SHB Category: F, Breeds Flashcards
Pages 181-254 Left off with #1506 on page 207
Which means of identification is similar to fingerprints?
Photographs of patterns of the leg chestnuts
What is a narrow patch of white down over the muzzle?
Snip
What was the original name for the Suffolk?
Suffolk-Punches
What marking is white from the coronet to the fetlock?
Anklet or ankle
What are cowlicks?
Hair swirls in the coat
What color is a horse whose entire coat, including the muzzle, flanks, and legs are black?
Black
Where did the Tennessee Walking Horse originate?
Middle basin of Tennessee
What does the Spanish word, Grulla mean?
Blue Crane
Which breed was originally called the “Plantation Walking Horse?”
Tennessee Walking Horse
Where did the American Saddlebred originate?
In Kentucky, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia, and later Missouri
What is the Spanish word for “Blue Crane”?
Grulla
What color are the points of the red dun?
Dark red
What breeds were crossed to produce the American Quarter Pony?
None, they are smaller quarter horses
What pony breed is famous for its extreme action of the front legs and the “rainbow” arch they form on the way to the ground?
Hackney
Which breed has been called the “Peacock” of the horse world?
American Saddlebred
Horses of unregistered, undistinguished, or unknown ancestry are called what?
Grades
Which breed of horse commonly has a rat tail?
Appaloosa
What is the Spanish word for Paint, painted, or spotted?
Pinto
What coat color is slate colored with no white hairs and black points?
Grulla
What was the primary use of the Suffolk?
Farm use
Which horse breed is the most numerous in Europe?
Hanoverian
What is the dominant color of the Suffolk?
Chestnut or blonde sorrel
Which breed is more susceptible to accidents and attacks by packs of dogs?
Miniature horse
What 2 breeds were crossed to produce the breed Morab?
Morgan and Arabian
A standardbred horse that races with a lateral gait is called what?
Pacer
What horse is the largest version of the Welsh?
Welsh cob
What breed of race horse races in a 2 beat gait?
Standardbred
What are the 5 basic coat colors in horses?
Black, white, brown, chestnut, and bay
What was the Appaloosa named after?
Palouse River
What draft breed is known as the ‘breed of blacks and grays’?
Percheron
No more than what percentage of dark hairs is allowed in a palomino’s mane and tail?
15%
What is the dominant color of the Shire?
Black
What is a male ass called?
Jack
What color cannot be mixed in a grulla’s coat?
White
What are black points on a horse?
Black mane, tail, and extremities
Which pony breed is famed for being a jumper?
Connemara
Which is the largest of all draft breeds?
Shire
What is a frequent color of the Welsh pony, especially in England?
Gray
What are feathers on a horse?
Long silky hair on the lower legs
What are the 5 variations to the basic horse coat colors?
Dun, gray, palomino, pinto, roan
Bays and seal browns have what color of mane and tails?
Black
What color is a dilution of bay?
Buckskin or dun
What is a double dilution of bay?
Perlino
When most people think of a pony, which breed comes to mind first?
Shetland
Cheyenne Indians believed a certain marking had supernatural powers and invincibility, what was this pattern?
Medicine hat
Appaloosa and which other breed are often confused?
Rangerbred
What marking is white from the coronet to the pastern?
Pastern
What is the small, native feral ass of North and South America called?
Burro
What is a tail that is sparsely furnished with hair?
Rat tail
Which British draft breed does not have feathers?
Suffolk
What color refers to a straw yellow or off-white color caused by a mixture of dark or white hairs in the mane and tail?
Flaxen or flax
What color refers to a mostly white with a few dark hairs in the mane and tail?
Silver
What marking is a white strip covering the coronet band?
Coronet
What is the usual color of a horse’s eye?
Brown with no white around the edge of the eye
What is a wider patch of white down the face covering the full width of the nasal bones?
Blaze
What is a white marking covering the front of the face and extending over the sides of the face?
Bald face
What is a heavy, coarse, full tail called?
Broom or band tail
Which breed began about 350 miles from the Arctic Circle about 100 miles north of Scotland?
Shetland pony
What is a white mare on the forehead called?
Star
What eye characteristic is required by the Appaloosa?
White sclera around the eye
What color will range from a light golden red to a dark mahogany color with lower legs, mane and tail are always black?
Bay
What color will range from light golden red to a very dark chocolate shade but the legs will never have black points?
Chestnut
What color is dark enough to appear black except that close examination will reveal brown or tan hairs about the muzzle or flanks?
Seal brown
Legend says that this marking was a reward for carrying Mary to Bethlehem and Jesus to Jerusalem, what is this marking of the miniature donkey?
Cross marking that runs from the mane to the tail intersected by the arms of the cross at the withers
What color is the dorsal stripe on a red dun or claybank dun?
Dark red (never black)
Which Mediterranean breed was imported by the owners of the St. Louis Cardinals and the Cincinnati Reds baseball teams?
Miniature donkey
What is a double dilution of chestnut?
Cream or cremello
Which color has a blue or yellowish tone with no white hairs and has black points?
Grulla
What color is a dilution of chestnut?
Palomino
What color is a dilution of black?
Grulla
Where did the Shetland pony originate?
Shetland isle near Arctic Circle
What color is ivory white with slightly darker, rust-appearing points
Perlino
Which breed is noted for its action, dramatic feathering, and 6- or 8-horse hitches?
Clydesdale
What is a cross between a stallion and a jennet?
Hinny
What are small asses called?
Donkeys
What is the most distinguishable difference between the sorrel and bay hair coat colors?
Bay always has black points and sorrel does not
What is the long silky hair on the lower legs of a horse?
Feathers
What is the rarest pinto pattern?
Splashed white
Which pony breed has been called “the prince of ponies”?
Hackney pony
What coat color has the body color of brown or black with light areas at the muzzle, eyes, flank, and inside of upper legs with a black mane and tail?
Brown
Which pinto pattern will often have a bald face, at least one leg will be dark in color and body markings are usually irregular, scattered, or splashy white markings that commonly do not cross between the back between the withers and tail?
Overo
What coat color has a body color that is yellowish or flesh-colored with a mane, tail, and dorsal stripe that are red?
Red Dun
What coat color ranges from tan through red to reddish brown, with a black mane and tail and usually black on lower legs?
Bay
What coat color is golden yellow with a mane and tail that is white with no dorsal stripe?
Palomino
What is the most common white pattern in horses?
White markings on face and legs
What hair coat color will have dark eyes and totally pink skin?
White
What is the background color of a strawberry roan?
Chestnut
Name the 4 identifiable characteristics which in part or combination will earn an appaloosa regular registration with the ApHC
Coat pattern, mottled skin, vertically striped hooves, white sclera around the eye
The hair coat of a foal will be solid colored, but with each consecutive hair coat, more and more white hairs will be added until what color becomes evident?
Gray
What color is the dorsal stripe on a red dun horse?
Dark red
What is the claim to fame of the Connemara breed?
Ability as a jumper
What is a white leg marking from the coronet to the fetlock?
Ankle
Who was the foundation sire of the Morgan breed?
Justin Morgan
What is the only breed to be named after a horse?
Morgan
What term describes a horse’s wide, white face marking that does not include its eyes or the side of its face?
Blaze
What is the term for sparse hair in the tail?
Rat tail
What term describes the horse’s mane and tail that is straw colored?
Flaxen
What is a group of animals that has certain distinguishable characteristics, such as color, function, and conformation and that passes these traits to the next generation?
Breed
Which breed of horse is known as the ‘horse with the fine walk’?
Paso Fino
What coat color has a body color that is yellowish or gold with a mane and tail that is black with black on the lower legs?
Buckskin
What coat color is more or less a uniform mixture of white and black hairs on the body, but usually darker on the head and lower legs?
Blue Roan
Which breed of draft horse is known as the ‘Breed of Blacks and Grays’?
Percheron
Dappling can occur within any color pattern but is more obvious on what color?
Gray
Name the horse breed that got its name because it could run a quarter of a mile on short, flat stretches in villages of colonial America.
American Quarter Horse
How can true white areas on a pinto or paint be confirmed?
They are present at birth, grow out of pink skin, do not change with age
Name the mouse colored horse that results from a dilution of black
Grulla
What is the most common pinto pattern?
Tobiano
What coat color is yellowish or gold with a mane and tail that is black, brown, red, yellow, white, or mixed, usually has a dorsal stripe, zebra stripes on the legs, and transverse stripe over the withers?
Dun
What marking is white from the coronet to the knee?
Stocking or Full stocking
Gray on a bay or chestnut will be called what?
Rose gray
What is white about the front of the coronet or the heel?
White marks or white spots
What coat color ranges from bright copper to light yellow with lighter-to-white mane and tail?
Palomino
Which breed began in 1978 in Arlington, Texas for registering the smallest possible perfect horse?
American miniature horse
What term classifies a group of horses that have distinguishable characteristics?
Breed
Which registry’s objective is to breed the smallest possible perfect horse?
American Miniature Horse Association
Name 3 of the different pinto color patterns other than overo and tobiano
Frame overo, calico, splashed white, tovero
Where did the Percheron originate?
France
Which breed is noted for its extensive white face and leg markings, silky feathers, and long springy strides with extreme flexion of the knees and hocks?
Clydesdale
Which breed was popular for its uniformity in color, ease of management, and strength in pulling contests?
Belgian
Which 2 draft breeds usually has very little white markings on the legs and face?
Suffolk and Percheron
Which 2 draft breeds began from the English Great Horse?
Shire and Clydesdale
Where did the Clydesdale originate?
Scotland
Where did the Belgian originate?
Belgium
Where did the Suffolk originate?
England
Which draft breed began in Belgium?
Belgian
Which 2 draft breeds originated in England?
Suffolk and Shire
Which horse became famous because of his outstanding progany because of his ability, according to stories that still persist, to out-run, out-pull, out-walk, and out-trot all competition?
Justin Morgan
What is the only cross that will always produce a palomino colored horse?
Cremello X Chestnut
What coat color is a more or less uniform mixture of white with red hairs on the body, but usually darker on the head and lower legs can have red black or flaxen mane and tail?
Red roan
Name one of the riding characteristics of the appaloosa that the Nez perce Indians tried to maintain.
Endurance and surefootedness
What breed was originally called the ‘Kentucky Saddler’?
American Saddlebred
Which horse is the foundation sire for the American Saddlebred?
Denmark
Which breed is quiet and docile but is somewhat slow-motioned and does not show much leg action but is distinguished in pulling contests?
Belgian
What is started by crossing 2 or more breeds then mating among the first generation of crossbred animals?
Synthetic breeds
Which breed was developed by the Nez Perce Indians?
Appaloosa
What does the term skewbald refer to?
Spotted horse with white and any other color except black
In what breed is the rat tail common?
Appaloosa
Which form of dun has a body color that is yellowish or flesh-colored with a mane, tail, and dorsal stripe that are red?
Red dun
What does the term double registered mean?
Horse that is registered in an individual breed association as well as a color registry
What breed has one less lumbar vertebra than other breeds?
Arabian
The American name, Palomino, was derived from what?
Color of the golden grape in California, the Palomino grape
What is a dun horse with roan characteristics whose yellow hairs are mixed with brown or black with black points, a dorsal stripe, and no white hairs in coat?
Grulla
What was the primary use of the Shetland pony in its native surroundings?
Worked in mines as a miniature draft horse
Which breed was originated partly as the result of the failure of the AQHA to register spotted horses?
American Paint Horse Association
Name 3 breeds of horses that are principally “gaited” horses.
Tennessee Walking Horse, American Saddlebred, Paso Fino
In the International Buckskin Association, which colors must have a dorsal stripe?
Grulla, red dun, dun (buckskin does not require a dorsal stripe for registration)
Which 2 types of animals are excluded from being registered in the Palomino Horse Breeders Assoc. or Palomino Horse Assoc.?
Pony and draft breeds
Dark liver and black chestnut colors are found mostly in which breed of horse?
Morgan
What coat color is reddish or copper-red with a mane and tail usually the same color as the body but may be flaxen?
Sorrel
Which draft breed is known as the biggest, has feathering, and is dominantly black although bay and dark brown are known?
Shire
How does the Suffolk differ from the other 2 British draft breeds?
It has no feathers
Of the 5 major cold blooded breeds, which is the only one to have an infusion of Arabian or Barb blood?
Percheron
What 2 breeds is hip dysplasia most common?
Standardbred and Shetland Pony
Which American breed derived its name from a grape of California?
Palomino
What coat color is a mixture of white with any colored hairs, often born solid-colored or almost solid colored, and gets lighter with age as more white hairs appear?
Gray
What happens when a horse inherits 2 dominant white genes?
Dominant white is lethal. 1/4 of foals will be re-absorbed and never seen, 2/3 are bone white and 1/3 will be colored.
What coat color is dark red or brownish red with a mane and tail that is usually dark red, brownish red, or flaxen?
Chestnut
What is the difference between a piebald and a skewbald?
Piebald is black with white spots, skewbald is spotted horse of white and any other color other than black
Which pony breed is considered to be an adult’s pony, too small to be ridden by an adult and too spirited and frisky for most children?
Hackney pony
Which draft breed originated in France?
Percheron
Which draft breed originated in Scotland?
Clydesdale
What percentage of hackneys that are registered each year are ponies?
95%
What is a purebred horse?
One registered with a particular breed association
The American Horse Council estimates that the Quarter horse is the most popular breed in the U.S. What type of horse ranks second?
Grade horse
For what use were Conestoga horses prized?
Freight haulers
Which pony breed is almost exclusively for showing in harness classes?
Hackney pony
What is a crossbred?
Horse that has at least one registered parent and are usually crosses between two different breeds
Which stallion was the foundation stallion of the POA?
Black Hand Number 1
Where did the Percheron originate?
France
Give 2 other names for the American Jack.
Mammoth Jack, Standard Jack
Which breeds were crossed to produce the American Walking Pony?
Tennessee Walking Horse and Welsh Pony
Where did the Peruvian Paso originate?
Peru
The hallmark of the hackney was and remains its what?
Extreme flexion of knees and hocks
What percentage of Hackneys register as ponies?
95%
What is the only draft breed that has hot blooded ancestry?
Percheron
Which breed was founded by the Thompson’s of Naper, Nebraska when they purchased Old King who became the foundation sire for the breed?
Albino
What was Justin Morgan’s name as a foal and why was it changed?
Figure, it changed because it was the custom that if the master died, the horse took the owner’s name.
What breed is the most numerous in Europe and excels as heavy hunters, show jumpers, and dressage horses?
Hanoverians
What is the tallest of the draft breeds?
Shire
What is the only British draft breed without feathers?
Suffolk
The ancestors of which breed began in the severe terrain of Wales even before the Roman Legions invaded the British Isles?
Welsh Mountain Pony
What color is a dappled chestnut with a silver or white mane and tail?
Silver dapple
Which breed of horse was captured from members of the DeSoto expedition by Southeastern Indians?
Chickasaw
The ancestors of the hackney horse were bred for riding and driving horses in England, where the term hackney was synonymous with what other term?
Roadster
What is the ideal color pattern for Paints or Pintos?
Approximately equal parts of white and color on the body
Which thoroughbred stallion was believed to be the sire of Justin Morgan?
True Briton
Which horse is the foundation sire for the Tennessee Walking horse?
Allan F-1
Which breed was also known as Golden Isabellas?
Palomino
Who was the foundation sire for the Albino?
Old King
Who was the foundation sire of the breed, American Saddlebred?
Denmark
Who was the foundation sire for the Pony of the Americas?
Black Hand No. 1
What is the height range of the POA?
46 - 56 inches
Which breeds were crossed to produced the Americana?
Shetland and Hackney ponies
Where did the Fox Trotter originate?
Ozark Mountains of Missouri and Arkansas
Which synthetic breed began by crossing Shetlands and Hackney ponies to produce a
miniature Saddlebred type of show pony?
Americana
Where did the Connemara pony originate?
Ireland
Where did the Paso Fino originate?
Puerto Rico, Cuba and Columbia
What is the scientific name for the horse?
Equus Caballus
What organization is located in Washington DC and maintains a current list with addresses of
breed associations and registers?
American Horse Council
What is the maximum height of the Shetland pony?
46 inches
Which draft breed is considered to be more nervous and difficult to handle?
Clydesdale
Advertisement featuring 6 and 8-horse hitches has made which breed one of the most well
known draft breeds in the US?
Clydesdale
What color of horse is registered as a type A or B in the Albino breed Association?
Cremes
Who were the foundation sires for the Rangerbred?
Linden Tree, Leopard, and Max
The Chickasaw horse was developed by whom?
Chickasaw Indians
Because of their strength small size, Shetland ponies first became popular for what type of
work?
Working in mines
Which pinto pattern is the rarest and appears as excessive white on the legs, face and lower body
but is a very crisp marking?
Splashed white
Which breed is so gentle, affectionate and extremely portable that they are often taken to
nursing homes, chronic care facilities and children’s hospitals?
Miniature Horse
Which unique breed of horse has been called ‘America’s 500-year old new breed”?
Paso Fino
Which breed originated in Ireland and is famed for its jumping abilities?
Connemara pony
What was the primary use of the horse by the East coast Indians?
Pack animals for hauling hides to the coast
Who was the foundation sire for the Albino registry?
Old King
What is the wall eye marking of the horse?
Light blue or hazel iris of eye
Describe a grulla colored horse.
Mouse gray color with black mane and tail
Which president was on the first breeders of the Jack?
George Washington
What was Justin Morgan called as a foal?
Figure
What is the primary means of identification and may be the first indicator of questionable
parentage?
Color
Name the draft horse breed that acquired its name because of its rather round punched up
appearance
Suffolk (Suffolk punch)
What is the Falabella breed?
Miniature breed of horses developed by the Falabella family of Argentina
According to legend, what is the cross on the back of the miniature donkey said to be from?
Reward for carrying Mary to Bethlehem and Jesus to Jerusalem
How are a roan and gray horse distinguished from each other?
Roan is born with same proportion of white hairs and does not change with age, head and legs
are usually solid colored
A double dilution of chestnut results in what color?
Cremello or cream
The stallion, Allen F-1 or Black Allen is the designated foundation sire of which American
horse breed?
Tennessee Walking Horse
Approximately 99% of all standardbred horses trace to which stallion?
Hambletonian 10
What is a gaited horse that was developed in South America?
Paso fino
A miniature Saddlebred type show pony that was developed by crossing Shetland and Hackney
ponies is called what?
Americana
Name the 3 foundation sires of the thoroughbred.
Byerly Turk, Godolphin Barb, Darley Arabian
The existence of the Gotland horse breed can be traced back to what period of time?
Stone Age
Name the hair coat color that results from the dilution of bay and light seal brown.
Buckskin or dun
Who developed the Appaloosa breed of horse?
Nez Perce Indians
The Appaloosa Horse Club was formed in 1938 to preserve, improve, and standardize the
spotted horse of which people?
Nez Perce Indians
Describe the difference between piebald and skewbald horses.
Piebald-black horse with large irregular white patches, Skewbald-horse of any color other
than black with large irregular white patches
Name 3 coat colors that can be registered in the Buckskin Horse Association.
Buckskin, dun, grulla, red dun (claybank)
Name the 2 breeds that are crossed to develop the Anglo-Arabs.
Arabians and thoroughbreds
The USTA Sires and Dams book is the official stud registry for which breed?
Standardbred
Where is the home of the American Quarter Horse Association?
Amarillo, Texas
Name 2 markings that have more white on the horse’s face that a blaze or baldface.
Bonnet-face, apron-face
What is the major difference between the hackney horse and the hackney pony?
Size
Name the horse breed that is the only surviving species of the original wild horses of Asia.
Przewalski’s horse
What breed association was the first to be founded in the United States?
American Saddlebred Horse Association
What is the registerable height limit for the American Miniature Horse?
34 inches or 8.2 hands
What color are most Jacks?
Dark or red sorrel with white points
Name the number 1 permanently registered American Quarter Horse.
Wimpy P-1
Name the light breed of horse that originated in Austria and resembles a small Belgian.
Halflinger
Name the only face marking that has 3 parts in its description.
Star, stripe and snip
How is a brown horse distinguished from a true black horse?
Brown horse appears black but has lighter areas around its eyes, muzzle, flank and inside of
upper portion of its legs
What breed did Dan Patch represent and at what gait did he race?
Standardbred and paced
What body color is a mixture of white with any colored hair and gets lighter with age?
gray
Name 3 areas on a dun horse that may be striped.
Dorsal stripe on back, zebra stripes on legs, transverse stripe over withers
Define breed.
Group of animals that have certain distinguishable characteristics, such as function,
conformation and color
Which draft breed was most popular with American farmers?
Belgians
What was the Suffolk horse originally called because of their rather rounded, punched up
appearance?
Suffolk punches
Name the breed that evolved from crossing the Arabian and Morgan.
Morab
What is the difference between a donkey and a burro?
None although burro usually refers to a feral ass and donkeys are usually domestic ass
What hybrid is opposite to the cross that produces a mule?
Hinny
What is the only breed to be named after a man, and what was the horse’s name originally?
Morgan breed, Figure as a foal
From what basic color is the palomino, a dilution of?
Chestnut
What are distal spots?
Dark spots on a white coronet band
From what river did the horse of the Nez Perce Indian get its name?
Palouse River
Which breed was originally called Steeldusts prior to 1938?
Quarter Horse
What is a glass eye?
Eyeball is clear, some shade between white and blue or hazel iris resulting from lack of pigment
Which quarter horse won the distinction of the first permanent registration number by winning
Grand Champion stallion at the 1941 Fort Worth Exposition?
Wimpy P-1
What type of animals are notorious for being targets of founder?
Fat ponies and small fat horses that are easy keepers. Morgans have most occurences of
founder
Which draft breed is the only one to have hot-blood in its ancestry?
Percheron
What are 3 distinguishable characteristics between breeds of horses?
Function, conformation, color
What is the ideal color of a palomino’s body?
Within 3 shades of an untarnished US gold coin
Name 2 breeds that were developed in southern US for their comfortable ground covering
gaits and driving and riding abilities.
American Saddlebred, Tennessee Walking Horse, Fox Trotting Horse
How can you tell the difference between a seal brown and black horse?
Brown horses will have brown hair on the muzzle or by the flank
Name 2 events that the Hanoverian breed excels.
Heavy hunter, show jumper, dressage
Where did the Gotland horse originate?
Sweden
What is the maximum height requirement for a miniature horse?
32 inches usually, but some can be up to 38 inches
What is the approximately height and weight of nearly all draft breeds?
16 - 17 hands and 1600 - 2200 pounds
What color pattern is basically colored with white spots?
Overo
Name 3 draft breeds and their respective origins.
Percheron-France, Belgian-Belgium, Clydesdale-Scotland, Shire and Suffolk-England
Who is considered by many to the greatest harness horse of all time and held the pacing record
of 35 years?
Dan Patch
The amount of white on a tobiano or overo colored horse is determined by what?
Modifier genes
Name 2 colors that have off-white coats.
Crème (cremello) and perlino
Which breed began in the 1800’s by registering horses that trotted or paced the mile in less
than a ‘standard’ time?
Standardbred
Give 2 reasons why the Shetland has always been a true-breeding breed.
Isolation of its native Islands and desire to maintain a small children’s pony
What is the only basic modification of black that does not have black points?
Perlino
Name 2 coat colors that have a dorsal stripe.
Dun and grulla (buckskin is not acceptable)
Which English pony breed has a breed characteristic of “toad eyes” which are prominent
eyebrows?
Exmoor pony
The WSFI promotes and governs what type of riding?
Sidesaddle
Which horse breed has the same name as a breed of cattle?
Holsteins
Which breed contains animals of both horse pony sizes?
Hackney
What height in inches, must a miniature horse NOT exceed?
34 inches
What is the breed registry for the thoroughbred?
The Jockey Club
What is the breed registry for the Standardbred?
US Trotting Association
What was the first registry for the American Arabians before 1908?
The Jockey Club
Why did Justin Morgan become famous?
He sired outstanding progeny and could out-run, out-walk, out-trot, out-pull all competition
What is the size limits of the POA?
46 - 56 inches (11.2 hands to 14 hands tall)
Describe the ideal for the Pony of the Americas.
Cross between a Quarter horse and Arabian in miniature that has Appaloosa color patterns
Which breed should list Curwen Bay Barb as a fourth foundation sire in addition to Darley
Arabian, Byerly Turk and Godolphin Arabian?
Thoroughbred
A form of inbreeding aimed at trying to maintain a close relationship to a particular animal is
called what?
Line Breeding
What breed did Three Bars help to improve the racing qualities of?
Quarter Horse
What color pattern is not acceptable in the Welsh breed?
Spotting Breeds
Name the 2 primary characteristics of the POA.
46 - 56 inches tall, Appaloosa coloring
In showing the Hackney, how are the tails fixed?
Tails are docked (cob-tail) or long tail
Which famous thoroughbred had the nickname of Big Red?
Man ‘O War
A study fo foundation ancestors of the thoroughbred in the 1960 - 64 population, indicate
which stallion should be added as a foundation sire?
Curwen Bay Barb
The POA was the result of mating which breeds?
Appaloosa mare and Shetland pony stallion
What is the elegant, firey hackney’s nickname?
Prince of ponies
Name 4 color breeds
Paint (pinto), palomino, buckskin, albino
Name the face marking that the Cheyenne Indians thought had supernatural powers of
protection and invincibility.
Medicine Hat
About 30% of the mares registered in Germany are from which breed?
Hanoverian
Most Rangerbreds are often confused with which other breed?
Appaloosa
How are mules and hinnys similar in sexual responses?
Mules and hinnys of both sexes are sterile but have normal sexual instincts
Which breed was also called “Karster” and is associated with the Spanish Riding School in
Vienna?
Lipizzan
What is the maximum percentage of dark hairs in the mane and tail of a palomino?
15%
What color is spotted either color on white or white on color?
Pinto or paint
What breed of horse was developed by the East Coast Indians from the early Spanish
horses?
Chickasaw
Although the terms burro and donkey are synonymous, which one is primarily used to describe
a domestic ass?
Donkey
Describe the ‘calico’ hair coat color on horses.
Excessive white on legs and face, splashes and roaning on belly and body
The hair coat of the foal will be a solid color, but with each consecutive hair coat, more and
more white hairs will be added until what color becomes evident?
Gray
The mating of palomino horses to cremellos will result in what ratio of coat colors?
50% palomino, 50% cremello
Name 3 definitions of wall eye.
Light blue eye, defective eye, white spotting covering the eye
Which breeds were crossed to produce the Anglo-Arabian?
Thoroughbred and Arabian
What leg marking runs from the coronet to just below the knee?
Stocking or full stocking
What is the results, when there is no brown pigment in the horse’s eye?
Wall eye, glass eye or watch eye
Of the many different pinto color patterns, which one is the most common and which one is the
least common?
Tobiano (most common) and splashed white (least common)
In reference to markings, describe a blaze.
Wide patch of white down the face covering the full width of the nasal bones
Where did the name Appaloosa come from?
Slurring of A Palouse, it is from the Palouse River country of NW US
Who was the first well-known pony-type Hackney?
Sir George
Stallions were bred to Jennets to produce hinnys, what is the reverse cross called?
Mules
How can you tell the difference between a gray and a roan colored horse?
Grays get progressively whiter but roans keep the same proportion of white hairs, usually
head and lower legs are solid colored on roans, roan patches are often not uniform over the
body
What is the only breed of horse with a curly hair coat?
Bashkir Curly
Palominos are registered according to color and not by type except for 2 specific group types.
What are these 2 types?
Ponies and draft breeds
What is a slate blue coat coloring that features black points and a dark or black head?
Grulla
George Washington received these as gifts from the King of Spain and General LaFayette of
France, what are they?
Jacks
Name the horse coat color that usually begins with a solid color and get lighter with age as
more and more white hair appears.
Gray
What is the usual color of the points on most asses?
Light or white
Where did the miniature donkey originate?
Mediterranean (Sicily and Sardinia)
Which has the longer gestation period, the mare or the jennet?
Jennet has about 30 days longer gestation period
Although the terms burro and donkey are synonymous, which one is primarily used to describe
a feral ass?
Burro
Jacks were bred to horse mares to produce mules, what is the reverse cross called?
Hinny
The hackney pony was developed from the Hackney horse by crossing it with what?
Small spirited Welsh ponies
You are looking at 2 horses-both are light golden red. One has black points, the other does
not. What basic colors are these 2 horses?
Black points - bay, other horse - chestnut or sorrel
Which breed of English pony is native to the Yorkshire area of England and were bred
specifically for the Pennine Lead industry as pack ponies?
Dales Pony
Where did the POA originate?
US in Iowa
Which breed is known as the “Aristocrat of the Show Ring” and for its animation?
Hackney
Which breed was developed in Great Britain in the early 18th century from the Darley Arabian
through his son, Flying Childerns and grandson, Blaze - a renown British Thoroughbred and was mainly used
as a carriage horse by English sportsmen and aristocrats?
Hackney
What are the 2 most common colors of the Gotland horse?
Bay and Dun
Which breed was established to create an in-between size western type pony that would be
small enough for children yet large enough for adults to break and train, with coloring similar to the
appaloosa?
Pony of the Americas
What color evolves when there is a double dilution of chestnut horse color?
Cremello
Which breed describes the ideal animal as a cross between a Quarter horse and an Arabian in
miniature that has the color pattern of the appaloosa?
POA
The Horse Circuit News is the official publication for which breed?
Buckskin
The IBHA registers horses of what 4 colors?
Buckskin, dun, red dun and grulla
What term applies to a horse that belongs to a specific breed and has ‘papers’ to document its
ancestors?
Registered horse
Name the stallion, a great-grandson of Messenger, who is a significant foundation of the
Standardbred.
Hambletonian 10
The silver dapple is a color that is unique to which breed?
Shetland Pony
Name the breed of horse that was developed in the Ozark Mountains of southern Missouri and
Northern Arkansas.
Missouri Fox Trotting horse
What is the Spanish word for burro?
Donkey
Name 2 colors that are always heterozygous.
Roans and whites
Be specific. A red dorsal stripe appears with which coat color?
Red dun, claybank dun, apricot dun
Name the color pattern that looks like a bucket of white paint has been poured on the horse’s
back.
Tobiano
Is the gene for a curly coat dominant or recessive?
Recessive
Which breed has a mane and sometimes tail that is shed out in the summer and grows in again in
the fall and the fall coat resembles a permanent wave?
American Bashkir Curly
What are the 3 basic coat patterns of the Paint horse?
Tobiano, overo, tovero
The foremost purpose of the POAC was to establish and promote what type of animal?
Children’s working ponies
The 2 predominant families – the Belvedere’s and the Peavine’s, are the foundations for which
breed?
Golden American Saddlebred
Which breed was raised in the Ural Mountains of Russia and had a curly coat?
Bashkir Curly
Name 2 breeds of horses that are named after different states in the US.
Tennessee Walking horse, Missouri Fox Trotter, Colorado Ranger/Rangerbred horse
Identify the breed from the following description: head is chiseled, triangular appearance,
with small muzzle, wide-set eyes and dished profile.
Arabian
What is the most distinguishing characteristic of the Hackney pony?
Exaggerated, flashy, flexion of its knees and hocks
Who was the foal named Figure and why was he famous?
Figure was Justin Morgan as a foal, he became the foundation sire of the Morgan horse
breed
Which breed originated in the US from 3 feral horses found in 1898 on a ranch in Nevada?
American Bashkir Curly
Which pony breed is one of the oldest known types of horses and was found in England since
the last Ice Age?
Exmoor pony
Which breed of horse is noted for its color patterns of snowflake, leopard and white blanket on
the rump and was developed by the Nez Perce Indians?
Appaloosa
Describe a rose-gray horse.
Gray/white hairs on a bay or chestnut background
If you were looking through the annual auction reviews published by the Blood Horse, which
breed would be listed?
Thoroughbreds
Name 2 types of horses that represent a nearly true breeding for color.
Tarpan, Przewalski’s horse and Suffolk
Identify this breed-small sturdy horse of Spanish origin that stands 12 - 13.2 hands and comes
in all solid colors except albino and has a running walk similar to the Tennessee Walking horse
Galiceno
Explain the difference between a roan and a gray.
Roan-born with same proportion of white hairs as will be present in each successive coat.
Gray-each new coat adds more and more white hair until the horse appears white.
Name 2 other color terms that are synonymous with the term, paint.
Spotted or pinto
The Vienna Spanish Riding School is known for its training of which breed of horses?
Lippizan
Gray on black, liver chestnut or seal brown will be what color?
Steel gray or blue gray
What color has a body coat predominantly a shade of yellow, ranging from gold to nearly
brown with black or dark brown points?
Buckskin
Unlike many miniature horses, the Falabella is noted for its excellence of what characteristic?
Excellent conformation
Identify this breed: synthetic breed originating in 1960’s from crosses between
Standardbreds, shetlands, hackney, or welsh ponies used for sulky racing.
Trottingbred
Which breed began in 1974 for promoting saddlebreds with a golden hue with white or flaxen
manes and tails?
Golden American Saddlebred Horse
What Spanish breed is a small, sturdy horse of 12 to 13.2 hands (size of pony) but in all other
ways is a horse?
Galiceno
No true albinos are known in the horse, why aren’t horses registered as albinos considered
true albinos?
True albinos must have pink eyes and all white horses have colored eyes
What is the name for dark spots on a white coronet band?
Distal spots
A cross between what 2 breeds results in the National Show Horse?
Arabian and Saddlebred
What 2 draft breeds have feathers?
Clydesdale and Shire
What is the name for a hazel or light blue iris, and what causes this conditon?
Glass eye, China eye, wall eye or watch eye. Results from a lack of brown pigment in the
eye
Name 2 breeds that register animals under 34 inches tall.
Miniature horses and Falabella
What breed is a descendant of the great horse of Flanders?
Belgian
Name the 2 breeds of horses that have a natural running walk gait.
Tennessee Walking Horse and Galiceno
What is light, agile horse developed by the Spanish with Arabian and Barb breeding that is very
refined and used in the development of the English saddle horses?
Spanish Jennet
What is the main difference between the Spanish Jennet and the donkey?
Spanish Jennet is a breed of horse while donkeys are asses
Which breed has a wider variety of colors eligible for registry, the Paso Fino or the Peruvian
Paso?
Paso Fino
Name 2 breeds developed by American Indians.
Chickasaw and Appaloosa
Crosses of Norfolk trotter and thoroughbreds created a breed of British coach horses with
flashy, extreme flexion of knees and hocks at the trot. Name this breed.
Hackney
What is the cross between a jennet and a stallion?
Hinny
During the early 1900’s, there were 21 million horses in the US, what type were the majority
of these horses?
Draft Types
What Spanish breed of horse has a running walk similar to that of the Tennessee Walking
horse and Pasos?
Galiceno
Because of their small size, miniature are more susceptible to attacks by what?
dogs
Identify this breed-originated in England, tend to be long in the forearm and gaskin, display
considerable length from hip to hock and noted for long smooth muscling and excel at the run or gallop and
commonly used for show-ring hunters in the US.
Thoroughbred
What is the main use of the Trottingbred?
Sulky racing- trotting or pacing the 1/2 mile
Both the miniature horse and the Falabella are derived from which breed?
Small shetland ponies
Explain the difference between a flaxen mane and a silver mane.
Flaxen refers to a straw yellow or off-white color caused by a mixture of dark and white hairs in
the mane, Silver mane is mostly white with a few dark hairs
What are the 2 meanings for the term, Jack?
Male ass and bone spavin
What are the 2 body types recognized by the American Miniature Horse Association?
Arabian and Quarter type
A roan horse is often confused with what other color?
Gray
What color is similar to the buckskin except the body color is of a lighter shade?
Dun
A light brown horse is sometime called what?
Dark Bay
Name 3 German breeds that excel in dressage and jumping.
Hanoverian, Holstein and Trakehner
The small horse called Skogruss by the Swedes served as mounts for the Goths, Vikings and
other Swedish warriors and its ancestors have existed since the Stone Age. What is this breed called in the
US?
Gotland Horse
Name the breed of horse that is homozygous for the Dn gene.
Fjord Horse
What is a light blue or hazel iris resulting from the lack of brown pigment called?
Wall eyed or watch eye or glass eye
Appaloosas can be registered as appaloosas if they are the offspring of an appaloosa or what
other 3 approved breeds?
Quarter horse, Thoroughbred, Arabian
A group of animals with certain distinguishable characteristics such as conformation, color and function is called what?
Breed
What appaloosa pattern has a white body with colored spots over the entire body?
Leopard
Most Americans think of black and white cattle when the name Holstein is mentioned. Contrary
to common expectations, Holstein horses are usually what color?
Solid colored bay or seal brown
Name 3 registered breeds of horses in which the horse’s ancestry is 50% Arabian in origin.
Half-Arabian, National Show Horse, Morab, Pintabian
What color results as a double dilution of bay?
Perlino
What is a jennet?
Female ass
There are 2 distinct types of Shetland ponies, what are they?
Island or draft type and American type
What term describes an ivory white horse with rusty appearing points?
Perlino
Where did the Percheron originate and what is its most common colors?
France. Black and grey
Name the breed of draft horse that is believed to have had an infusion of Arab and Barb
ancestry.
Percheron
Which breed was brought to the US in 1957 from Sweden where their ancestors had existed
since the Stone Age?
Gotland Horse
What is a small general purpose mountain horse from the South Tyrol region of Austria that
resemble small Belgians?
Haflinger
Imported Mammoth is a famous sire for which breed?
American Jack, Mammoth Jack, Standard Jack
Who was the most important sire in the development of the Quarter horse as a breed?
Peter McCue
Name 3 breeds that originated in Germany.
Hanoverian, Holstein, Trakehner
What color is the Haflinger?
Usually light shade of chestnut with flaxen mane and tail
Who was the second most important sire in the development of the Quarter horse as a
breed?
Traveler
What was the Conestoga horse and where was it developed?
Conestoga horse was a tall, rangy, active horse sought after by freight haulers. It was
developed in southern Pennsylvania, but no breed registry was established
Most Jack stock trace to which famous Jack?
Imported Mammoth
Name 2 breeds of draft horses that usually have little or no white markings on the face or
legs?
Percheron and Suffolk
Who are the descendants of the Great Horse, the horse of knights in armor of the Middle
Ages?
Percheron, Belgium, Clydesdale, Suffolk, Shire
What is a cremello also known as?
Type A albino
What are the names of the 2 famous grandfathers of Wimpy P-1?
Old Sorrel and his grandfather Peter McCue
What color is commonly mistaken for black?
Seal brown
At what age can a miniature horse be permanently registered?
5 Years
Name the 3 classifications of the spotted coat patterns of the Paint horse.
Overo, tobiano, tovero
What is the official publication of the US Trotting Assoc?
Hoof Beats
What breed of horse has been most influential in the development of breeds of light horses in
America?
Thoroughbred
What color are 60% of the Standardbreds?
Bay
What is the synthetic breed used for sulky racing that originated from crosses between
Standardbreds, Shetland, Hackney and Welsh ponies?
Trottingbred
Identify this breed: essential in development of Quarter horse, Standardbred, saddlebred.
US Dept of Ag had farm in Middlebury, Vermont to preserve and improve this breed and is only breed to be
named after a single horse.
Morgan
Prior to 1951, in what registry were Anglo-Arabians and half Arabians registered?
Arabian Remount Association or US Remount Service (from US Cavalry Remount Service)
Appaloosa horses have 4 distinguishing characteristics, name them.
Spotted coat pattern, mottled skin, white sclera around eyes, vertically striped hooves
Name the 4 conformation types found in the Pinto breed.
Stock, pleasure, hunter, saddle types
What is the most distinguishing movement characteristic of the hackney pony?
Exaggerated, flashy, flexion of the knees and hocks
Name the 3 basic hair coat colors, that also provide the base for most of the other hair coat
colors of the horse.
Bay, black and chestnut
What are the 2 sections that the Welsh cobs are divided into?
Section C: Welsh ponies of Cob Type - not exceeding 13.2 hands and Welsh Cobs - exceeding
13.32 hands with no upper limits
Name and describe the 3 types of roan colors.
Red roan - bay with white hairs intermingled in coat, Blue roan - black, brown or liver chestnut
with white hairs, Strawberry roan - chestnut with white hairs
Which organization began an extensive blood-typing program in 1977 to verify the parentage
of every animal registered in the American Stud Book and support research of DNA techniques for
parentage verification?
The Jockey Club
What are the 2 sections that the Welsh ponies are divided into?
Section A: Welsh Mountain Pony - not exceeding 12.2 hands and Section B: Welsh Pony - not
exceeding 14.2 hands
What are the basic bloodline requirements to register a foal as an American Quarter horse?
Foal must be from a registered AQHA sire and dam or AQHA parent and Jockey Club parent.
Breeding report must be filed on or before Nov 30 of the foaling year
What is the maximum height of a Shetland pony?
46 inches (11.2 hands)
Name 3 breeds of horses whose development was influenced by native tribes of American
Indians.
Appaloosa, Chickasaw, American Indian horse, pinto
What is responsible for the seal brown pattern that results in light phaeomelanic areas on the
muzzle, over the eyes, on the flanks and on the inside of the legs?
Pangare’ effect
What breed is most likely to have a double moose antler brand on its left hip?
Trakehner
What are 3 characteristics of the Overo pattern?
White doesn’t cross the back, one or more legs are dark, head is often bald, apron or bonnetfaced,
white body markings are irregularly spotted or splashy, tail is usually one color
The Nuestro Caballo is the official publication of which breed?
Peruvian Pasos
Which English pony breed is over 60,000 years old which is equivalent to Przewalski’s horse?
Exmoor Pony
Describe the tovero coat color.
Combination of the pinto/paint tobiano and overo patterns and clearly doesn’t belong to either
color pattern
