Anatomy of O&G Incisions Flashcards
describe the orientation of the external obliques
“hand in pocket” appearance
what is the linea alba?
midline blending of aponeurosis
what abdominal muscle’s aponeuroses split into 2?
internal oblique
name the layers of the abdo wall
skin superficial fascia deep fascia ext oblique int oblique transversus abdominis
name the 2 layers of the superficial fascia of the abdo wall and what they do
Camper’s fascia - fatty superficial layer. Scarpa’s fascia - deep fibrous laye
linea alba runs vertically from… to…
xiphoid process
pubic symphysis
what layer is immediately deep to superficial fascia
rectus sheath
what is the rectus sheath?
combined aponeuroses of anterolateral abdo muscles
vertical midline incision over the abdomen indicates what surgery?
laparotomy
a suprapubic incision could indicate what surgery
lower segment C section
abdo hysterectomy
what layer of fascia lies below the transversus abdominis?
transversalis fascia
why dont you want to cut a nerve in the abdo wall?
paralyse muscle and will cause patient to lose support -> hernias
nerves enter from a ___ direction in the abdo
lateral
what intercostal nerves become the thoracoabdominal nerves
7-11
T12 becomes subcostal
the abdo nerves are located between what abdo structures?
internal oblique
transversus abdominis
what nerves come off L1?
iliohypogastric
ilioinguinal
the superior and inferior epigastric arteries lie posterior to…
rectus abdominis
superior epigastric arteries are a continuation of what?
internal thoracic arteries
arterial supply to anterior abdo wall?
superior and inferior epigastric arteries
arterial supply to lateral abdo wall?
intercostal
subcostal
what epigastric artery plays the biggest role in blood supply to the abdomen
inferior
intercostal and subcostal arteries are a continuation of…
posterior intercostal arteries
what plane do the internal obliques run in?
mostly “hands on chest” but do flatten out as they descend
the rectus muscles are cut in LSCS T or F
F, just moved laterally
describe the layers cut in an LSCS
skin superficial and deep fascia rectus sheath rectus abdominus (not cut) transversalis fascia peritoneum
what is stiched close in an LSCS
uterine wall with visceral peritoneum
rectus sheath
skin
what layers are opened in a laparotomy?
skin
deep and superficial fascia
linea alba
peritoneum
where is a laparoscopy done?
subumbilically
lateral ports eg just next to ASIS
the inferior epigastric artery is a branch of…
the external iliac artery
where does the inferior epigastric artery emerge from?
medial to the deep inguinal ring
where is the deep inguinal ring located?
half way between ASIS and pubic tubercle
inferior epigastric artery travels in a _____ direction posterior to __ ___
superomedial
rectus abdominus
an abdo hysterectomy uses what incision?
same as LSCS
how can you tell the difference between the ureter and uterine artery?
“water under the bridge”
ureter passes inferior, has peristaltic action
