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3 Reproduction and Sexual Health > Breast Pathology 1 > Flashcards

Breast Pathology 1 Flashcards

1
Q

what kind of imaging is done for breast pathology?

A

mammography
USS
MRI

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2
Q

what kind of pathology is done for breast pathology?

A

cyto

histo

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3
Q

what methods are done for obtaining a sample for breast cytopathology?

A

FNA
fluid
nipple discharge
nipple scrape

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4
Q

1st line sampling for cytopathology?

A

FNA

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5
Q

C5 is more serious than C1 in breast cytology T or F

A

T

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6
Q

name developmental breast anomalies

A

hypoplasia
juvenile hypertrophy
accessory breast tissue
accessory nipple

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7
Q

inflammatory causes of benign breats disease?

A

fat necrosis
duct ectasia
acute mastitis/abscess

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8
Q

causes of gynaecomastia?

A

exogenous/endogenous hormones
cannabis
prescription drugs
liver disease

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9
Q

who gets fibrocystic change?

A

women in their 40s-50s who have had menstrual problems eg early menarche/late menopause

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10
Q

is fibrocystic change common?

A

yes

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11
Q

describe the feeling of a fibroadenoma?

A

firm not hard

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12
Q

fibrocystic changes often resolve or diminish when?

A

after menopause

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13
Q

presentation of fibrocystic change?

A

smooth discrete lumps
sudden, cyclical pain
lumpiness

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14
Q

main appearance of fibrocystic changes on pathology

A

CYSTS - multiple with pale fluid

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15
Q

what do the cysts look like in fibrocystic change?

A

blue domed with pale fluid

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16
Q

the cysts in fibrocystic changed are lined by ___ epithelium

A

apocrine

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17
Q

Tx fibrocystic change

A

exclude malignancy
reassure
excise ONLY if necessary

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18
Q

what is a hamartoma?

A

cell types are normal to breast but in an abnormal proportion or distribution; well circumscribed

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19
Q

presentation of scleroising lesions

A

irregular mass

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20
Q

fibroadenomas tend to be solitary/multiple

A

solitary

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21
Q

what benign breast pathology is common in african women?

A

fibroadenoma

22
Q

fibroadenoma incidence peaks at what age?

A

30s

23
Q

presentation of fibroadenomas?

A

painless, firm, discrete, MOBILE mass

24
Q

fibroadenomas appear solid/fluid on USS

A

solid

25
Q

“breast mouse”

A

fibroadenoma

26
Q

gross appearance of a fibroadenoma on pathology?

A

cirumscribed, rubbery, grey/white tumour

27
Q

Tx fibroadenomas

A

diagnose
reassure
excise

28
Q

name the 2 kinds of sclerosing lesion

A

sclerosing adenosis

radial scar/compel scelrosing lesion

29
Q

describe the pathology of sclerosing lesions

A

benign disorderly proliferation of acini and stroma which can cause a mass/calcification

30
Q

presentation of sclerosing adenosis?

A

pain/tenderness or lumpiness/thickening which can be asymptomatic

31
Q

age range for sclerosing adenosis

A

20-70

32
Q

radial scars are common T or F

A

T

33
Q

radial scars tend to be asymptomatic T or F

A

T, found on screening

34
Q

Tx radial scar

A

excise or sample extensively by vacuum biopsy

35
Q

histological appearance of radial scar

A

fibroelastic core
fibrocystic change
epithelial proliferation

36
Q

causes of fat necrosis?

A

trauma eg seatbelt injury

warfarin therapy

37
Q

pathology behind fat necrosis

A

damage to adipocytes causes inflam infiltration -> scarring

38
Q

“foamy macrophages”

A

fat necrosis

39
Q

Tx fat necrosis

A

confirm diagnosis

exclude malignancy

40
Q

presentation of duct ectasia

A 
pain
acute episodic inflam changes
bloody/purulent dischage
fistulation
nipple retraction and distortion
41
Q

what ducts are affected in duct ectasia

A

subareolar ducts

42
Q

what benign breast condition is associated with smoking

A

duct ectasia

43
Q

pathology behind duct ectasia

A

subareolar duct dilatation
periductal inflam and fibrosis
scarring

44
Q

Tx duct ectasia

A

treat acute infections
exclude malignancy
stop smoking
excise ducts

45
Q

main bacteria causes of mastitis in lactation?

A

staph aureus

strep pyogenes

46
Q

main bacterial causes of DE?

A

anaerobes

a mix

47
Q

Tx mastitis/abscess

A

antibiotics
percutaneous drainage
incision and drainage

48
Q

phyllodes tumour presentation

A

slow growing unilateral breast mass in 40-50 y old

49
Q

phyllodes tumours often metastasise T or F

A

F

50
Q

age range for intraduct papilloma

A

35-60

51
Q

presentation of intraduct papilloma

A

asymptomatic
nipple discharge +/- blood
nodules

52
Q

an intraduct papilloma affects…

A

subareolar ducts

3 Reproduction and Sexual Health (51 decks)

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