knee, leg, ankle and foot Flashcards
ankle and subtalar joints: describe the anatomy of the ankle and subtalar joints; explain the movements of plantar flexion, dorsiflexion, inversion and eversion; summarise the muscles responsible for these movements, their innervation and their attachments; recall the factors responsible for stability of the ankle joint, especially the lateral ligaments, and explain the anatomical basis of ‘sprain’ injuries
ankle joint type
hinge synovial joint
location of ankle joint
between tibia (medial malleolus), fibula (lateral malleolus) and talus (talar dome); weight-bearing by talus via superior articulation with tibia, fibula distal malleolus with tibia medial malleolus from square socket of ankle joint
2 ligaments around ankle
lateral ligament complex, medial/deltoid/tubiocalcaneal ligament (less often damaged)
3 divisions of foot
hind-foot, mid-foot, fore-foot
3 joints which make up subtalar joint
talo-calcaneal joint, talo-navicular joint, calcaneo-cuboid joint
what does the midtarsal joint consist of
joints between midtarsal bones and metatarsals
what 2 movements occur at ankle joint
plantarflexion, dorsiflexion
what 2 movements occur at subtalar joint (also by talo-calcaneonavicular joint)
inversion, eversion
what causes sprained ankle
over-inversion, damaging lateral ligaments
