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Therio scs RUSVM > Sheep and Goats > Flashcards

Sheep and Goats Flashcards

1
Q

How long does a buck have to remain with the does for a uniform kid crop? Is this method of breeding typical for meat or dairy farms?

A

32 days (1.5 cycles)

Meat

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2
Q

At what percent of adult body weight do female goats enter the breeding herd? At what age (range) do they hit puberty?

A

60-70%

5-15 months (>60% adult body weight)

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3
Q

How long is the estrous cycle of the ewe? Doe?

A

Ewe: 17 days

Doe: 21 days

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4
Q

Both the ewe and the doe are short day breeders. Estrus and gestation last longer in the _____.

A

Doe

  • 36 hour estrus, 150 day gestation*
  • Ewe= 30 hrs, 147 days*
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5
Q

Where is P4 produced in the ewe? Doe?

A

Ewe= placenta

Doe= CL

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6
Q

Increasing darkness causes an increase in ______ from the _____ gland which the releases ____ from the _______ leading to a release of ____ from the _______.

A

Increasing darkness causes an increase in MELATONIN from the PINEAL gland which the releases GnRH from the HYPOTHALAMUS leading to a release of LH from the ADENOHYPOPHYSIS.

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7
Q

Who is more vocal during estrus, the doe or the ewe?

A

Doe

Ewe requires male to detect heat

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8
Q

What is the time period in the estrous cycle when the CL forms?

A

Metestrus

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9
Q

What is “flushing”?

A

In the female: Increasing nutrient uptake 20-30% 2-3 weeks prior to breeding

In the male: 8 weeks prior to breeding (approx the length of spermatogenesis (50 days))

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10
Q

How long can CIDRs be left in place? What hormone do they contain?

A

12-14 days

Progesterone

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11
Q

T/F: MGA can be given using the instructions on the label to sheep and goats to synchronize estrus.

A

False, not labeled for sheep or goats

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12
Q

What is the earliest sign of pregnancy that can be seen on ultrasound? When can placentomes be seen? When can skeletal structures be seen?

A

Vesicle (at day 18-20)

Placentomes: Day 35

Skeletal: Day 60

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13
Q

What’s the best time for twin detection via ultrasound?

A

45-90 days

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14
Q

What hormone is involved in the second stage of parturition when the cervix is stretched open?

A

Oxytocin

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15
Q

A newborn lamb stands in ____ minute(s)/hour(s) and suckles in ____minute(s)/hour(s).

a. 30 minutes, 2 hours
b. 1 hour, 1.5 hours
c. 10 minutes, 1 hour

A

A newborn lamb stands in 30 minutes and suckles in 2 hours.

a. 30 minutes, 2 hours

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16
Q

What is stage 3 of parturition?

A

Expulsion of placenta (usually in 2-4 hours)

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17
Q

T/F: Most causes of abortion in sheep and goats are zoonotic.

A

True

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18
Q

Which condition, common in ewes, results when the cervix fails to completely dilate?

A

Ringwomb

Tx= C-section

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19
Q

The estrous cycle in goats is 21 days, in sheep it is:

a. 15 days
b. 17 days
c. 21 days
d. 24 days

A

b. 17 days

20
Q

Are periparturient diseases generally more common in sheep or goats?

A

Sheep

21
Q

Why is pregnancy toxemia more of a risk the more fetuses are being carried?

A

Negative energy balance

More babies requrie more energy (180% more with twins, 240% with triplets, compared to singleton)

Not enough energy -> Lipases activate -> Break down fat -> Ketosis

22
Q

How is pregnancy toxemia treated?

A

Immediately and aggressively

Remove fetuses

IV glucose and 50% dextrose

PO propylene glycol

B vitamins (to stimulate appetite)

Transfaunation (glucose metabolism)

23
Q

Why can clovers cause vaginal prolapse?

A

Contain lots of estrogen

24
Q

What is the reservoir for Bluetongue virus?

A

Cattle

25
Q

T/F: An ewe that develops a vaginal prolapse is likely to have it occur again and culling should be considered.

A

True

26
Q

How many hours after parturition should the placenta be expelled?

A

6 hours

27
Q

Which of these is NOT a potential nutritional cause of infertility?

Copper

Iodine

Magnesium

Selenium

A

Magnesium

28
Q

What is the toxin in skunk cabbage (Veratrum californicum) and what does ingestion during pregnancy cause?

A

Alkaloid cyclopamine

EED if early

Cyclops if between day 12-14

Arthrogryposis

29
Q

What plant causes decreased spermatogenesis in rams?

A

Locoweed

30
Q

Are sheep or goats more senstive to estrogen-producing plant toxicity?

A

Sheep

31
Q

What is cloudburst?

A

Rush of fluid at expected parturition in a non-pregnant/pseudopregnant doe.

32
Q

What is given to treat pseudopregnancy?

A

PGF2a

33
Q

Which viral infectious cause of infertility does not cause disease in the dam?

a. Bluetongue
b. Akabane virus
d. Cache valley disease

A

b. Akabane virus

Note: All the listed viruses cause infertility in sheep and goats

34
Q

Which bacterial cause of infectious infertility DOES NOT cause disease in sheep and goats?

a. Chlamydophilia abortus

b. Coxiella burnetti

c. Brucella melitensis

d. Brucella ovis
e. Listeria monocytogenes

A

d. Brucella ovis

Note: These are all bacterial causes of infertility in sheep and goats, remember Campylobacter is also one

35
Q

What disease causes these clinical signs in addition to infertility?

A

Bluetongue

36
Q

What agent causes Hair Shaker Lamb disease?

A

Border Disease Virus (BVD)

37
Q

What virus causes outbreaks of arthrogryposis?

Hint: There is a vaccine for this virus

A

Cache Valley Disease

38
Q

Are sheep, goats, or both affected by B. melitensis?

A

Goats

Remember Brucella is zoonotic

39
Q

What is the most significant cause of abortion in sheep in North America?

A
  • Campylobacter*
  • C. jejuni =* sporadic aborition
  • C. fetus fetus =* outbreaks if abortion
  • Sheep go to Camp*
40
Q

What causes enzootic abortion in ewes? Does it also cause abortion in does?

A

Chlamydophilia abortus

Yes, more important cause of abortion in goats than sheep

Goats eat Clams

41
Q

What bacterial cause of abortion in sheep and goats also causes pneumonia, keratoconjunctivitis, epididymitis, and polyarthritis?

A

Chlamydia

42
Q

What pestivirus affects small ruminants?

a. Bluetongue
b. Cache Valley
c. Border disease
d. Akabane

A

c. Border disease

43
Q

What cause of infectious infertility is associated with improperly stored silage and is treated with tetracyclines?

A

Listeria monocytogenes

44
Q

Which of these causes of infertility is NOT zoonotic?

a. Toxoplasma gondii
b. Listeria monocytogenes
* c.* Cache Valley Virus
d. Chlamydophila abortus
* e. Campylobacter fetus fetus*

A

c. Cache Valley Virus

45
Q

What is a localized dilation of the spermatic vein resulting in a hard swelling in the cord called? What can this cause? Is it more common in the ram or buck?

A

Varicocele

Infertility

Ram

46
Q

What is a polled buck? What condition is passed by polled bucks?

A

A buck born without horns

Intersex condition (= sterile)

Therio scs RUSVM (18 decks)

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