is emergency contraception needed?
if more than 1 COC is missed
if patch/ring has been off for more than 48 hours
if implant fitted outwith first 5 days of cycle
how many days after ovulation will a period begin?
14 days usually
when should emergency contraception be used?
up to 5 days after UPSI
within 5 days of predicted ovulation
LNG EC can be taken up to _ days after UPSI
3
UPA EC can be taken up to _ days after UPSI
5 days
copper IUD can be used as EC up to _ days after UPSI?
5 days
how many days after fertilisation does an egg implant in the endometrium?
8-10 days
what type of EC pill is an anti-progestogen?
UPA
which EC pill is effective before LH surge?
LNG
when in the menstrual cycle is oral EC most effective?
before LH surge
when is oral EC least effective?
after ovulation
when should UPA EC be avoided?
if hormonal contraception has been used in the past 7 days;
if patient has acute severe asthma
how to work out ovulation time?
take 14 days off their cycle
what should you find out about the UPSI in an EC history?
date and time
previous episodes
previous EC?
