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Therio scs RUSVM > Bovine: Infectious and Non-infectious fertility > Flashcards

Bovine: Infectious and Non-infectious fertility Flashcards

1
Q

_______ is severe inflammation of all layers of the uterus occuring within ____ days post-calving.

A

Metritis

21

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2
Q

Endometritis is inflammation of the endometrium extending no deeper than the ______ ________.

A

Stratum spongiosum.

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3
Q

When does endometritis occur?

A

At least 21 days after calving

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4
Q

T/F: Pyometra in concenring in cows because of the risk of systemic spread of the infection.

A

False

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5
Q

What condition which usually occurs within 10 days after parturition is accompanied by fever, reduced milk yield, tachycardia, dehydration, and an overall sick cow?

A

Puerperal metritis

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6
Q

T/F: Intrauterine antibiotics are the most effective treatment of metritis.

A

False, ALWAYS give systemic antibiotics

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7
Q

Which antibiotics are commonly used for metritis?

A

Ceftiofur

Penicillin

Oxytetracycline

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8
Q

What is the most common cause of endometritis?

A

Retained fetal membranes

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9
Q

What is the most likely etiology of pyometra discovered after natural breeding?

A

Tritrichomoniasis

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10
Q

T/F: Treatment of endometritis should always involve an intrauterine flush

A

False

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11
Q

Which POC test can be successfully used to detect freemartinism in 80% of affected animals?

A

Vaginal probing

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12
Q

What do lab tests for freemartism look for?

A

Y chromosome

PCR, Karyotyping

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13
Q

What hormone aids in urterine involution?

a. Progesterone
b. Oxytocin
c. Testosterone
d. GnRH

A

b. Oxytocin

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14
Q

How long is normal postpartum anestrus?

A

3-5 weeks

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15
Q

What is usually the cause of post-service anestrus?

A

Poor nutrition

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16
Q

What persists for a minimum of 10 days and interferes with normal ovarian cyclicity?

A

Ovarian follicular cyst(s)

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17
Q

What substances do ovarian follicular cysts produce?

A

Estradiol

Inhibin A

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18
Q

Measurement of a cystic ovarian follicle are >___

a. 10mm
b. 15mm
c. 20mm
d. 25mm

A

d. 25mm

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19
Q

T/F: Manual rupture is the recommended treatment of ovarian follicular cysts.

A

False

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20
Q

Fetal death less than _______ is considered early embryonic death,

a, 106 days

b. 56 days
c. 126 days

A

b. 56 days

8 weeks

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21
Q

What is the intervention level of a herd affected by infectious infertility or aboriton?

A

>5%

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22
Q

T/F: Tissues submitted for diagnostics when infectious abortions are suspected should be split and fixed in formalin.

A

False, should eb split and submitted frozen and chilled

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23
Q

Which cause of infectious infertility is associated with rotting hay and improperly stored silage?

A

Listeria monocytogenes

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24
Q

Which cause of infectious infertility causes neurological clinical signs and abortion in the last trimester?

A

Listeria monocytogenes

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25
Q

Which causes more fertility problems, host adapted or non host adapted leptospirosis?

A

Host adapted

26
Q

What is the incubation period of leptospirosis?

a. 21 days
b. 4-10 days
c. 10-14 days
d. 14-21 days

A

c. 10-14 days

27
Q

Where does lepto localize and persist in affected animals?

A

Renal tubules

28
Q

T/F: Lepto often causes hemolytic anemia, renal disease, abortion and photosensitization.

A

False, often causes no clinical signs

29
Q

What agent that causes infectious infertility in cows causes undulant fever in humans?

A

Brucella abortus

30
Q

T/F: Brucella is commonly transmitted by coitus.

A

False, primarily via MMs

Cows lick stuff to investigate including aborted fetuses

31
Q

Moroccan leather placentitis is a common finding with which cause of infertility?

A

Brucella abortus

32
Q

Are bulls, heifers, or both vaccinated with Bangs vaccination? What is the vaccine for? What type of vaccine is it?

A

Heifers

Brucella abortus

Modified live vaccine

33
Q

What is used to identify animals that have been vaccinated against Brucella abortus?

A

Tattoo on middle lobe of right ear (R+Brucella shield + Year)

Federal identification tag

34
Q

Which bacterial causes of granular vulvovaginitis are uncommon and sporadic causes of both early and late term abortion?

A

Mycoplasma

Ureaplasma

35
Q

Which of these bacteria cause weak calves and stillbirths more often than abortion in cows?

a. Brucella spp
b. Chlamydia spp
c. Haemophilus spp
d. Salmonella spp

A

c. Haemophilus spp
* H. somnus*

36
Q

What is Vibrio?

A

Campylobacter foetus veneralis

37
Q

Which obligate parasite of bovine genitalia causes significant early embryonic death?

A

Campylobacter foetus veneralis

38
Q

What is the most common clinical sign associated with C.foetus veneralis?

A

Delayed return to estrus

39
Q

What is Clark’s media used for?

A

Culturing C. foetus veneralis

40
Q

Who harbors Campulobacter foetus veneralis, the bull or heifer?

A

Bull (prepuce)

41
Q

When should cows be vaccinated for C. foetus veneralis? Bulls?

A

Before breeding season- 2 injections 2-4 weeks appart so last one is 2 weeks before breeding, then give annual booster

Bulls not vaccinated

42
Q

What is the primary reservoir for Tritrichomonas foetus?

A

Bulls

43
Q

What is Diamond’s Media or InPouch used for?

A

Transporting suspected Tritrichomonas foetus samples for lab analysis/culture

44
Q

Testing for T. foetus should be done 2 weeks after ___________ and then once a week for ___ consecutive weeks.

A

Sexual rest

3 (three)

45
Q

How long is the breeding season for a cow?

A

60 days

46
Q

T/F: TrichGuard does not prevent disease but shortens the recovery interval.

A

True

47
Q

What infectious cause of infertility is caused by ingestion of canine feces?

A

Neospora caninum

48
Q

Waht is the most frequently diagnsed cause of viral abortion in North America?

A

Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR)

(BHV-1)

49
Q

What disease causes infectious pustular vulvovaginitis and balanoposthitis?

A

Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR)

(BHV-1)

50
Q

What are the 2 forms of bovine herpes virus 1?

A

Latent/Respiratory

Venereal

51
Q

T/F: The vaccination against Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis can cause abortion.

A

True

52
Q

What can be seen on IHC and microscopic examinaion of a sample infected with IBR?

A

Intranuclear inclusion bodies

53
Q

Which agent is most likely responsible for a clinically sick cow that aborts

a. Lepto
b. Vibrio
c. Listeria
d. Brucella

A

c. Listeria

54
Q

Which biotype of BVDV causes persistently infected (PI) calves?

A

Non-cytopathic

55
Q

What does the calf disease manifestation of BVDV depend on?

A

Time of gestational exposure

56
Q

Which orbivirus trasnmitted by Cullicoides commonly causes teratogenesis, such as cerebral malformations?

A

Bluetongue Virus

57
Q

What is the most common fungal cause of abortions in cattle?

A

Aspergillus fumigatus

58
Q

When is transmission of ​Aspergillus fumigatus propagated?

A

Winter/spring during increased confinement (Northern hemisphere)

59
Q

You notice ringworm-like lesions on the skin of an aborted fetus. What is the most likely cause?

A

​Aspergillus fumigatus

60
Q

Which agent is most likely responsible for a late return to estrus?

a. Lepto
b. Vibrio
c. Listeria
d. Brucella

A

b. Vibrio

Therio scs RUSVM (18 decks)

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