shoulder and arm

Question 1

arteries of region

Answer 1

subclavian (towards axilla in root of neck, passing over 1st rib) -> axillary (passes through axilla at inferior border of teres major) -> brachial (gives off large branch in arm profunda brachii (deep); brachial then divides at elbow to give) -> ulnar and radial

Question 2

what does subclavian arise from on right and left sides of chest

Answer 2

on right, arises from braciocephalic artery; on left, arises from aortic arch

Question 3

3 parts of axillary artery

Answer 3

superior, deep, inferior (in relation to pectoralis minor)

Question 4

what nerve does the profunda brachii artery follow

Answer 4

radial nerve

Question 5

what nerve does the brachial artery follow in the distal arm

Answer 5

median nerve

Question 6

arteries in scapula region

Answer 6

richly supplied with many anastomoses (extensive collateral circulation)

Question 7

what are deep veins mirrored to

Answer 7

deep arteries

Question 8

2 superficial arteries of region and where they run

Answer 8

cephalic vein runs up lateral border of arm, basilic vein runs up the medial border of arm

Question 9

what does the basilic vein join, and what does this form

Answer 9

venae comitantes at level of inferior border of teres major to form the axillary vein in the arm

Question 10

where does the cephalic vein join the axillary vein

Answer 10

in axilla (delto-pectoral groove, just as becomes subclavian vein)

Question 11

where does the axillary vein becomes the subclavian vein

Answer 11

at level of the first rib

Question 12

other tributary of axillary vein beside cephalic vein

Answer 12

lateral thoracic vein

Question 13

what vein connects superficial epigastric vein to lateral thoracic vein

Answer 13

thoracoepigastric vein

Question 14

function of thoracoepigastric vein

Answer 14

shunt for blood if portal system develops hypertension or blockage

Question 15

what veins do deep lymph vessels run along with

Answer 15

deep veins

Question 16

what veins do superficial lymph vessels run along with from the hand

Answer 16

cephalic and basilic veins

Question 17

lymph node names and locations in region

Answer 17

cubital lymph nodes in medial side of elbow and delto-pectoral lymph nodes alongside cephalic vein; all superficial lymph ultimately drains into axillary lymph nodes

Question 18

5 groups of axillary lymph nodes

Answer 18

apical, pectoral, subscapular, humeral, central

Question 19

what does lymph from axillary lumph nodes then drain into and via what

Answer 19

into subclavian lymph trunk via apical lymph nodes, then into right lymphatic duct (right) or common thoracic duct (left)

Question 20

what do axillary lymph nodes also drain, and what can removal lead to

Answer 20

drain breast also, so removing leads to lymphedema

Question 21

2 nerves in close relation to axillary lymph node region

Answer 21

long thoracic nerve and thoracodorsal nerve

Question 22

what muscle does long thoracic nerve supply

Answer 22

serratus anterior

Question 23

what muscle does thoracodorsal nerve supply

Answer 23

latissimus dorsi

Question 24

what can section of long thoracic nerve cause

Answer 24

paralysis of serratus anterior, causing winging of scapula