Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

3 Reproduction and Sexual Health > Microbiology of the GU tract > Flashcards

Microbiology of the GU tract Flashcards

1
Q

gonococci affecting the male urethra produce a strong __ response

A

neutrophilic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

“dripping tap of pus”

A

gonococcus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

“watery discharge”

A

chlamydia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what STI can be contracted from an inianimate source?

A

trichomonas vaginalis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

vagina is an acid/alkali environment with a pH of _ to _

A

acid

4 to 4.5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

predominate bacteria in the vagina?

A

lactobacillus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

less predominate microorganisms in the vagina?

A

GABHS
candida
strep viridans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

when can GABHS on a vaginal swab be a problem

A

pregnant women who are symptomatic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

which is more resistant to treatment: candida albicans or non-albicans candida?

A

non-albicans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

predisposing factors for candida infection?

A

recent ab therapy
high oestrogen levels
poorly controlled diabetes
immunocompromised patients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what can increase your oestrogen levels

A

pregnancy

contraceptives

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

presentation of candida infection?

A

intensely itchy white vaginal discharge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

“spotty rash on penis that is itchy”

A

candida balanitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

is bacterial vaginosis an infection?

A

no, not sexually transmitted

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is discharge like in bacterial vaginosis?

A

creamy, white, fishy discharge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

pathology in bacterial vaginosis?

A

normal flora is replaced with anaerobes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is the most common anaerobe present in BV?

A

gardnerella vaginalis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what substance is used to test for BV and what does it shiw?

A

potassium hydroxide

amplifies the smell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what happens to lactobacilli in BV?

A

decrease in number and are replaced

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

pH paper result of BV?

A

will show up alkaline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

“epithelial clue cells on gram stain”

A

BV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Tx of BV?

A

metronidazole ONLY if symptomatic for 7 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

causes of BV?

A 
ASCENDING INFECTION
endometritis
salpingitis
preterm delivery
ruptured membranes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

male sexual partners should be treated if a female has BV T or F

A

F, shows no benefit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

name 3 bacteria responsible for STIs

A

chlamydia trachomatis
neisseria gonnorhoeae
treponema pallidum
mycoplasma genitalium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

what bacteria causes syphilis?

A

treponema pallidum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

mycoplasma genitalium causes what infection?

A

non-gonococcal urethritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

what bacteria cause urethritis

A

mycoplasma genitalium
chlamydia
gonorrhoea

29
Q

what viruses can cause STIs?

A

HPV
HSV
hepatitis
HIV

30
Q

what parasites can cause HIV

A

trichomonas vaginalis
phthirus pubic (crabs)
scabies

31
Q

what serovars of chlamydia cause genetic infection

A

serovars D to K

32
Q

why are gram stains not routinely done for chlamydia?

A

it cant be easily grown

33
Q

chlamydia will infect the area it is exposed to T or F

A

T, eg if it was the vagina it will be in the vagina

34
Q

Tx of chlamydia

A

doxycycline 100mg bd for 7 days

35
Q

what infection is caused by chlamydia serovars A to C

A

trachoma

36
Q

Ix of chlamydia

A

PCR test

combined nucleic acid amplification tests

37
Q

how is a sample for chlamydia test collected in men?

A

first past urine sample

38
Q

how is a sample for chlamydia test collected in women

A

vulval vaginal swab (self taken)

39
Q

how long should you wait before a chlamydia retest

A

5 weeks

40
Q

Ix of gonorrhoea

A

same as chlamydia:
PCR test
combined nucleic acid amplification tests
swab for culture

41
Q

pathogenesis of gonorrhoea

A

endocytoses into host epithelial cells

42
Q

gram -eve intracellular diplococcus on gram stain…

A

gonorrhoea (looks like 2 kidney beans facing each other)

43
Q

what is discharge like in gonorrhoea?

A

purulent tap of discharge

44
Q

where in the body can gonorrhoea grow?

A

urethra
rectum
throat
eyes

45
Q

“pus cells” on gram stain

A

gonorrhoea

46
Q

pharyngeal gonorrhoea is primarily asymptomatic T or F

A

T

47
Q

who gets routine screening of rectal gonorrhoea?

A

MSM

48
Q

Tx for gonorrhoea

A

ceftriaxone IM (secondary care only)

49
Q

common cause of prostatitis in older men?

A

UTI

50
Q

what sexually transmitted organisms can cause prostatitis in younger men?

A

chlamydia

gonorrhoea

51
Q

Tx of prostatitis

A

ciprofloxacin

trimethoprim if high risk of c diff

52
Q

syphilis does/does not stain with gram stain

A

does not

53
Q

Ix for syphilis

A
  1. PCR
    serological tests- IgM, IgG
  2. non-treponemal tests
54
Q

what are the secondary symptoms of syphilis?

A

snail track mouth ulcers
generalised rash
flu like symptoms

55
Q

what is chancre in syphilis?

A

organism multiplies at inoculation site to form a chancre and gets into the bloodstream

56
Q

late stage complications of syphilis

A

paralysis
cardiac complications
neurovascular disease

57
Q

name the 3 specific serology tests for syphilis

A 
enzyme immunoassay (EIA)
haemagglutination assay (TPHA)
particle agglutination assay (TPPA)
58
Q

what antibodies are raised in syphilis?

A

IgG

IgM

59
Q

a rapid plasma reagin test indicates…

A

indicates tissue inflammation/activity

60
Q

Tx of syphilis

A

penicillin

61
Q

topical treatment for genital herpes

A

lignocaine

62
Q

location of dormant genital herpes?

A

sacral root ganglion

63
Q

where can genital herpes also present and why?

A

thigh
buttock
low back
follows the sacral roots from the ganglion

64
Q

Tx of genital herpes

A

aciclovir

65
Q

Ix of genital herpes

A

PCR

66
Q

Ix for trichomonas vaginalis

A

high vaginal swab for microscopy

67
Q

Tx of trichomonas vaginalis

A

oral metronidozole

68
Q

Tx of pubic lice

A

malathion lotion

3 Reproduction and Sexual Health (51 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions