shoulder and arm Flashcards

axilla: describe the boundaries and contents of the axilla, including the major vessels and relevant parts of the brachial plexus

1
Q

what is the axilla

A

gateway between shoulder and arm which acts as a passageway for nerves and blood and lymph vessels to enter and leave upper limb

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2
Q

brachial plexus

A

roots (formed by anterior rami) -> trunks -> divisions -> cords -> terminal branches (peripheral nerves); C5-T1; pass under clavicle; long thoracic nerve comes off anterior rami roots; subclavian nerve comes off superior trunk of C5,6; pectoral (lateral and medial) nerves; musculocutaneous nerve (medial to arm and forearm), medial nerve (forearm), ulnar nerve, radial nerve

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3
Q

largest nervest of brachial plexus

A
Axillary nerve (C56)
Musculocutaneous nerve (C567)
Ulnar nerve (C8T1)
Median nerve (C678T1)
Radial nerve (C5678T1); posterior muscles of arm and forearm; bang elbow onto ulnar nerve; dislocation of shoulder joint
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4
Q

shape of axilla

A

truncated pyramid

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5
Q

what composes the base of the axilla

A

skin, subcutaneous tissue and fascia extending from arm to chest

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6
Q

where does the apex of the axilla lie

A

between first rib, clavicle and superior border of subscapularis

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7
Q

what composes the anterior wall of the axilla

A

pectoralis major and pectoralis minor

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8
Q

what composes the posterior wall of the axilla

A

scapula and subscapularis superiorly, teres major and latissimus dorsi inferiorly

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9
Q

what composes the medial wall of the axilla

A

chest wall (ribs 1-4), serratus anterior

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10
Q

what composes the lateral wall of the axilla

A

intertubercular groove of humerus

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11
Q

4 contents of axilla

A

arteries (axillary artery and its branches), veins (axillary vein and its tributaries), lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes (important), nerves (infraclavicular part of brachial plexus, long thoracic and intercostobrachial nerves)

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